I-Rheumatoid Arthritis Namaphaphu: Okufanele Ukwazi

-Delile

• Isibazi samaphaphu
• Amaqhuqhuva emaphaphu
• Isifo sePleural
• Ukuvinjelwa komoya omncane
• Izici zobungozi
• Ingabe lokhu kuthinta isikhathi sokuphila?
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Okubalulekile

I-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) isifo esivuthayo sokuzivikela somzimba esingathinti amalunga akho kuphela, kodwa nezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, singathinta nezitho zakho - kubandakanya namaphaphu akho.

Sizohlola izindlela ezingenzeka ukuthi i-RA isebenze emaphashini akho ukuze ukwazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Isibazi samaphaphu

Isifo samaphaphu sangaphakathi (isibazi samaphaphu) senzeka kubantu abacishe babe ngu-1 kwabayishumi abane-RA, ngokusho kwe-Arthritis Foundation.

Isibazi sisho izicubu zamaphaphu ezilimele, ezingenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kusuka ekuvukeleni okubangelwa yi-RA. Njengoba ukuvuvukala kuqhubeka, umzimba uqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana amaphaphu, okuholela kulolu hlobo lomonakalo osabalele.

Ukulimala kwamaphaphu kungaholela ezinkingeni zokuphefumula kanye nezimpawu ezihlobene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukukhwehlela okungapheli
• ukukhathala ngokweqile
• ubuthakathaka
• ukunciphisa ukudla
• ukuncipha kwesisindo ngokungenhloso

Kungenzeka ukuthi uma uqala ukuhlangabezana nezimpawu, amaphaphu akho asevele enenani elikhulu lokuvuvukala okungapheli.

Kodwa-ke, lapho uthola ukuthi usheshe watholakala, usheshe uqale ukwelashwa ukugwema ukuqhubeka kwezifo nokuvimbela izibazi. Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa, udokotela wakho uzohle ahlele ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wamaphaphu, kanye ne-X-ray noma i-CT scan yamaphaphu.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha isikhumba samaphaphu esivela ku-RA ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho nge-RA kufinyelela ezingeni elifanele. Ngokwelapha ukuvuvukala okuyisisekelo ngempumelelo, kunethuba eliphakeme lokuthi amangqamuzana akho emaphaphu anempilo ngeke athinteke.

Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen kungasiza uma ubhekene nobuthakathaka obuningi nekhwalithi yempilo encishisiwe. Ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu kunganconywa emacaleni abucayi ngokwengeziwe njengesinqumo sokugcina.

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, isibazi samaphaphu singasongela impilo.

Amaqhuqhuva emaphaphu

Amaqhuqhuva ayizixuku eziqinile, ezingenalo umdlavuza kwesinye isikhathi ezikhula ezithweni nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ukuba namaqhuqhuva emaphaphu (pulmonary) akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Amaqhuqhuva emaphaphu mancane, ngakho-ke awabonakali kakhulu. Eqinisweni, iCleveland Clinic ilinganisela ukuthi amaqhuqhuva aphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-1.2 ububanzi. Zibuye zivame ngokweqile, noma ngabe i-RA ikhona yini.

Amaqhuqhuva emaphaphu awavezi zimpawu ezibonakalayo. Zivame ukutholakala ngenkathi kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging kwezinye izindaba. Isisindo esikhulu noma isisindo esinamaphethelo angajwayelekile kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Amaqhuqhuva emaphaphu awadingi ukususwa ngaphandle kokuthi kube nokusola ngomdlavuza.

Njengokunqamuka kwamaphaphu, indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuvimbela amaqhuqhuva emaphaphu abangelwa yi-RA ukwelapha ukuvuvukala okuyisisekelo okuletha lezi zinkinga ezihlobene.

Isifo sePleural

Isifo se-Pleural (effusion) senzeka lapho i-pleura, noma izicubu ezithambile (ulwelwesi) oluzungeze amaphaphu akho, zivutha. Imvamisa, lolu hlobo lokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu lwenzeka kanye nokwakheka kuketshezi phakathi kolwelwesi oluzungeze izicubu zamaphaphu nodonga lwesifuba (olwaziwa ngokuthi indawo yokucela).

Ezimweni ezincane, isifo se-pleural asibi kakhulu ngokwanele ukudala izimpawu. Eqinisweni, ukwakheka okuncane kuketshezi kungahamba ngokwakho. Kepha uma kunokwakhiwa okukhulu ngokwanele, ungaqala ukuthola ukuphefumula okuncane noma ubuhlungu lapho uphefumula futhi udinga ukwelashwa.

Kwesinye isikhathi isifo se-pleural singadala nomkhuhlane.

Ukwakhiwa koketshezi olukhulu okuvela esifo se-pleural kudinga ukwelashwa ukususa inani eliningi loketshezi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngeshubhu lesifuba noma ngenaliti, ekhipha uketshezi endaweni yesikhala.

Ukwelashwa kungaphindwa lapho kudingeka uma isifo se-pleural sibangela ukwanda okwengeziwe ketshezi esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuvinjelwa komoya omncane

I-RA futhi ingaholela ekuvukeleni ngaphakathi kwomoya omncane wamaphaphu akho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuvuvukala okungapheli kule ndawo kungadala ukuqina kule migwaqo yomoya futhi kuholele ekuvalekeni kwamafinyila emaphashini akho. Lokhu kwaziwa njengokuvinjelwa okuncane komoya.

Ezinye izimpawu zokuvinjelwa komoya omncane zingabandakanya ukukhwehlela okomile, ukuphefumula okuncane nokukhathala.

Ngenkathi ukwelashwa kweRA kungavimbela ukuvinjelwa okuncane komoya, akunikezi ukukhululeka ngokushesha kulesi simo samaphaphu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nama-inhalers wokutakula noma ama-bronchodilators angasiza ukuvula imigwaqo yomoya futhi aqinisekise ukuphefumula okushelelayo.

Izici zobungozi

Ngenkathi i-RA ingumnikeli oyinhloko, ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zingakhuphula amathuba akho ezifo zamaphaphu ezihlobene ne-RA. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukubhema
• ukuba ngowesilisa
• ukuba neminyaka engama-50 kuya kwengama-60 ubudala
• ukuba ne-RA esebenzayo noma engasebenzi

Ingabe lokhu kuthinta isikhathi sokuphila?

I-RA uqobo inganciphisa ubude bempilo yakho ngenxa yezinkinga ezivela ekuvukeleni okubanzi.

Ngokusho kwephephabhuku, isikhathi esiphakathi kweminyaka yokuphila kwabantu sehla ngeminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengu-11 uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abangenayo i-RA uma lesi sifo singelashwa kahle.

Izinkinga ezivela ku-RA njengesifo samaphaphu kungenye yezindlela i-RA enganciphisa ngayo isikhathi sakho sokuphila jikelele.

Izifo zamaphaphu zizodwa zinganciphisa ubude bempilo yakho ngoba zingavimbela ukunikezwa komoya-mpilo obalulekile kuzo zonke izitho zakho zomzimba nezicubu zomzimba. Ngokusho kweNational Rheumatoid Arthritis Society, isifo samaphaphu siba sesibili ngokulandela isifo senhliziyo sazo zonke izimbangela zokufa ezihlobene no-RA.

Ukuphatha i-RA yakho kungenye yezindlela onganciphisa ngayo ubungozi bezifo zamaphaphu ezihlobene. Ungasiza futhi ukugcina amaphaphu akho enempilo ngokuyeka ukubhema, ngokugwema amakhemikhali anobuthi nomusi, nokuzivocavoca njalo.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ukuvakashelwa njalo. Kodwa-ke, awufuni ukulinda ukuvakasha kwakho okuvamile uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezintsha noma ezingavamile. Bona udokotela wakho mayelana nesifo samaphaphu esingavela ku-RA uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinjengezi:

• ukuphefumula okubuhlungu
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuzivocavoca umzimba
• ukukhwehlela okungapheli
• ukwanda kobuthakathaka nokukhathala
• izinguquko zokudla
• ukuncipha okungazelelwe kwesisindo
• imfiva engalapheki

Ngokushesha lapho udokotela wakho azi ngezimpawu obhekene nazo, ngokushesha angakwazi ukukuxilonga futhi akwelaphele isifo samaphaphu esingaba khona.

Okubalulekile

I-RA ithinta kakhulu amalunga, kepha ingaletha ezinye izinkinga zokuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho wonke, kufaka phakathi amaphaphu akho.

Ukuba nesifo samaphaphu kunciphisa ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila futhi kunganciphisa nesikhathi sokuphila kwakho. Noma yiziphi izinkinga zokuphefumula kufanele zibhekiswe nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuvimbela izinkinga ezihlobene namaphaphu.