Yini Ebangela Umkhuhlane Osezingeni Eliphansi Oqhubekayo futhi Uphathwa Kanjani?

-Delile

• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Abantu abadala
• Izinsana
• Izingane
• Yini ebangela umkhuhlane ophansi ophansi?
• Izifo zokuphefumula
• Ukutheleleka kwe-Urinary tract (UTIs)
• Imithi
• Ukuthambisa (izinsana)
• Ukucindezeleka
• Isifo sofuba
• Izifo ezizimele
• Izinkinga ze-thyroid
• Umdlavuza
• Ukwelapha umkhuhlane ophansi ophansi
• Uyini umbono?

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Uyini umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi?

Umkhuhlane kulapho ukushisa komzimba womuntu kuphakeme kunokujwayelekile. Kubantu abaningi, okujwayelekile cishe kungu-98.6 ° Fahrenheit (37 ° Celsius).

“Ibanga eliphansi” kusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa liphakeme kancane - phakathi kuka-98.7 ° F no-100.4 ° F (37.5 ° C no-38.3 ° C) - futhi lihlala ngaphezu kwamahora angama-24. Imfiva eqhubekayo (engapheli) ichazwa njengemfiva ehlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-14.

Umkhuhlane ungasho izinto eziningi ezahlukahlukene, kepha imikhuhlane eminingi esezingeni eliphansi futhi emnene ayikhathazeki ngayo. Imvamisa, ukwanda kokushisa komzimba kuyimpendulo ejwayelekile ekuthelelekeni, njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Kodwa kunezinye izimbangela eziningi ezingavamile kakhulu zomkhuhlane ophansi ophansi ongadokotela kuphela ongawuthola.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Umkhuhlane wodwa kungenzeka ungabi yisizathu sokubiza udokotela. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezithile lapho kufanele uthole khona ukwelulekwa kwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma umkhuhlane uhlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuba khona komkhuhlane kungasho izinto ezahlukene kubantu abadala, izinsana, nezingane.

Abantu abadala

Kumuntu omdala, umkhuhlane akuvamile ukuthi ube yisizathu sokukhathazeka ngaphandle kokuthi uye ngaphezu kuka-103 ° F (39.4 ° C). Kufanele ubone udokotela uma unomkhuhlane ophakeme kunalona.

Uma umkhuhlane wakho ungaphansi kuka-103 ° F, kodwa uhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu, kufanele futhi uvakashele udokotela.

Kufanele ufune usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu noma lezi zimpawu ezihambisana nomkhuhlane:

• ukuqubuka okungajwayelekile okusheshe kubhebhetheke
• ukudideka
• ukuphalaza okuqhubekayo
• isithuthwane
• ubuhlungu lapho uchama
• intamo elukhuni
• ikhanda elibi kakhulu
• ukuvuvukala komphimbo
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• ukuphefumula kanzima
• ukusangana

Izinsana

Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala, ngisho nokushisa okuncane kancane kunokujwayelekile kungasho ukutheleleka okungathi sína.

Shayela udokotela wezingane wakho ngomkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi uma ingane yakho ibonakala icasuke ngokungavamile, i-lethargic, noma ingakhululeki noma inesifo sohudo, umkhuhlane noma ukukhwehlela. Lapho kungekho ezinye izimpawu, kufanele futhi ubonane nodokotela uma umkhuhlane uhlala ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu.

Izingane

Uma ingane yakho isaxhumana nawe emehlweni, iphuza uketshezi, futhi idlala, khona-ke umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi cishe awusona isizathu sokwesaba. Kepha kusamele uvakashele udokotela uma umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi uhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu.

Shayela nodokotela wezingane wengane yakho uma ingane yakho:

• uyacasuka noma ubonakala engakhululekile neze
• akabheki kahle emehlweni kuwe
• ahlanze ephindelela
• unesifo sohudo esibi
• unomkhuhlane ngemuva kokuba semotweni eshisayo

Yini ebangela umkhuhlane ophansi ophansi?

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane, njengomkhuhlane ovamile, kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yomkhuhlane ophansi webanga eliphansi, kepha kunezinye izimbangela ezingandile okufanele uzicabangele.

Izifo zokuphefumula

Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo uphakamisa izinga lokushisa komzimba ukusiza ukubulala amagciwane noma igciwane elibanga ukutheleleka. Imikhuhlane noma umkhuhlane kubangelwa amagciwane. Umkhuhlane ikakhulukazi ungadala imfiva esezingeni eliphansi ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Ezinye izimpawu zomkhuhlane zifaka:

• ikhala eligcwele noma eligijimayo
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• ukuthimula
• ukukhwehlela
• ukukhathala
• ukungabi nesifiso sokudla

I-pneumonia yegciwane kanye ne-bronchitis ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili zezifo zokuphefumula ezingadala nomkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi. Kanye nomkhuhlane, amakhaza, nomphimbo obuhlungu, inyumoniya ne-bronchitis iza nokukhwehlela okuqhubeka amasonto amaningi.

