I-Mitral valve prolapse: iyini, ungayikhomba kanjani futhi uyiphathe kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ingabe i-mitral valve prolapse inzima?
• Izimbangela ze-mitral valve prolapse
• Ungayixilonga kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-mitral valve prolapse inguquko ekhona ku-mitral valve, eyi-valve yenhliziyo eyakhiwe amapheshana amabili, okuthi, uma ivaliwe, ihlukanise i-atrium engakwesokunxele ne-ventricle engakwesokunxele senhliziyo.

I-mitral valve prolapse ibonakala ngokwehluleka ukuvala amapheshana e-mitral, lapho elilodwa noma womabili amapheshana angabonisa ukufuduka okungavamile ngesikhathi sokuvinjelwa kwe-ventricle engakwesokunxele. Lokhu kuvalwa okungavamile kungenza kube lula ukudlula kwegazi okungafanele kusuka ku-ventricle engakwesobunxele kuya ku-atrium yesobunxele, eyaziwa njenge-mitral regurgitation.

Kuyinto eguqukayo ejwayelekile futhi ezimweni eziningi ayiqondakali futhi ayilimazi impilo, futhi kungenzeka kwabesilisa nabesifazane.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ezimweni eziningi, i-mitral valve prolapse i-asymptomatic futhi itholakala ngesikhathi se-echocardiogram ejwayelekile. Lapho ukutholwa kwe-ultrasound kwe-prolapse kuhlotshaniswa nokuba khona kwezimpawu nokuthokozisa kwenhliziyo ukububula, kuyaziwa njenge-mitral prolapse syndrome.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ezingakhombisa ukuthi i-mitral valve prolapse ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuba buthakathaka nokuphefumula okuncane ngemuva kokuzikhandla, ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni nasekuphefumuleni kanzima ngenkathi ulele phansi. Funda ngezinye izimpawu ze-mitral valve prolapse.

Ingabe i-mitral valve prolapse inzima?

Ukwehla kwe-mitral valve ezimweni eziningi akunzima futhi akunazimpawu, ngakho-ke akufanele kuthinte indlela yokuphila ngendlela engafanele. Lapho kuvela izimpawu, zingelashwa futhi zilawulwe ngemithi nangokuhlinzwa. Cishe i-1% yeziguli ezine-mitral valve prolapse ezokwenza inkinga ibe yimbi kakhulu, futhi ingadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuguqulwe i-valve ngokuzayo.

Lapho i-mitral prolapse inkulu kakhulu, kunengozi enkulu yegazi ukubuyela e-atrium yesobunxele, engahle yenze isimo sibe sibi kakhulu. Kulokhu, uma ingalashwa ngendlela efanele, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinjengokutheleleka kwamavalvu enhliziyo, ukuvuza okukhulu kwe-mitral valve kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ngama-arrhythmias abukhali.

Izimbangela ze-mitral valve prolapse

Ukwehla kwe-mitral valve kungenzeka ngenxa yokushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo, kudluliswa kusuka kubazali kuya ezinganeni, kuthathwa njengezizathu zofuzo, noma ngenxa yezimbangela ezingaziwa, kuvela ngaphandle kwesizathu (imbangela eyinhloko).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-mitral valve prolapse ingenzeka ngenxa yokuhlangana nezinye izifo, njenge-Maritima's syndrome, isifo senhliziyo, i-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, izifo ezinzima, isifo sezinso se-polycystic kanye ne-rheumatic fever. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve.

Ungayixilonga kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-mitral valve prolapse kwenziwa ngudokotela wenhliziyo ngokuya ngomlando nezimpawu zomtholampilo zesiguli, ngaphezu kwezivivinyo ezifana ne-echocardiography kanye ne-auscultation yenhliziyo, lapho kuhlolwa khona ukunyakaza kokuncipha nokuphumula kwenhliziyo.

Ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo, umsindo ophumayo owaziwa ngokuthi i-mesosystolic click uzwakala ngemuva nje kokuqala kokuncipha kwe-ventricle. Uma igazi libuyela e-atrium engakwesokunxele ngenxa yokuvalwa okungalungile kwe-valve, ukububula kwenhliziyo kungazwakala ngemuva nje kokuchofoza.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-mitral valve prolapse imvamisa akudingeki uma kungekho zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, lapho kuvela izimpawu, odokotela bezinhliziyo bangancoma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile ukulawula izimpawu, njengezidakamizwa ezilwa nesigqi, ngokwesibonelo, ezisiza ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile nokuvimbela i-tachycardia ye-ventricular engenzeka kwezinye izimo ezingavamile ze-mitral valve prolapse.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwelapha kunganconywa ukusiza ukususa uketshezi oluningi olubuyela emaphashini, ama-beta-blockers, uma kwenzeka ukushaya kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu, kanye nama-anticoagulants, asiza ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho kunokuvuza okukhulu kwegazi ku-atrium yesobunxele, ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukulungisa noma ukufaka i-mitral valve.