Ukuhlolwa Komsebenzi Wesibindi

-Delile

• Yiziphi izivivinyo zomsebenzi wesibindi ezivame kakhulu?
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Alanine transaminase (ALT)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-albhamuin
• Ukuhlolwa kweBilirubin
• Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi?
• Ziyini izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwesibindi?
• Ungasilungiselela kanjani isivivinyo sokusebenza kwesibindi
• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi
• Izingozi zokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi
• Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi

Yini ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi?

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi, okwaziwa nangokuthi amakhemikhali esibindi, kusiza ukunquma impilo yesibindi sakho ngokulinganisa amazinga wamaprotheni, ama-enzyme wesibindi, ne-bilirubin egazini lakho.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi kuvame ukunconywa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• ukuhlola ukulimala kwezifo zesibindi, njenge-hepatitis B ne-hepatitis C
• ukuqapha imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile eyaziwa ukuthinta isibindi
• uma usuvele unesifo sesibindi, ukuqapha lesi sifo nokuthi ukwelashwa okuthile kusebenza kahle kangakanani
• uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwesibindi
• uma unezimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezifana ne-triglycerides ephezulu, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma i-anemia
• uma uphuza kakhulu utshwala
• uma unesifo se-gallbladder

Ukuhlolwa okuningi kungenziwa esibindini. Ukuhlolwa okuthile kungakhombisa izici ezahlukahlukene zomsebenzi wesibindi.

Ukuhlolwa okuvame ukusetshenziswa ukubheka ukungahleleki kwesibindi ukuhlola okuhlola:

• i-alanine transaminase (ALT)
• i-aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
• i-alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• i-albhamuin
• bilirubin

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ALT ne-AST kukala ama-enzyme akhishwa isibindi sakho ngenxa yomonakalo noma izifo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-albumin kukala ukuthi isibindi siyakha kahle kanjani i-albhamuin, kuyilapho isivivinyo se-bilirubin silinganisa ukuthi siyikhipha kanjani i-bilirubin. I-ALP ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola uhlelo lwe-bile duct yesibindi.

Ukuba nemiphumela engavamile kunoma yikuphi kwalokhu kuhlolwa kwesibindi kudinga ukulandelwa ukuthola imbangela yokungajwayelekile. Ngisho nemiphumela ephakeme ephansi ingahlotshaniswa nesifo sesibindi. Kodwa-ke, la ma-enzyme angatholakala nakwezinye izindawo ngaphandle kwesibindi.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi sakho nokuthi zingasho ukuthini kuwe.

Yiziphi izivivinyo zomsebenzi wesibindi ezivame kakhulu?

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi kusetshenziselwa ukukala ama-enzyme athile namaprotheni egazini lakho.

Ngokuya ngesivivinyo, amazinga aphezulu noma aphansi kunokujwayelekile ama-enzyme noma amaprotheni angakhombisa inkinga ngesibindi sakho.

Ezinye izivivinyo zomsebenzi wesibindi ezijwayelekile zifaka:

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Alanine transaminase (ALT)

I-Alanine transaminase (ALT) isetshenziswa ngumzimba wakho ukuhlanganisa amaprotheni. Uma isibindi sonakele noma singasebenzi kahle, i-ALT ingakhishelwa egazini. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amazinga e-ALT akhule.

Umphumela ophakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile kulokhu kuhlolwa kungaba uphawu lokulimala kwesibindi.

Ngokwe-American College of Gastroenterology, i-ALT engaphezulu kwama-25 IU / L (amayunithi aphesheya ngelitha ngalinye) kwabesifazane kanye nama-33 IU / L kwabesilisa ngokuvamile kudinga ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

I-Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) iyi-enzyme etholakala ezingxenyeni eziningana zomzimba wakho, kufaka phakathi inhliziyo, isibindi nemisipha. Njengoba amazinga e-AST engacacisiwe ngokulimala kwesibindi njenge-ALT, kuvame ukukalwa kanye ne-ALT ukuhlola izinkinga zesibindi.

Lapho isibindi sonakele, i-AST ingadedelwa egazini. Umphumela ophakeme esivivinyweni se-AST ungakhombisa inkinga ngesibindi noma imisipha.

Ububanzi obujwayelekile be-AST ngokuvamile bufinyelela kuma-40 IU / L kubantu abadala futhi bungaba ngaphezulu ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezisencane.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

I-alkaline phosphatase (ALP) iyi-enzyme etholakala emathanjeni akho, emigodini ye-bile, nasesibindi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ALP kuvame uku-oda kuhlanganiswe nezinye izivivinyo eziningana.

Izinga eliphakeme le-ALP lingakhombisa ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, ukuvinjelwa kwamapayipi enyongo, noma isifo samathambo.

Izingane nentsha ingahle ibe namazinga aphakeme e-ALP ngoba amathambo abo ayakhula. Ukukhulelwa nakho kungakhuphula amazinga e-ALP. Ububanzi obujwayelekile be-ALP buvame ukufika kwabangu-120 U / L kubantu abadala.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-albhamuin

I-albhamuin yiprotheni enkulu eyenziwe yisibindi sakho. Yenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile yomzimba. Isibonelo, i-albhamuin:

• imisa uketshezi ekuphumeni kwemithambo yegazi yakho
• wondla izicubu zakho
• ithutha ama-hormone, amavithamini, nezinye izinto emzimbeni wakho

Ukuhlolwa kwe-albhamuin kukala ukuthi isibindi sakho senza kahle kanjani le protein. Umphumela ophansi kulokhu kuhlolwa ungabonisa ukuthi isibindi sakho asisebenzi kahle.

Ububanzi obujwayelekile be-albhamuin bungu-3.5-5.0 amagremu nge-desilitha ngayinye (g / dL). Kodwa-ke, i-albin ephansi nayo ingaba ngumphumela wokungondleki kahle, isifo sezinso, ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala.