Ezinganeni, kuvamile ukuzwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane "emuva-emuva". Lokhu kungenza kubonakale sengathi umkhuhlane uhlala isikhathi eside kunokuba kufanele.

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka ngegciwane kubandakanya ukuphumula noketshezi kuze kube yilapho umzimba wakho unakekela ukutheleleka. Ungathatha i-acetaminophen yokunciphisa umkhuhlane uma izimpawu zakho zikhathaza ngempela. Imfiva ibalulekile ekusizeni umzimba wakho ukulwa nezifo ezithile, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi kungcono ukukulinda.

Uma ukutheleleka kubi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ama-antibiotic, imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane, noma eminye imithi yokusiza ukwelapha ukutheleleka.

Ukutheleleka kwe-Urinary tract (UTIs)

Umkhuhlane oqhubekayo ungakhombisa ukutheleleka okucashile komgudu womchamo kuzingane nakubantu abadala. I-UTI ibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Ezinye izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu nokushisa ngenkathi uchama, ukuchama kaningi, nomchamo onegazi noma omnyama.

Udokotela angahlola isampula lomchamo ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola i-UTI. Ukwelashwa kuhilela inkambo yama-antibiotic.

Imithi

Umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi ungavela cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kwezingu-10 ngemuva kokuqala umuthi omusha. Lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi umkhuhlane wezidakamizwa.

Izidakamizwa ezihambisana nomkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi zifaka:

• ama-beta-lactam antibiotic, njenge-cephalosporins nama-penicillin
• quinidine
• zihlel
• methyldopa
• mthombeni
• carbamazepine

Uma umkhuhlane wakho uhlobene nemithi ethile, udokotela wakho angalungisa isilinganiso sakho noma ancome umuthi ohlukile. Umkhuhlane kufanele unyamalale lapho umuthi usumisiwe.

Ukuthambisa (izinsana)

Ukuthambisa amazinyo ngokuvamile kwenzeka phakathi kwezinyanga ezine kuya kweziyisikhombisa ubudala. Ukwenza amazinyo ngezikhathi ezithile kungadala ukucasuka okuncane, ukukhala, kanye nomkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi. Uma umkhuhlane ungaphezulu kuka-101 ° F, kungenzeka ukuthi awubangelwa ukuqeda amazinyo futhi kufanele ulethe usana lwakho ukuzozibonela udokotela.

Ukucindezeleka

Imfiva ephikelelayo ingabangelwa ukucindezeleka okungapheli, okungokomzwelo. Lokhu kubizwa nge-. Imfiva ye-psychogenic ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebasha kanye nabantu abanezimo ezivame ukukhushulwa yingcindezi, njenge-chronic fatigue syndrome kanye ne-fibromyalgia.

Izidakamizwa ezinciphisa umkhuhlane njenge-acetaminophen empeleni azisebenzi kumafiva abangelwa yingcindezi. Esikhundleni salokho, imishanguzo elwa nokukhathazeka iyindlela yokwelapha esetshenziswa ukwelapha umkhuhlane wengqondo.

Isifo sofuba

Isifo sofuba (i-TB) yisifo esithathelwana kakhulu esidalwa yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi Isifo sofuba iMycobacterium. Yize i-TB ivame kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka, kubikwa izinkulungwane zezimo e-United States unyaka nonyaka.

Amagciwane angahlala engasebenzi emzimbeni wakho iminyaka futhi angabangeli zimpawu. Lapho amasosha akho omzimba ebuthakathaka, noma kunjalo, i-TB ingaqala ukusebenza.

Izimpawu ze-TB esebenzayo zifaka:

• ukukhwehlela igazi noma isikhwehlela
• ubuhlungu ngokukhwehlela
• ukukhathala okungachazeki
• imfiva
• ukujuluka ebusuku

I-TB ingadala imfiva ephikelelayo, ephansi, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, engadala ukujuluka ebusuku.

Udokotela angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi yi-purified protein derivative (PPD) test skin ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ungenwe yini ngamagciwane e-TB. Abantu okutholakala ukuthi banesifo sofuba esisebenzayo kufanele baphuze imishanguzo eminingana izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye ukuze belaphe ukutheleleka.

Izifo ezizimele

Ukushisa komzimba kutholakale kuphakanyisiwe kwabanye abantu abanezifo ezingama-autoimmune ezingamahlalakhona, njenge-multiple sclerosis kanye nesifo samathambo.

