Ungakanani Ushukela OseBhiya?

-Delile

• Inqubo yokwenza utshwala
• Ubukhulu bamandla kabhiya
• Ale vs. lager
• Okuqukethwe ushukela kubhiya
• Ushukela ongakanani ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zobhiya?
• Ubhiya noshukela wegazi
• Okubalulekile

Ngenkathi ubhiya wakho owuthandayo ungaqukatha izithako ezingeziwe, ubhiya ngokuvamile wenziwa okusanhlamvu, izinongo, imvubelo namanzi.

Yize ushukela ungafakiwe ohlwini, kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza utshwala.

Njengalokhu, ungazibuza ukuthi ngabe bukhona yini ushukela kubhiya nokuthi uqukethe malini.

Lo mbhalo ubuyekeza okuqukethwe ushukela kubhiya.

Inqubo yokwenza utshwala

Ukuze wazi ukuthi ushukela ungakanani kubhiya, kufanele uqale uqonde ukuthi ubhiya wenziwa kanjani.

Izithako eziyinhloko kubhiya izinhlamvu, izinongo, imvubelo namanzi. Ibhali nokolweni yizinhlamvu ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, kuyilapho amahops esebenza njengesinongo esikhulu sokunambitha.

Inqubo yokwenza utshwala iqukethe izinyathelo ezilandelayo ():

1. I-Malting. Lesi sinyathelo sivumela ukuhluma okusanhlamvu okulawulwayo. Lesi yisinyathelo esisemqoka, ngoba ukuhluma kusiza ukwehlisa isitashi esigciniwe sibe ushukela ongabila - ikakhulukazi umalaleveva.
2. Ukuhlanganisa. IMashing yinqubo yokosa, ukugaya, nokumanzisa okusanhlamvu okuqhume emanzini ashisayo. Umphumela uba uketshezi oluqukethe ushukela okuthiwa i-wort.
3. Ukubilisa. Ngalesi sinyathelo, kunezelwa ama-hops noma ezinye izinongo. I-wort bese ipholisa isikhashana bese ihlungwa ukuze kuqedwe izinsalela zezitshalo nemfucumfucu.
4. Ukuvutshelwa. Kuleli qophelo, kufakwa imvubelo ku-wort ukuyibilisa, eguqula ushukela ube utshwala ne-carbon dioxide.
5. Ukuvuthwa. Lesi yisinyathelo sokugcina sokubilisa, lapho kugcinwa khona ubhiya bese ushiywa uguga.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ushukela uyinto ebalulekile ekwenzeni ubhiya.

Kodwa-ke, ayengezwa njengesithako. Esikhundleni salokho, kuvela ekucubunguleni okusanhlamvu bese kubila imvubelo ukukhiqiza utshwala.

Ushukela ubalulekile enqubeni yokuphekelwa kukabhiya, kodwa ayengezwa njengesithako. Esikhundleni salokho, kuvela ekuhlumeni kwezinhlamvu.

Ubukhulu bamandla kabhiya

Amandla adonsela phansi kabhiya abhekisela ekumeni kwesisindo esihlobene namanzi ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zokuvutshelwa, futhi kunqunywa kakhulu okuqukethwe ushukela.

I-wort enesisindo esiphakeme sikashukela ibizwa ngokuthi i-high gravity wort.

Njengoba imvubelo ibilisa i-wort, ushukela wayo uyancipha ngenkathi umthamo wawo wotshwala unyuka, wona wona wehlise amandla awo futhi kuholele kubhiya onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kotshwala ().

Ngakho-ke, ubhiya lunamandla adonsela phansi okuqala nawokugcina, futhi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili ukhombisa inani likashukela eliguqulwe laba utshwala.

Ale vs. lager

Kokubili ama-ales nama-lager yizinhlobo ezahlukene zikabhiya, futhi umehluko wazo omkhulu uhlobo lwemvubelo olusetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kotshwala.

Izinyosi ze-Ale zenziwa ne- I-Saccharomyces cerevisiae izinkinga, ngenkathi ubhiya we-lager usebenzisa Saccharomyces pastorianus ().

Imvubelo kabhiya isebenza kahle kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokubilisa ushukela ().

Noma kunjalo, kunezici eziningana ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kwemvubelo, kufaka phakathi amazinga okushisa nokuphisa okuqukethwe kukabhiya okhulayo. Lapho okuqukethwe kotshwala kuphezulu kakhulu ukuthi bangaphila, ukuvutshelwa kuyayeka ().

