Yini i-optic neuritis nokuthi ungayibona kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungayibona kanjani
• Ziyini izimbangela
• Ukwelashwa kwe-optic neuritis

I-optic neuritis, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-retrobulbar neuritis, ukuvuvukala kwemizwa ye-optic evimbela ukudluliswa kolwazi kusuka esweni kuya ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inzwa ilahlekelwa umgogodla we-myelin, ungqimba olungisa izinzwa futhi obhekene nokudluliswa kwemizwa yezinzwa.

Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-45, futhi sibanga ukulahleka kombono ngokwengxenye, noma kwesinye isikhathi. Imvamisa ithinta iso elilodwa, yize ingathinta namehlo womabili, futhi ingadala nobuhlungu beso nezinguquko ekuhlonzeni umbala noma ekuboneni.

I-optic neuritis ivela ikakhulu njengokubonakaliswa kwe-multiple sclerosis, kepha futhi ingabangelwa ukutheleleka kobuchopho, isimila noma ukudakwa yizinsimbi ezisindayo, njengesibonelo, umthofu. Ukubuyiselwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, noma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa futhi i-corticosteroids ukusiza ukusheshisa ukutakula kwezinye izimo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ze-optic neuritis yilezi:

• Ukulahleka kombono, okungakhethi, kepha ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu kungaba okuphelele, futhi kube linye noma womabili amehlo;
• Ubuhlungu beso, obubi lapho uhambisa iso;
• Ukulahleka kwekhono lokuhlukanisa imibala.

Ukulahleka kombono kuvame ukuba kwesikhashana, kepha ama-sequelae angahlala, njengobunzima bokukhomba imibala noma ukungaboni kahle. Bheka ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu zezinkinga zokubona eziyizimpawu zokuxwayisa.

Ungayibona kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-optic neuritis kwenziwa ngudokotela wezifo zamehlo, ongenza izivivinyo ezihlola ukubona nesimo samehlo afana ne-visual campimetry, amandla abukwayo abukelwe, ukucabanga kwe-pupillary noma ukuhlolwa kwe-fundus, isibonelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungahlolwa i-MRI scan yobuchopho, esiza ukuthola izinguquko zobuchopho njengalezo ezibangelwa yi-multiple sclerosis noma isimila ebuchosheni.

Ziyini izimbangela

I-optic neuritis ivame ukuvela ngenxa:

• I-Multiple sclerosis, okuyisifo esidala ukuvuvukala nokulahleka kwe-myelin sheath yezinzwa zobuchopho. Bheka ukuthi kuyini nokuthi ungayibona kanjani i-multiple sclerosis;
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho, njenge-meningitis noma i-virus encephalitis, ebangelwa amagciwane afana nenkukhu noma i-herpes, noma ukubandakanyeka kwesifo sofuba, isibonelo;
• Isigaxa sobuchopho, engacindezela i-nerve optic;
• Izifo ezizimele;
• Isifo samathuna, okudala ukukhubazeka kwamehlo okuthiwa yi-Graves 'orbitopathy. Qonda ukuthi sivela kanjani nokuthi ungaselapha kanjani lesi sifo;
• Ubuthi bezidakamizwa, njengamanye ama-antibiotic, noma ngezinsimbi ezisindayo, njenge-lead, arsenic noma i-methanol, isibonelo.

Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, imbangela ye-optic neuritis ayitholakali, ibizwa ngokuthi i-idiopathic optic neuritis.

Ukwelashwa kwe-optic neuritis

Ezimweni eziningi, i-optic neuritis inokuxolelwa okuzenzakalelayo, futhi izimpawu nezimpawu ziyathuthuka ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwelashwa okuthile.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukulandela udokotela wezifo zamehlo nodokotela wezinzwa, ongahlola isidingo sokusebenzisa imishanguzo, efana ne-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwemizwa, noma ukuhlinzwa ukuze unciphise imizwa ye-optic, engadingeka kwizimo zesimila, Ngokwesibonelo.

Yize, kwezinye izimo, ukululama kuphelele, kungenzeka ukuthi amanye ama-sequelae asale, njengobunzima bokuhlukanisa imibala, izinguquko emkhakheni obukwayo, ukuzwela ekukhanyeni noma ubunzima bokuhlola amabanga, ngokwesibonelo.