Umsebenzi Nokulethwa: Izinhlobo Zababelethisi

-Delile

• Izinhlobo zababelethisi
• Ababelethisi abaqinisekisiwe (ama-CNM)
• Ababelethisi abaqinisekisiwe (ama-CM)
• Ababelethisi abaqeqeshiwe (CPMs)
• Ababelethisi bokungena ngqo (ama-DEMs)
• Beka ababelethisi
• UDoulas
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

Ababelethisi ngochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe abasiza abesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubeletha. Bangasiza futhi phakathi namasonto ayisithupha emva kokuzalwa, okwaziwa ngokuthi yisikhathi sokubeletha. Ababelethisi bangasiza futhi ngokunakekela usana olusanda kuzalwa.

Abantu bebelokhu bezijwayeza ukubelethisa izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Banikeza ukunakekelwa komuntu siqu komama abasha ekhaya, esibhedlela, emtholampilo, noma esikhungweni sokuzalwa. Izindima zombelethisi zifaka:

• ukuqapha inhlalakahle yomama ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo nangokwenhlalo phakathi nokukhulelwa, ukubeletha kanye nesikhathi sokubeletha
• ukuhlinzeka ngemfundo yomuntu ngamunye, ukwelulekwa, ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha, kanye nokusizwa ngezandla
• ukunciphisa ukungenelela kwezokwelapha
• ukukhomba nokuthumela abesifazane abadinga ukunakwa ngudokotela

Ezinye izinzuzo zokuba nombelethisi zifaka:

• amanani aphansi omsebenzi owenziwe kanye ne-anesthesia
• ingozi ephansi yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kanye nokulethwa ngokuhlinzwa
• amazinga okutheleleka aphansi namazinga okufa kwezinsana
• izinkinga ezimbalwa jikelele

Cishe amaphesenti ayi-9 kuphela abantwana abazalwa e-United States abandakanya umbelethisi. Kodwa-ke, ukubelethisa kuthuthukisa impilo yonke kamama nengane futhi kuyindlela enhle kwabesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe.

Izinhlobo zababelethisi

Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukene zababelethisi abanamazinga ahlukene okuqeqeshwa nokunikwa isitifiketi. E-United States, ababelethisi baba ngaphansi kwezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Ababelethisi abangabahlengikazi abaqeqeshelwe ubuhlengikazi nokubelethisa
• Ababelethisi bokungena ngqo abaqeqeshelwe ukubelethisa kuphela

Ababelethisi abaqinisekisiwe (ama-CNM)

Umbelethisi ongumhlengikazi oqinisekisiwe (CNM) ungumhlengikazi obhalisiwe othola ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe ekukhulelweni nasekubelethweni futhi uneziqu ze-master in nurse midwifery.

Ama-CNM athathwa njengengxenye yesikhungo sezokwelapha esivamile futhi aqinisekiswe yiBhodi Yezitifiketi ZaseMelika Yokubelethisa.

Ama-CNM athola ukuqeqeshwa ku-anatomy, physiology, kanye ne-obstetrics. Futhi bayakwazi ukwenza izinqumo zezokwelapha ezilandela izindinganiso zokunakekelwa komphakathi wezokwelapha. Iningi lama-CNM liyabandakanyeka ekulethweni kwezibhedlela futhi libandakanyeka emahhovisi odokotela bezokubelethisa.

Ezimweni eziningi, ama-CNM azosebenzisa isikhathi esiningi nawe ngesikhathi sokubeletha kunodokotela. Ama-CNM azokukhuthaza futhi akuqeqeshe endleleni. Lokhu kuthintwa komuntu ngesinye sezizathu abesifazane abaningi abathembele kuma-CNM.

Kodwa-ke, ama-CNM awakwazi ukwenza ukulethwa okuhlinzwa futhi ezimweni eziningi awakwazi ukwenza i-vacuum noma i-forceps ukudiliva. Imvamisa banakekela abesifazane abasezingeni eliphansi okungenzeki ukuthi badinge lezi zinhlobo zokungenelela.

Kwezinye izimo ama-CNM angasiza ama-OB-GYN noma ama-perinatologists ngokunakekela abesifazane abasengozini enkulu.

Uma ucabanga ukuthola ukunakekelwa kusuka ku-CNM, kufanele ubuze ngodokotela umbelethisi asebenza naye. Ngisho nabesifazane abasezingeni eliphansi bangazithola sebenenkinga engazelelwe edinga ubuchwepheshe nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kukadokotela.