Kwesinye, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ababambiqhaza abanefomu ye-MS ebizwa ngokuthi ukubuyela emuva kwe-MS abakhononda ngokukhathala babenomkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi.

Umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi futhi uwuphawu oluvamile lwe-RA. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwamalunga.

Ukuhlonza i-RA ne-MS kungathatha isikhathi futhi kungadinga ukuhlolwa kwelebhu okuningi namathuluzi wokuxilonga. Uma usuvele utholakale une-RA noma i-MS, udokotela wakho uzofuna kuqala ukukhipha okunye ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma ibhaktheriya njengesizathu esingaba yimbangela yomkhuhlane wakho.

Uma kwenzeka kunomkhuhlane ohlobene ne-RA- noma i-MS, udokotela cishe uzoncoma ukuthi uphuze uketshezi oluningi, ususe izendlalelo ezengeziwe zezingubo, futhi uthathe imishanguzo engewona ama-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) noma i-acetaminophen kuze kudlule umkhuhlane.

Izinkinga ze-thyroid

I-Subacute thyroiditis ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo. Kungadala umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi kwezinye izimo. I-Thyroiditis ingabangelwa ukutheleleka, imisebe, ukuhlukumezeka, izimo ezizimele, noma imithi.

Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• ukukhathala
• ubumnene eduze kwendlala yegilo
• ubuhlungu bentamo obuvame ukuphuma kuze kufike endlebeni

Udokotela angathola i-thyroiditis ngokuhlolwa kwentamo nokuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa amazinga we-hormone yegilo.

Umdlavuza

Amanye umdlavuza - ama-lymphomas kanye nama-leukemias ikakhulukazi - angadala umkhuhlane ophansi futhi ongachazeki webanga eliphansi. Hlala wazi ukuthi ukuxilongwa komdlavuza akuvamile futhi umkhuhlane uyisimpawu esingaqondile somdlavuza. Ukuba nemfiva eqhubekayo akuvamile ukuthi usho ukuthi unomdlavuza, kodwa kungazisa udokotela wakho ukuthi enze izivivinyo ezithile.

Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile ze-leukemia noma i-lymphoma zifaka:

• ukukhathala okungapheli
• ubuhlungu bamathambo namalunga
• ama-lymph node akhulisiwe
• ikhanda
• ukuncipha kwesisindo okungaqondakali
• ukujuluka ebusuku
• ubuthakathaka
• ukuphefumula
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla

Ngokuya ngohlobo nesigaba somdlavuza, udokotela angancoma inhlanganisela yamakhemikhali, imisebe, ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ukwelapha umkhuhlane ophansi ophansi

Imfiva ngokuvamile izohamba yodwa. Imithi ye-over-the-counter (OTC) ingasiza ekwehliseni umkhuhlane, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kungcono ukukhipha umkhuhlane omncane onamanzi kanye nokuphumula.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthatha umuthi we-OTC, ungakhetha phakathi kwe-acetaminophen kanye ne-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) efana ne-ibuprofen, i-aspirin ne-naproxen.

Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu, biza udokotela wakho kuqala ngaphambi kokuzinika noma imuphi umuthi.

Ezinganeni, i-acetaminophen ne-ibuprofen ngokuvamile ziphephile ekwehliseni umkhuhlane. Ungaziniki i-aspirin izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ezilulama ezinkingeni ezinjengomkhuhlane ngoba zingadala isifo esibi esibizwa ngeReye’s syndrome.

Uma ingane yakho ingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyinika i-naproxen.

Entsheni nasebekhulile, i-acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, ne-aspirin ngokuvamile kuphephile ukuyisebenzisa ngokuyalelwa kwelebula.

Uyini umbono?

Imfiva eminingi esezingeni eliphansi futhi emnene ayikhathazeki ngayo.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho uma uke waba nomkhuhlane isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu uqondile, noma umkhuhlane wakho uhambisana nezimpawu ezinzima njengokuhlanza, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuqubuka, ukuvuvukala komphimbo, noma intamo eqinile.

Kunzima ukwazi ukuthi kufanele ubize udokotela nini ngengane noma ingane encane. Ngokuvamile, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma ingane yakho ingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala futhi inemfiva nhlobo. Uma ingane yakho indala kunalokho, akudingeki ukuthi ubonane nodokotela ngaphandle kwalapho imfiva igijima ngaphezu kuka-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) noma ihlala ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu.

Qhubeka nokuqapha ukushisa kwengane yakho usuku lonke. Amazinga okushisa angokomzimba ngokuvamile anembe kakhulu. Shayela ihhovisi likadokotela wezingane uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi wenzeni.