Ukuhlolwa kweBilirubin

I-Bilirubin ingumkhiqizo odoti ovela ekuwohlokeni kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Ngokuvamile kucutshungulwa isibindi. Idlula esibindini ngaphambi kokukhishwa esitokisini sakho.

Isibindi esonakele asikwazi ukucubungula kahle i-bilirubin. Lokhu kuholela ezingeni eliphakeme ngokungajwayelekile le-bilirubin egazini. Umphumela ophakeme ekuhlolweni kwe-bilirubin ungakhombisa ukuthi isibindi asisebenzi kahle.

Ububanzi obujwayelekile be-bilirubin isiyonke ngokuvamile bungu-0.1-1.2 milligram nge-deciliter ngayinye (mg / dL). Kunezifo ezithile ezizuzwe njengefa ezikhuphula amazinga e-bilirubin, kepha ukusebenza kwesibindi kujwayelekile.

Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi?

Ukuhlolwa kwesibindi kungasiza ukuthola ukuthi isibindi sakho sisebenza kahle yini. Isibindi senza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile yomzimba, njenge:

• ukususa ukungcola egazini lakho
• ukuguqula izakhamzimba ekudleni okudlayo
• ukugcina amaminerali namavithamini
• elawula ukujiya kwegazi
• ukukhiqiza i-cholesterol, amaprotheni, ama-enzyme, ne-bile
• okwenza izinto ezilwa nokutheleleka
• kususa amagciwane egazini lakho
• ukucubungula izinto ezingalimaza umzimba wakho
• ukugcina izilinganiso ze-hormone
• ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini

Izinkinga zesibindi zingenza umuntu agule kakhulu futhi zingabeka impilo yakhe engcupheni.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwesibindi?

Izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwesibindi zifaka:

• ubuthakathaka
• ukukhathala noma ukuphelelwa amandla
• ukuncipha komzimba
• i-jaundice (isikhumba esiphuzi namehlo)
• ukuqoqwa koketshezi esiswini, okwaziwa ngokuthi ama-ascites
• ukukhishwa komzimba okukhanyayo (umchamo omnyama noma izitulo ezikhanyayo)
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• isifo sohudo
• ubuhlungu besisu
• ukulimaza noma ukuphuma kwegazi ngokungajwayelekile

Udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwesibindi. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi okuhlukile nakho kungabheka ukuqhubeka noma ukwelashwa kwesifo nokuhlolwa kwemiphumela emibi yemithi ethile.

Ungasilungiselela kanjani isivivinyo sokusebenza kwesibindi

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalo ephelele yokuthi ungayilungiselela kanjani ingxenye yesampula yegazi esivivinyweni.

Imithi ethile nokudla kungathinta amazinga ala ma-enzyme namaprotheni egazini lakho. Udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi ugweme ezinye izinhlobo zemithi, noma angakucela ukuthi ugweme ukudla noma yini isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Qiniseka ukuthi uqhubeka nokuphuza amanzi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Ungahle uthande ukugqoka ihembe elinemikhono ekwazi ukusongwa kalula ukuze kube lula ukuqoqa isampula segazi.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi

Kungenzeka uthathwe igazi lakho esibhedlela noma esikhungweni esikhethekile sokuhlola. Ukusingatha isivivinyo:

1. Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzohlanza isikhumba sakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze anciphise amathuba okuthi noma yiziphi izilwane ezincane esikhunjeni sakho zizodala ukutheleleka.
2. Kungenzeka basongele ibhande lokunwebeka engalweni yakho. Lokhu kuzosiza imithambo yakho ibonakale kakhulu. Bazosebenzisa inaliti ukudweba amasampula egazi engalweni yakho.
3. Ngemuva komdwebo, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzobeka i-gauze nebhandishi ngaphezulu kwendawo yokubhoboza. Bese bethumela isampula yegazi elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe.

Izingozi zokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi

Ukudonsa igazi kuyizinqubo ezijwayelekile futhi akuvamile ukuthi kubangele imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, izingozi zokunikeza isampula segazi zingabandakanya:

• ukopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba, noma i-hematoma
• ukopha ngokweqile
• ukuquleka
• ukutheleleka

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, imvamisa ungahamba uhambe wenze impilo yakho njengokujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, uma uzizwa uphela amandla noma unekhanda elikhanyayo ngesikhathi sokudonsa igazi, kufanele uphumule ngaphambi kokuba uhambe esikhungweni sokuhlola.

Imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo kungenzeka ingatsheli udokotela wakho ukuthi unasiphi isimo noma izinga lokulimala kwesibindi, kepha kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume izinyathelo ezilandelayo. Udokotela wakho uzokushayela ngemiphumela noma axoxe ngayo nawe ekubonaneni okulandelwayo.

Ngokuvamile, uma imiphumela yakho ikhombisa inkinga ngokusebenza kwesibindi sakho, udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza imishanguzo yakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha owedlule ukusiza ukuthola imbangela.

Uma uphuza kakhulu utshwala, kuzodingeka ukuthi uyeke ukuphuza. Uma udokotela wakho ekhomba ukuthi umuthi ubangela ama-enzyme wesibindi aphakeme, bazokukwazisa ukuthi uyeke umuthi.

Udokotela wakho anganquma ukukuhlolela i-hepatitis, ezinye izifo, noma ezinye izifo ezingathinta isibindi. Bangase futhi bakhethe ukwenza izithombe, njenge-ultrasound noma i-CT scan. Bangancoma i-biopsy yesibindi ukuhlola isibindi nge-fibrosis, isifo sesibindi esinamafutha, noma ezinye izimo zesibindi.