Preeclampsia

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-preeclampsia?
• Izimpawu ze-preeclampsia
• Yini ukwelashwa kwe-preeclampsia?
• Ukulethwa
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• Ukwelashwa ngemuva kokubeletha
• Yiziphi izinkinga ze-preeclampsia?
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Kuyini i-preeclampsia?

I-Preeclampsia yilapho unengcindezi ephezulu yegazi futhi mhlawumbe namaprotheni emchameni wakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngemuva kokubeletha. Ungaba nezici zokujiya eziphansi egazini lakho noma izinkomba zenkinga yezinso noma yesibindi.

I-Preeclampsia ngokuvamile yenzeka ngemuva kweviki lama-20 lokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo kwenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi, noma ngemuva kokubeletha.

I-Eclampsia iyinqubekela phambili ebucayi ye-preeclampsia. Ngalesi simo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu uholela ekuqulekeni. Njenge-preeclampsia, i-eclampsia yenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma, kuyaqabukela, ngemuva kokubeletha.

Cishe kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe bathola i-preeclampsia.

Yini ebangela i-preeclampsia?

Odokotela abakakwazi ukuthola imbangela eyodwa eyodwa ye-preeclampsia, kodwa ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona ziyahlolwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• izici zofuzo
• izinkinga zomthambo wegazi
• ukuphazamiseka komzimba

Kukhona nezici zobungozi ezingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba ne-preeclampsia. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukukhulelwa imibungu eminingi
• ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-35
• ukuba seminyakeni eyishumi nambili
• ukukhulelwa okokuqala
• ukukhuluphala
• ukuba nomlando we-high blood pressure
• ukuba nomlando wesifo sikashukela
• ukuba nomlando wokuphazamiseka kwezinso

Akukho okungavimba ngokuqinisekile lesi simo. Odokotela bangancoma ukuthi abanye besifazane bathathe i-aspirin yezingane ngemuva kwe-trimester yabo yokuqala ukusiza ukuyivimbela.

Ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kusenesikhathi futhi kungaguquguquki kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuxilonga i-preeclampsia ngokushesha futhi agweme izinkinga. Ukuxilongwa kuzovumela udokotela wakho ukuthi akunikeze ukuqapha okufanele kuze kube usuku lwakho lokulethwa.

Izimpawu ze-preeclampsia

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ungahle ungaziboni izimpawu ze-preeclampsia. Uma uthuthukisa izimpawu, ezinye ezivamile zifaka:

• ikhanda eliqhubekayo
• ukuvuvukala okungajwayelekile ezandleni nasebusweni bakho
• ukuzuza kwesisindo ngokungazelelwe
• izinguquko kumbono wakho
• ubuhlungu esiswini sangakwesokudla

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba, udokotela wakho angathola ukuthi umfutho wegazi lakho ungama-140/90 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu. Ukuhlolwa komchamo nokuhlolwa kwegazi nakho kungakhombisa amaprotheni emchameni wakho, ama-enzyme wesibindi angajwayelekile, namazinga aphansi eplatelet.

Ngaleso sikhathi, udokotela wakho angenza isivivinyo sokungacindezeli ukuqapha umbungu. Ukuhlolwa okungacindezeli ukuhlolwa okulula okulinganisa ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane liguquka kanjani lapho umbungu uhamba. I-ultrasound nayo ingenziwa ukuhlola amazinga akho oketshezi nempilo yombungu.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-preeclampsia?

Ukwelashwa okunconywayo kwe- preeclampsia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukulethwa kwengane. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kuvimbela ukuthi isifo siqhubekele phambili.

Ukulethwa

Uma usevikini lama-37 noma kamuva, udokotela wakho angahle akhuthaze abasebenzi. Kuleli qophelo, ingane isikhule ngokwanele futhi ayithathwa njengeyangaphambi kwesikhathi.

Uma une-preeclampsia ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-37, udokotela wakho uzobheka impilo yakho neyengane yakho ekunqumeni isikhathi sokulethwa kwakho. Lokhu kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi iminyaka yokukhulelwa kwengane yakho, noma ngabe ukubeletha sekuqalile noma cha, nokuthi isifo sesiqine kangakanani.

Ukulethwa kwengane ne-placenta kufanele kuxazulule isimo.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Kwezinye izimo, unganikezwa imithi yokusiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi.Unganikezwa nemishanguzo yokuvimbela ukuquleka, inkinga engenzeka ye-preeclampsia.

Udokotela wakho angafuna ukukungenisa esibhedlela ukuze ubhekwe ngokuphelele. Unganikezwa imishanguzo efakwa emithanjeni (IV) yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi noma imijovo ye-steroid ukusiza amaphaphu engane yakho akhule ngokushesha.

Ukuphathwa kwe-preeclampsia kuqondiswa ukuthi ngabe lesi sifo sithathwa njengesincane noma esibi. Izimpawu ze-preeclampsia ezinzima zifaka:

• izinguquko ezingeni lokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane elikhombisa usizi
• ubuhlungu besisu
• isithuthwane
• ukusebenza kahle kwezinso noma kwesibindi
• uketshezi emaphashini

Kufanele ubone udokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu noma izimpawu ezingavamile ngesikhathi ukhulelwe. Ukukhathazeka kwakho okuyinhloko kufanele kube impilo yakho nempilo yengane yakho.

Ukwelashwa ngemuva kokubeletha

Lapho nje ingane ibelethiwe, izimpawu ze-preeclampsia kufanele zixazulule. Ngokwe-American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, iningi labesifazane lizoba nokufundwa komfutho wegazi ojwayelekile emahoreni angama-48 ngemuva kokubeletha.

Futhi, kutholile ukuthi kwabesifazane abaningi abane-preeclampsia, ukuxazulula izimpawu nokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso kubuyela kokujwayelekile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, umfutho wegazi ungaphakama futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokubeletha. Ngalesi sizathu, ukunakekelwa okusondelene nodokotela wakho nokuhlolwa umfutho wegazi okujwayelekile kubalulekile noma ngabe ubeletha ingane yakho.

Yize kungavamile, i-preeclampsia ingenzeka esikhathini sokubeletha ngemuva kokukhulelwa okujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nangemva kokukhulelwa okungenzima, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho uma usanda kuba nomntwana futhi uqaphele izimpawu ezibalulwe ngenhla.

Yiziphi izinkinga ze-preeclampsia?

I-Preeclampsia yisimo esibi kakhulu. Kungasongela impilo yomama nengane uma kushiywe kungalashwa. Ezinye izinkinga zingabandakanya:

• izinkinga zokopha ngenxa yamazinga aphansi eplatelet
• ukuqhuma kweplasenta (ukuqhekeka kweplasenta kusuka odongeni lwesibeletho)
• ukulimala kwesibindi
• ukwehluleka kwezinso
• i-edema yamaphaphu

Izinkinga zengane zingenzeka futhi uma zizalwe kusenesikhathi ngenxa yemizamo yokuxazulula i-preeclampsia.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukugcina wena nengane yakho niphilile ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuthatha amavithamini angaphambi kokubeletha nge-folic acid, nokuya ekuhlolweni njalo kokubeletha.

Kepha noma ngabe unakekelwa kahle, izimo ezingenakugwenywa njenge-preeclampsia kwesinye isikhathi zingavela, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngemuva kokubeletha. Lokhu kungaba yingozi kini nobabili nasenganeni yakho.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ongazenza ukunciphisa ubungozi be-preeclampsia nangezimpawu zokuxwayisa. Uma kunesidingo, bangakudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezokwelapha womama nabakhulelwe ukuthola ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe.