Izimbangela Ezingaba khona ze-Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

-Delile

• Isizathu 1: Amasosha omzimba
• Isizathu 2: Izakhi zofuzo
• Isizathu 3: Imvelo
• Isizathu 4: Ukutheleleka
• Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi
• Yini engabangela izimpawu ze-MS?
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukubhema
• Ukushisa
• Imithi
• Ukungalali
• Izifo
• Ukwelashwa kwe-MS
• Ukuthatha

Ukuqonda i-multiple sclerosis (MS)

I-Multiple sclerosis (MS) yisifo esiqhubekayo sezinzwa esingathinta uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi (CNS).

Njalo lapho uthatha isinyathelo, ucwayiza, noma uhambisa ingalo yakho, i-CNS yakho iyasebenza. Izigidi zamaseli emizwa ebuchosheni zithumela amasiginali kuwo wonke umzimba ukulawula lezi zinqubo nemisebenzi:

• ukunyakaza
• ukuzwa
• inkumbulo
• ukuqonda
• inkulumo

Amaseli emithambo exhumana ngokuthumela amasiginali kagesi ngemicu yezinzwa. Isendlalelo esibizwa ngokuthi i-myelin sheath sihlanganisa futhi sivikele le micu. Lokho kuvikela kuqinisekisa ukuthi iseli ngalinye lezinzwa lifinyelela kahle kulokho okuhlosiwe.

Kubantu abane-MS, amaseli omzimba ahlasela ngephutha futhi alimaze i-myelin sheath. Lo monakalo uholela ekuphazanyisweni kwezimpawu zesibindi.

Izimpawu zezinzwa ezonakalisiwe zingadala izimpawu eziqeda amandla, kufaka phakathi:

• izinkinga zokuhamba nokuxhumanisa
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• ukukhathala
• izinkinga zokubona

I-MS ithinta wonke umuntu ngokuhlukile. Ubukhulu besifo nezinhlobo zezimpawu kuyahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-MS, futhi imbangela, izimpawu, ukuqhubeka kokukhubazeka kungahluka.

Imbangela ngqo ye-MS ayaziwa. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kunezici ezine ezingadlala indima ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo.

Isizathu 1: Amasosha omzimba

I-MS ibhekwa njengesifo esilawulwa amasosha omzimba: Amasosha omzimba asebenza kabi futhi ahlasela i-CNS. Abaphenyi bayazi ukuthi umgogodla we-myelin uthinteka ngqo, kodwa abazi ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasele i-myelin.

Ucwaningo lapho amaseli omzimba abhekene nalokhu kuhlaselwa kuyaqhubeka. Ososayensi bafuna ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi la maseli ahlasele. Bafuna nezindlela zokulawula noma zokumisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

Isizathu 2: Izakhi zofuzo

Izakhi zofuzo eziningi kukholakala ukuthi zidlala indima ku-MS. Ithuba lakho lokuthuthukisa i-MS liphakeme kancane uma isihlobo esiseduze, njengomzali noma ingane yakini, sinesifo.

Ngokusho kweNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, uma umzali oyedwa noma ingane yakini ene-MS, amathuba okuthola lesi sifo alinganiselwa ukuthi angaba amaphesenti ama-2,5 kuya kwangu-5 e-United States. Amathuba womuntu ojwayelekile acishe abe ngamaphesenti ayi-0.1.

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi abantu abane-MS bazalwa benokuthambekela kofuzo ekuphenduleni kwabasebenzeli bezemvelo abathile abangaziwa. Impendulo yokuzimela ibangelwa lapho behlangana nalezi zinxusa.

Isizathu 3: Imvelo

Izazi ze-Epidemiologists zibone ukwanda kwephethini yamacala e-MS emazweni akude kakhulu ne-equator. Lokhu kuhlangana kwenza abanye bakholelwe ukuthi uvithamini D angadlala indima. Uvithamini D uzuzisa ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba.

Abantu abahlala eduze nenkabazwe bathola ukukhanya kwelanga okwengeziwe. Ngenxa yalokho, imizimba yabo ikhiqiza uvithamini D omningi.

Lapho isikhumba sakho sivezwa ukukhanya kwelanga isikhathi eside, kulapho umzimba wakho ukhiqiza kakhulu uvithamini ngokwemvelo. Njengoba i-MS ithathwa njengesifo esilawulwa amasosha omzimba, uvithamini D nokuvezwa yilanga kungaxhunyaniswa nakho.

Isizathu 4: Ukutheleleka

Abaphenyi bacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi amabhaktheriya namagciwane angadala i-MS. Amagciwane ayaziwa ukuthi abangela ukuvuvukala nokuwohloka kwe-myelin. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi igciwane lingadala i-MS.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi amagciwane noma igciwane elinezinto ezifanayo kumaseli obuchopho lidale ukuthi amasosha omzimba akhombe ngephutha amangqamuzana obuchopho ajwayelekile njengawangaphandle futhi awabhubhise.