Ngenkathi zombili lezi zinhlobo zikhiqiza utshwala njengomkhiqizo wokugcina, imvubelo ye-ale inokubekezelela okuphezulu kophuzo kunama-lager - okusho ukuthi angaphila ezindaweni ezinotshwala obuphakeme (,,).

Ngakho-ke, ama-ales ngokuvamile anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kotshwala nokuqukethwe kashukela okuphansi.

Amandla adonsela phansi kabhiya akhombisa inani likashukela kubhiya. Njengoba imvubelo ibilisa ushukela, amandla ebhiya ayancipha, futhi notshwala bawo buyanda. Izinhlobo zemvubelo ezisetshenziswa kuma-ales zinokubekezelelana okuphezulu kotshwala. Ngakho-ke, okuqukethwe ushukela wabo osele kuvame ukuba phansi.

Okuqukethwe ushukela kubhiya

Ushukela yi-carbs. Eqinisweni, ushukela iyunithi eyisisekelo kunazo zonke yama-carbs.

Ngokwesakhiwo, ama-carbs ahlukaniswe ngama-mono-, di-, oligo-, nama-polysaccharides, kuya ngokuthi ngabe inhlanganisela ine-1, 2, 3-10, noma ngaphezulu kwama-molecule kashukela ayi-10, ngokulandelana ().

Uhlobo oluyinhloko lukabhiya ushukela yi-maltose, olwenziwa ngama-molecule amabili kashukela. Ngakho-ke, ihlukaniswa njenge-disaccharide - uhlobo lukashukela olulula.

Kodwa-ke, i-maltose nobunye ushukela obulula buqukethe kuphela i-80% yokuqukethwe koshukela ongabiliswa we-wort. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-20% asele aqukethe ama-oligosaccharides, imvubelo engawabilisi (,).

Noma kunjalo, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukugaya ama-oligosaccharides noma, ngakho-ke kubhekwa njengama-khalori futhi esikhundleni salokho kusebenza njengama-prebiotic fibers, noma ukudla kwamagciwane akho esiswini ().

Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi ubhiya uqukethe inani elifanele lama-carbs, okuqukethwe kwalo ushukela kuvame ukuba phansi impela.

Okuqukethwe ushukela kukabhiya kuqukethe ama-80% kashukela abilayo kanye nama-oligosaccharides angama-20%. Imvubelo ayikwazi ukugaya ama-oligosaccharides, kodwa nomzimba wakho awukwazi. Ngakho-ke, okuqukethwe ushukela wokugcina usengaphansi.

Ushukela ongakanani ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zobhiya?

Njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, okuqukethwe ushukela kabhiya kungahluka ngokuya ngamandla adonsela phansi awo nohlobo lomhlobo wemvubelo osetshenziswayo ukulubilisa.

Kodwa-ke, abenzi bakabhiya bangafaka ezinye izithako eziqukethe ushukela ezincwadini zabo zokupheka, ezinjengezinyosi nesiraphu yommbila, ukunikeza ubhiya wabo ukunambitheka okuhlukile.

Yize kunjalo, imithetho yokufaka ilebula yotshwala e-United States ayidingi ukuthi abenzi bayo babike okuqukethwe ushukela emikhiqizweni yabo (10, 11).

Ngenkathi abanye bethi okuqukethwe yi-carb, iningi labo liveza kuphela okuqukethwe kwabo kotshwala. Ngakho-ke, ukunquma ukuthi ushukela wakho owuthandayo uqukethe okungakanani kungaba ngumsebenzi onzima.

Noma kunjalo, uhlu olulandelayo lubandakanya okuqukethwe ushukela ne-carb okutholakala kuma-ounces ayi-12 (355 ml) ezinhlobonhlobo zikabhiya, kanye nalezo zemikhiqizo ethile edumile (,,, 15, 16,,, 19):

