I-IgG ne-IgM: ziyini futhi yini umehluko
-Delile
Ama-Immunoglobulins G nama-immunoglobulins M, awaziwa nangokuthi i-IgG ne-IgM, angama-antibody akhiqizwa ngumzimba lapho ethintana nohlobo oluthile lwe-microorganism ehlaselayo. La ma-antibody akhiqizwa ngenhloso yokukhuthaza ukuqedwa kwama-bacteria, ama-virus, ama-parasites kanye nesikhunta, ngaphezu kobuthi obukhiqizwa yila ma-microorganisms lapho ehlasela umzimba.
Njengoba kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuphendula komzimba ekuthelelekeni, ukukalwa kwe-IgG ne-IgM kungasiza ekutholeni izifo ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngokuhlolwa okukhonjiswe ngudokotela, kungenzeka ukwazi ukuthi ngabe la ma-immunoglobulin akhona yini ajikeleza egazini futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, ukuthi ngabe umuntu unaleli gciwane noma uke waxhumana ne-ejenti elithathelwanayo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-IgG ne-IgM ekukhulelweni
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela angenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukukhomba ukutheleleka lowo wesifazane asenakho nokuhlola isimo sakhe sokuzivikela komzimba, ngokulinganisa amasosha omzimba athile kulowo nalowo omele ukutheleleka.
Kunokutheleleka oku-5 okungathi, uma kuqhubeka nokukhulelwa, kube nengozi enkulu yokudlulisela embungwini, kube kubi kakhulu uma umama ongenawo ama-antibodies kwelinye lala magciwane, ethola lesi sifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengoba kunjalo nge-toxoplasmosis , ugcunsula, i-rubella, i-herpes simplex ne-cytomegalovirus. Bona ukuthi i-cytomegalovirus ingayithinta kanjani ingane yakho nokukhulelwa.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-rubella esikhathini esingangenyanga ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, nokuhlolwa kwe-serological ukuze welaphe ezinye izifo kusenesikhathi.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-IgG ne-IgM
Ama-Immunoglobulins G no-M angahlukaniswa ngokwezici zamakhemikhali nezamangqamuzana, ngosayizi, ukukhokhiswa kukagesi nobuningi bama-carbohydrate kumthethosisekelo wawo, okuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kwawo.
Ama-immunoglobulin yizakhiwo ezifana negama elithi "Y" futhi zakhiwa ngamaketanga asindayo namaketanga alula. Ukupheliswa kwelinye lamaketanga okukhanya kuhlale kufana phakathi kwama-immunoglobulin, aziwa ngokuthi yisifunda esihlala njalo samaketanga okukhanya, ngenkathi ukuqedwa kwamanye amaketanga akhanyayo kungahluka phakathi kwama-immunoglobulin, aziwa ngokuthi yisifunda esiguqukayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezifunda zokuhambisana kokuhlangana okubili futhi okusindayo, okuhambelana nendawo lapho i-antigen ikwazi ukubopha khona.
Ngakho-ke, ngokususelwa ekuhlolweni kwezici zamakhemikhali nezamangqamuzana, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo zama-immunoglobulin, kufaka phakathi i-IgG ne-IgM, lapho i-IgG ifanelana ne-immunoglobulin ephakeme kakhulu ejikeleza nge-plasma ne-IgM iye kuma-immunoglobulin aphakeme kakhulu akhona esikhaleni semithambo yegazi, ngaphezu kokuba nezifunda zabo eziguquguqukayo namaphethelo amaphethini ahlukene wokuhambisana, okunomthelela emsebenzini abawenzayo.