Kuphenywa amabhaktheriya amaningi kanye nama-virus ukuthola ukuthi abamba iqhaza yini ekwakhiweni kwe-MS. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• amagciwane esimungumungwane
• i-herpes virus-6, eholela ezimeni ezifana ne-roseola
• Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zingakhuphula namathuba akho okuthuthukisa i-MS. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ucansi. Abesifazane okungenani banamathuba aphindwe kabili kuya kathathu okuthi bahlakulele ukuphindaphinda-ukuhlenga i-multiple sclerosis (RRMS) kunamadoda. Ngefomu le-primary-progressive (PPMS), izinombolo zamadoda nabesifazane cishe zilingana.
• Ubudala. I-RRMS ivame ukuthinta abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-50. I-PPMS ivame ukuvela cishe eminyakeni eyi-10 kamuva kunezinye izinhlobo.
• Ubuhlanga. Abantu abavela enyakatho yeYurophu basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-MS.

Yini engabangela izimpawu ze-MS?

Kunezimbangela eziningi abantu abane-MS okufanele bazigweme.

Ukucindezeleka

Ukucindezeleka kungadala futhi kubhebhethekise izimpawu ze-MS. Imikhuba ekusiza ukuthi unciphise futhi ubhekane nengcindezi ingaba lusizo. Faka amasiko wokucindezela osukwini lwakho, njenge-yoga noma ukuzindla.

Ukubhema

Intuthu kagwayi ingangeza ekuqhubekeni kwe-MS. Uma ubhema, bheka izindlela eziphumelelayo zokuyeka ukubhema. Gwema ukuba phakathi kwabantu ababhemayo.

Ukushisa

Akuwona wonke umuntu obona umehluko ezimpawu ngenxa yokushisa, kepha gwema ilanga eliqondile noma ubhavu oshisayo uma uthola ukuthi usabela kuzo.

Imithi

Kunezindlela eziningana ukuthi umuthi ungazenza zibe zimbi izimpawu. Uma uthatha imishanguzo eminingi futhi ihlangana kabi, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bangakwazi ukunquma ukuthi iziphi izidakamizwa ezibalulekile nokuthi yiziphi ongakwazi ukuyeka ukuzidla.

Abanye abantu bayeka ukuthatha imishanguzo yabo ye-MS ngoba banemiphumela emibi kakhulu noma bakholelwa ukuthi ayisebenzi. Kodwa-ke, le mithi ibalulekile ukusiza ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva kanye nezilonda ezintsha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlala kuyo.

Ukungalali

Ukukhathala kuyisifo esivamile se-MS. Uma ungalali ngokwanele, lokhu kunganciphisa amandla akho nakakhulu.

Izifo

Ukusuka ezifweni zomgudu womchamo kuya emakhazeni noma emkhuhlane, ukutheleleka kungadala ukuthi izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi. Eqinisweni, ukutheleleka kubangela cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zazo zonke izimpawu ze-MS, ngokusho kweCleveland Clinic.

Ukwelashwa kwe-MS

Yize lungekho ikhambi le-MS, kunezinketho zokwelashwa ukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu ze-MS.

Isigaba sokwelashwa esivame kakhulu yi-corticosteroids, efana ne-oral prednisone (Prednisone Intensol, iRayos) kanye ne-methylprednisolone efakwa emithanjeni. Le mithi inciphisa ukuvuvukala kwemizwa.

Ezimweni ezingaphenduli kuma-steroids, abanye odokotela banquma ukushintshaniswa kwe-plasma. Kulokhu kwelashwa, ingxenye engamanzi yegazi lakho (i-plasma) iyasuswa bese ihlukaniswa namaseli akho egazi. Ibuye ixutshwe nesixazululo seprotheyini (i-albhamuin) bese ibuyiselwa emzimbeni wakho.

Izindlela zokwelapha eziguqula izifo ziyatholakala nge-RRMS ne-PPMS, kepha zingafaka izingozi ezinkulu zempilo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi ngabe yikuphi okulungele wena.

Ukuthatha

Yize okuningi okubangela nokuvimbela i-MS kuyimfihlakalo, okwaziwayo ukuthi labo abane-MS baphila impilo egcwele ngokugcwele. Lokhu kungumphumela wezinketho zokwelashwa kanye nokwenza ngcono okuphelele kwendlela yokuphila kanye nezinketho zezempilo.

Ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo, kwenziwa imizamo nsuku zonke ukusiza ukumisa ukuthuthuka kwe-MS.