I-immunodeficiency eyinhloko: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Kunjani ukuxilongwa
• Ukwelashwa kwe-immunodeficiency eyinhloko

I-primary immunodeficiency, noma i-PID, yisimo lapho kuba khona izinguquko ezingxenyeni zamasosha omzimba, ezenza ukuthi umuntu angenwe kalula yizifo ezahlukahlukene, njengoba amasosha omzimba engasebenzi kahle. Uphawu oluyinhloko olukhomba i-PID ukwenzeka kwezifo eziphindaphindayo zebhaktheriya, ikakhulukazi i-sinusitis, i-otitis ne-pneumonia.

Ukwehluleka komzimba okuyisifo okuyisifo sofuzo kanye nesifo sokuzalwa futhi kuvame kakhulu ezimweni zomshado odla ukudla okuhlangene, okuwumshado phakathi kwabantu bomndeni owodwa, futhi ukuxilongwa ngokuvamile akwenziwa ngokushesha nje emva kokuzalwa ngenxa yokuntula ulwazi ngalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa inhlalakahle nekhwalithi yempilo yengane, ngaphezu kokugwema izinkinga ezinzima ezingadala ukufa, isibonelo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zokuqaqanjelwa komzimba okuyinhloko zivame ukuvela ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila, noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo, izimpawu zingavela kuphela ebudaleni, njengoba kuya ngohlobo nobukhali boshintsho lwezofuzo.

Izimpawu zingabonwa kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, ngoba ingafinyelela kunoma yisiphi isitho noma uhlelo, kodwa-ke ikakhulukazi izimpawu ezihlobene nohlelo lokuphefumula ziyaqashelwa, ezingadala ukuthi i-immunodeficiency eyinhloko ididaniswe nezifo zokuphefumula kwengane nezifo ezithathelwanayo.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze i-immunodeficiency eyinhloko ibhekwe ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ezinye zezimpawu nezimpawu, njenge:

• 4 noma ngaphezulu indlebe izifo esikhathini esingaphansi konyaka 1;
• 2 noma ngaphezulu izifo zokuphefumula ngaphansi konyaka owodwa;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotics isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezi-2 ngaphandle kokuba nomphumela;
• Amacala angaphezu kwembili enyumoniya ngaphansi konyaka owodwa;
• Ukubambezeleka ekukhuleni kwengane;
• Izifo eziphindaphindiwe zamathumbu;
• Ukuvela kwezinkinga zomuthi wokugoma;
• Ukuvela kaningi kwamathumba esikhunjeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umndeni unomlando we-immunodeficiency oyinhloko noma ingane iyindodakazi yombhangqwana odlayo, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthola i-immunodeficiency eyinhloko.

Kubalulekile ukuthi abazali bazi ngezimpawu ezethulwe yingane kanye nokuvela kwezifo eziphindaphindayo ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokukhubazeka okukhulu kokuphefumula kanye ne-septicemia, okungaba kuyabulala.

Kunjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi nangezivivinyo ezithile zofuzo, ngoba kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 zokuzivikela komzimba okuyisisekelo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwama-immunodeficiency ayisisekelo kwenziwe kuze kube unyaka wokuqala wokuphila ukuze ukwazi ukweluleka umndeni ngokwelashwa nokunakekelwa okudingekayo ukugcina inhlalakahle yengane futhi igweme izinkinga. Yize isivivinyo esiyisisekelo, ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kokuxilongwa komzimba kungatholakali ngohlelo lwe-Unified Health System, kuphela emitholampilo yangasese.

Ukwelashwa kwe-immunodeficiency eyinhloko

Ukwelashwa kwe-immunodeficiency eyinhloko kufanele kwenziwe ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela wezingane futhi kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezimpawu ezivezwa yingane, ubukhali kanye nesigaba sokuhlonza.

Lapho i-PID ikhonjwa ngokushesha noma izimpawu ezilethwayo zimnene, udokotela wezingane angancoma ukwelashwa ngama-immunoglobulin, lapho kunikezwa khona amasosha omzimba angekho emzimbeni, enza ngcono ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphathwa kwama-antibiotic ngqo emthanjeni kunganconywa ukulwa nezifo eziphindaphindayo.

Kodwa-ke, uma kukhulunywa nge-PID enzima, engabangelwa ukuxilongwa kamuva noma ukutholakala kwezinguquko ezibeka ukungatheleleki komzimba ngaphezulu, ukufakelwa umnkantsha kungadingeka. Bona ukuthi ukufakelwa umnkantsha wenziwa kanjani.