IGlucagonoma

-Delile

• Ziyini Izimpawu zeGlucagonoma?
• Ziyini Izimbangela zeGlucagonoma?
• Ihlolwe Kanjani iGlucagonoma?
• Yiziphi Izindlela Zokwelapha Ezitholakalayo ngeGlucagonoma?
• Yiziphi izinkinga zeGlucagonoma?
• Yini Engingayilindela Esikhathini Eside?

Kuyini iGlucagonoma?

IGlucagonoma iyisimila esingavamile esihlanganisa amanyikwe. IGlucagon iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa amanyikwe esebenza ne-insulin ukulawula inani likashukela egazini lakho. Amaseli we-Glucagonoma tumor akhiqiza inani elikhulu le-glucagon, futhi la mazinga aphezulu enza izimpawu ezinzima, ezibuhlungu nezisongela impilo. Cishe amaphesenti ama-5 kuye kwayi-10 amathumba we-neuroendocrine akhula kumanyikwe angama-glucagonomas.

Ziyini Izimpawu zeGlucagonoma?

Uma unesimila esikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-glucagon, sizothinta izici eziningi zempilo yakho. IGlucagon ilinganisa imiphumela ye-insulin ngokulawula inani likashukela egazini lakho. Uma une-glucagon eningi kakhulu, amaseli akho awagcini ushukela futhi esikhundleni salokho ushukela uhlala egazini lakho.

IGlucagonoma iholela kwizimpawu ezifana nesifo sikashukela nezinye izimpawu ezibuhlungu nezingozi, kufaka phakathi:

• ushukela ophakeme wegazi
• ukoma ngokweqile nendlala ngenxa yeshukela ephezulu yegazi
• ukuvuka njalo ebusuku ayochama
• isifo sohudo
• ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, noma i-dermatitis, ebusweni, esiswini, ezinqeni, nasezinyaweni ezivame ukuqhaqhazela noma zigcwale ubomvu
• ukuncipha kwesisindo ngokungenhloso
• amahlule egazi emilenzeni, ebizwa nangokuthi i-vein thrombosis ejulile

Ziyini Izimbangela zeGlucagonoma?

Azikho izimbangela ezaziwayo eziqondile ze-glucagonoma. Uma unomlando womndeni wesifo esibizwa nge-endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) usengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-glucagonoma. Kodwa-ke, labo abangenazo ezinye izinto eziyingozi bangakwazi ukuthuthukisa lezi zicubu.

I-Glucagonomas inomdlavuza, noma iyingozi, cishe ngesikhathi. Ama-glucagonomas amabi asakazeka kwezinye izicubu, imvamisa isibindi, bese eqala ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezinye izitho zomzimba.

Ihlolwe Kanjani iGlucagonoma?

Kungaba nzima ukuxilonga i-glucagonoma. Imvamisa, izimpawu zibonakala zidalwa esinye isimo, futhi kungahle kube yiminyaka ngaphambi kokutholakala kwesifo okuyiso.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana. Amazinga aphezulu e-glucagon ayimpawu zalesi simo. Ezinye izimpawu zifaka ushukela ophakeme wegazi, amazinga aphezulu e-chromogranin A, okuyi-protein evame ukutholakala kwizicubu ze-carcinoid, kanye ne-anemia, okuyisimo lapho unezinga eliphansi lamaseli abomvu egazi.

Udokotela wakho uzolandela lezi zivivinyo nge-CT scan yesisu ukuze afune ukuba khona kwezimila.

Izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zawo wonke ama-glucagonomas azimbi. Lezi zicubu zingasabalala emzimbeni wonke futhi zihlasele ezinye izitho. Izicubu zivame ukuba nkulu futhi zingaba ngamasentimitha amane kuye kwayisithupha ububanzi lapho zitholakala. Lo mdlavuza uvame ukungatholakali uze usabalale uye esibindini.

Yiziphi Izindlela Zokwelapha Ezitholakalayo ngeGlucagonoma?

Ukwelapha i-glucagonoma kuhilela ukukhipha amangqamuzana e-tumor nokwelapha imiphumela ye-glucagon eyeqile emzimbeni wakho.

Kungcono ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokusimamisa imiphumela ye-glucagon eyeqile. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka ukuphuza isidakamizwa se-analog somatostatin, njengomjovo we-octreotide (iSandostatin). I-Octreotide isiza ukulwa nemiphumela ye-glucagon esikhunjeni sakho futhi ithuthukise ukuqubuka kwesikhumba.

Uma ulahlekelwe isisindo esikhulu, ungahle udinge i-IV ukusiza ukubuyisa isisindo somzimba wakho. Ushukela wegazi ophakeme ungelashwa nge-insulin nokuqapha okusondele amazinga akho kashukela egazini.

Unganikezwa futhi umuthi we-anticoagulant, noma i-blood thinner. Lokhu kuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazini emilenzeni yakho, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-vein thrombosis ejulile. Kubantu abasengozini ye-vein thrombosis ejulile, isihlungi singabekwa komunye wemithambo yakho emikhulu, i-vena cava engaphansi, ukuvimbela amahlule ekufinyeleleni emaphashini akho.

Uma usuphilile ngokwanele, kungenzeka ukuthi isimila sisuswe ngokuhlinzwa. Lolu hlobo lwesimila aluphenduli kahle ekhemotherapy. Ukuhlinzwa kuphumelela kakhulu uma isimila sibanjwa ngenkathi sisavaleleke kumanyikwe.

Ukuhlinzwa kokuhlola kwesisu kungenziwa nge-laparoscopically, ngokusikeka okuncane ukuvumela amakhamera, izibani namathuluzi, noma ngokwakha imbobo enkulu evulekile.

Ama-glucagonomas amaningi avela ohlangothini lwesobunxele noma umsila wamanyikwe. Ukususwa kwalesi sigaba kubizwa ngokuthi yi-distal pancreatectomy. Kwabanye abantu, ubende nalo luyasuswa. Lapho izicubu zesimila zihlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, kunzima ukusho ukuthi zinomdlavuza yini. Uma unomdlavuza, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzosusa isimila esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukusivimba ukuthi singasabalali ngokuqhubekayo. Lokhu kungafaka ingxenye yamanyikwe, ama-lymph node wendawo, kanye nengxenye yesibindi.

Yiziphi izinkinga zeGlucagonoma?

I-glucagon eyeqile iholela ezimpawu ezifana nesifo sikashukela. Ushukela ophakeme wegazi ungadala:

• ukulimala kwemizwa
• ubumpumputhe
• izinkinga ze-metabolic
• ukulimala kwengqondo

I-vein thrombosis ejulile ingadala ukuthi amahlule egazi aye emaphashini, futhi ingadala nokufa.

Uma isimila sihlasela isibindi, ekugcineni singadala ukwehluleka kwesibindi.

Yini Engingayilindela Esikhathini Eside?

Imvamisa, ngesikhathi kutholakala ukuthi i-glucagonoma, umdlavuza ususabalele kwezinye izitho, njengesibindi. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlinzwa akusebenzi ngoba kunzima ukukuthola kusenesikhathi.

Lapho nje isimila sisusiwe, umphumela we-glucagon eyeqile wehla ngokushesha. Uma isimila sinqunyelwe kumanyikwe kuphela, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu, okusho ukuthi amaphesenti angama-55 abantu baphila iminyaka emihlanu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.Kunesilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda uma izicubu zingakwazi ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa.