I-hemoptysis: yini, izimbangela nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze

-Delile

• Izimbangela eziyinhloko zeHemoptysis
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ukwelashwa kwe-hemoptysis

I-Hemoptysis yigama lesayensi elinikezwe ukukhwehlela okunegazi, okuvame ukuhlobene nezinguquko zamaphaphu, njengesifo sofuba, i-bronchitis engapheli, i-pulmonary embolism nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ngokwesibonelo, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi okukhulu ngomlomo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile iya ngokushesha esibhedlela ukuze kuqale ukwelashwa nezinkinga zivinjelwe.

I-Hemoptysis ibhekwa lapho ukuphuma kwegazi kusuka emaphashini kanye nokulahleka kwegazi okungu-100 kuye ngaphezu kwama-500 ml kubonakala emahoreni angama-24, kepha leli nani lingahluka ngokuya ngodokotela ophethe. Inani legazi elilahlekile lithathwa njengelibucayi uma lingabeka impilo yomuntu engcupheni ngenxa yokuvinjelwa komgwaqo womoya ngokuqongelelwa kwegazi.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zeHemoptysis

I-Hemoptysis ingaba uphawu lwezifo eziningana, kepha ivame ukuhambisana nezinguquko ezivuthayo, ezithathelwanayo noma ezimbi emaphashini, noma imithambo yegazi efinyelela kulesi sitho futhi ikhuthaze ukuchelela kwayo, okuyinhloko:

• Isifo sofuba;
• Inyumoniya;
• I-bronchitis engapheli;
• I-embolism yamaphaphu;
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu nemethastase yamaphaphu;
• I-bronchiectasis;
• Isifo sikaBehçet ne-Wegener's granulomatosis, okuyizifo ezibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wonke.

Ukukhwehlela igazi nakho kungenzeka njengomphumela wezinqubo ezihlaselayo zokuxilonga noma zokwelapha ezingadala ukulimala emaphethelweni okuphefumula aphezulu, njengomlomo, ikhala noma umphimbo, futhi kungavela nasemgudwini wamathumbu, kepha lapho i-hemoptysis ivela kulezi zindlela ezimbili izimo, kubizwa i-pseudo hemoptysis.

Yazi ezinye izimbangela zokukhwehlela okunegazi.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hemoptysis kwenziwa ikakhulu ngokuhlola izimpawu eziveziwe kanye nomlando womtholampilo womuntu. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka umuntu ekhwehlela igazi isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto elilodwa, ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu, umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukushintsha kokuphefumula kanye / noma ubuhlungu besifuba, kunconywa ukuthi uye esibhedlela ngokushesha ukuze uyohlolwa okungakhomba imbangela yezimpawu.

Udokotela uvame ukuncoma ukwenziwa kokuhlolwa kwe-imaging, okufana nesifuba x-ray kanye ne-computed tomography ukuze kuhlolwe amaphaphu futhi kukhonjwe noma yiziphi izimpawu ezisikisela ukopha okungabeka impilo yomuntu engcupheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kucelwa izivivinyo zaselebhu, njengokuqina kanye nokubalwa kwegazi ukubheka ubuningi nezimpawu zokujikeleza kwamaseli egazi.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hemoptysis kwenziwa futhi nge-bronchoscopy, ukuhlolwa lapho kufakwa khona ithubhu elincane eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera encane enamathele ekugcineni kwalo liye emlonyeni noma ekhaleni bese linyuka liye emaphashini, okuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone konke ukwakheka kwamaphaphu nokuphefumula phenya futhi ukhombe lapho kuphuma khona ukopha. Qonda ukuthi i-bronchoscopy yenziwa kanjani.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hemoptysis

Ukwelashwa kwe-hemoptysis kwenziwa ngokusho kwembangela nenani legazi elilahlekile, kuhloswe ngalo ukulawula ukopha nokugcina isiguli sizinzile. Ngakho-ke, kunganconywa i-bronchoscopy noma i-arteriography futhi, ngokuya ngobukhulu, kungakhonjiswa ukumpontshelwa i-plasma namaplatelets.

Lapho ukuphuma kwegazi kungalawuleki, noma sekuthathwe izinyathelo zokukulawula, kukhonjiswa inqubo yokuhlinzwa, njengokuhlanganiswa komthambo we-bronchial, ngokwesibonelo, lapho udokotela, ngosizo lweshubhu elincane eliguquguqukayo kanye nekhamera encane kutiphu, ingakhomba indawo futhi imise ukopha.

Ngokusho kwembangela ye-hemoptysis, udokotela angancoma nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic, uma kwenzeka ukopha kungenxa yezifo, ama-anticoagulants, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala noma, uma kungenxa yomdlavuza wamaphaphu womdlavuza, kube yisibonakaliso se-chemotherapy.