Ababelethisi abaqinisekisiwe (ama-CM)

Umbelethisi oqinisekisiwe (CM) uyefana nombelethisi ongumhlengikazi oqinisekisiwe. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi iziqu zokuqala ze-CMs bezingezona ezobuhlengikazi.

Ababelethisi abaqeqeshiwe (CPMs)

Umbelethisi oqeqeshiwe (CPM) usebenza ngokuzimela nabesifazane ababelethayo ekhaya noma ezikhungweni zokuzalwa. Ama-CPM aya lapho kuzalwa futhi imvamisa ahlinzeka ngokunakekelwa kokubeletha.

Ama-CPM kufanele adlulise ukuhlolwa kwekhono yiNorth American Registry of Midwives (NARM).

Ababelethisi bokungena ngqo (ama-DEMs)

Umbelethisi wokungena oqondile (DEM) usebenza ngokuzimela futhi ufunde ukubelethisa esikoleni sokubelethisa, ukufundela umsebenzi, noma uhlelo lwasekolishi ekubelethiseni. Ama-DEM ahlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okuphelele kokubeletha futhi aya lapho kuzalwa khona ekhaya noma lapho ehanjiswa khona ezikhungweni zokuzalwa.

Beka ababelethisi

Umbelethisi olele akayona ingcweti kwezokwelapha. Ukuqeqeshwa, ukunikwa isitifiketi, kanye nekhono lababelethisi ababekiwe kungahlukahluka njengoba izifundazwe eziningi zingenayo inqubo eyodwa, esungulwe yekharikhulamu, yokuqeqesha, noma yenqubo efanayo.

Ababelethisi ababekayo ngokuvamile abathathwa njengengxenye yomphakathi ovamile wezokwelapha futhi bavame ukusebenza nabantu abasebenzisa eminye imithi.

Ngaphandle kokumbalwa, ababelethisi ababelethayo abazilethi izingane ezibhedlela. Imvamisa basiza ngokulethwa ekhaya noma ezikhungweni zokuzalwa.

Yize iningi labesifazane likwazi ukubeletha ngokuphepha emakhaya linakekelwa umbelethisi olele, abanye besifazane baba nezinkinga ezinkulu ngemuva kokuqala kokubeletha. Ngoba ukuqeqeshwa kwababelethisi abalaleli kungalawulwa, amandla okubona izinkinga ayahlukahluka.

Izinkinga eziningi zokubelethisa zenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu kangangokuthi ngisho nokwelashwa ngudokotela kungaphumelela ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje bezokwelapha. Ngenxa yalokhu, bambalwa odokotela emithini ejwayelekile yaseMelika abancoma ukuzalwa ekhaya noma ukubeletha ngababelethisi ababelethi.

UDoulas

I-doula ngokuvamile isiza umama ngaphambi kokubeletha nangesikhathi sokubeletha nokubeletha. Banikeza ukusekelwa ngokomama nangokomzimba kumama futhi kungasiza futhi ukubafundisa. Noma kunjalo, abahlinzeki ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ama-Doulas atholakala kumama ngaphambi kokuzalwa ukusiza ukuletha uhlelo lokuzalwa nokuphendula noma yimiphi imibuzo umama angaba nayo.

Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, i-doula izonikeza induduzo kumama ngokusiza ngokuphefumula nangokuphumula. Bazophinde bahlinzeke ngokubhucunga umzimba nokusiza ngezikhundla zabasebenzi. Ngemuva kokubeletha, i-doula izosiza umama ekunceliseni ibele futhi ingasiza ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

I-doula izoba khona ngomama futhi imsize athole ukubeletha okuphephile futhi okuhle, noma ngabe kubandakanya imithi noma ukuhlinzwa.

Umbono

Ngokuya ngokuthi ufuna ukubeletha esibhedlela, ekhaya, noma esikhungweni sokuzalwa, kungcono ukwazi ukuthi uluhlobo luni lwezitifiketi noma ukwesekwa okufunayo kumbelethisi wakho. Lolu lwazi luzokusiza ukuthi unqume uhlobo lombelethisi ofuna ukusebenza naye.

Ngokuvamile, ukuba nombelethisi kuzokunika ukusekelwa okwengeziwe ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba futhi kusize inqubo yokubeletha ihambe kahle. Umbelethisi uzosiza futhi ukuqinisekisa impilo yakho neyengane yakho.