• Ubhiya ojwayelekile: 12.8 amagremu ama-carbs, 0 amagremu kashukela
• Ubhiya omncane: 5.9 amagremu ama-carbs, 0.3 amagremu kashukela
• Ubhiya ophansi we-carb: 2.6 amagremu ama-carbs, 0 amagremu kashukela
• Ubhiya ongewona utshwala: 28.5 amagremu we-carbs, 28.5 amagremu kashukela
• IMiller High Life: 12.2 amagremu ama-carbs, 0 amagremu kashukela
• UMiller Lite: 3.2 amagremu ama-carbs, 0 amagremu kashukela
• Idili labaxhasi: 11.7 amagremu we-carbs, 0 amagremu kashukela
• Ukukhanya Kwama-Coors: 5 amagremu we-carbs, i-1 gram kashukela
• AmaCoors Angadakwa: 12.2 amagremu ama-carbs, ama-8 amagremu kashukela
• I-Heineken: 11.4 amagremu ama-carbs, 0 amagremu kashukela
• I-Budweiser: 10.6 amagremu ama-carbs, 0 amagremu kashukela
• Ukukhanya kweBud: 4.6 amagremu ama-carbs, 0 amagremu kashukela
• IBusch: 6.9 amagremu ama-carbs, akukho ushukela obikiwe
• Ukukhanya kweBusch: 3.2 amagremu we-carbs, akukho ushukela obikiwe

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ubhiya olula uphakeme kancane ngoshukela kunabhiya abajwayelekile. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokwehluka kwenqubo yabo yokuvutshelwa.

Izinyosi ezikhanyayo zikhiqizwa ngokungeza i-glucoamylase ku-wort - i-enzyme ephula ama-carbs asele bese ibaguqula babe ngoshukela ongabila. Lokhu kunciphisa kokubili okuqukethwe ikhalori notshwala kubhiya ().

Ngokwengeziwe, njengoba kungekho nolunye ushukela lwe-wort oluguqulwa lube utshwala kuziphuzo ezingezona ezidakayo, lokhu kunokuqukethwe ushukela okuphezulu kakhulu.

Khumbula ukuthi yize okuqukethwe ushukela kabhiya kungaba phansi, ubhiya obujwayelekile busewumthombo wama-carbs, ongathinta amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nangaphandle koshukela obikiwe, okuqukethwe kotshwala kubhiya kusewumthombo obalulekile wama-calories.

Ubhiya obujwayelekile buvame ukungabi noshukela, kanti ubhiya olula ubika cishe igramu elilodwa ngekani ngalinye. Noma kunjalo, ubhiya obungewona utshwala bunoshukela ophakeme kunabo bonke.

Ubhiya noshukela wegazi

Yize ubhiya kungenzeka ukuthi awunalo ushukela ongako, phela uyisiphuzo esinotshwala, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ungehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.

I-Alcohol iphazamisa imetabolism ngokuvimbela i-gluconeogenesis kanye ne-glycogenolysis - ukukhiqizwa komzimba nokuwohloka koshukela ogciniwe, ngokulandelana - okudingekayo ukugcina ukulinganisela koshukela wegazi (21,).

Ngakho-ke, ukutholakala kwayo kungahle kuholele ku-hypoglycemia, noma amazinga kashukela aphansi egazi, yingakho kunconywa ngokujwayelekile ukuthi kudliwe ngesidlo esiqukethe i-carb.

Kodwa-ke, uma idliwe kanye ne-carbs elula enyusa amazinga kashukela egazini ngokushesha okukhulu, kungaholela ekuphenduleni kwe-insulin okwandisiwe, okuholele futhi ku-hypoglycemia (21,).

Ngokwengeziwe, utshwala bungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwemithi ye-hypoglycemic (21).

Ngenkathi ubhiya ungaba nokuqukethwe kashukela okuphansi, njengesiphuzo esiphuzo, kungaholela emazingeni kashukela aphansi.

Okubalulekile

Ushukela uyinto ebalulekile ekuphekeni ubhiya, njengoba kuyisakhi lapho imvubelo ikhiqiza khona utshwala.

Ngenkathi izinto ezimbalwa zithonya ikhono lemvubelo lokuguqula ushukela lube utshwala, kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekwenzeni njalo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezingezona ezotshwala, ubhiya uvame ukuba nokuqukethwe koshukela ophansi.

Noma kunjalo, khumbula ukuthi iziphuzo ezidakayo zinganciphisa amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.

Futhi, ukugwema imiphumela engemihle yezempilo, kufanele uphuze njalo utshwala ngokulinganisela, okuchazwa njengeziphuzo ezingaphezulu kwesisodwa noma ezimbili ngosuku kwabesifazane nabesilisa, ngokulandelana ().