Izingozi Eziyinhloko Zokuhlolwa Kokugqama

-Delile

• Izingozi eziyinhloko
• 1. Ukusabela okweqile komzimba
• 2. Imiphumela enobuthi yento
• 3. Ukusabela kwesistimu
• Izibonelo zokuhlolwa ngokuqhathanisa

Izivivinyo zokuqhathanisa, ezibizwa nangokuthi izivivinyo zokuqhathanisa, izivivinyo zokucabanga ezenziwe ngokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisiza ukuthola incazelo engcono yezithombe ezakhiwe, ezisiza ukuhlolwa kukadokotela.

Lezi zinto zibizwa ngokuthi "imidiya yokuqhathanisa", njengoba zikwazi ukuthola imisebe ye-ionizing kusuka esivivinyweni futhi ikhiqize izithombe ezichaziwe kusikrini sedivayisi. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuqhathanisa, ezinokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuhlukahlukene, okufana ne-barium sulfate, umehluko we-iodine noma i-gadolinium, ngokwesibonelo, ezikhethwa ngokuya ngesivivinyo esizokwenziwa, esingenziwa ngomlomo, ngemithambo yegazi noma ngomjovo womgodi oyifunayo .

Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zayo, ukusetshenziswa kokuqhathaniswa kwezivivinyo kuqukethe izingozi, ikakhulu ezibanga imiphumela emibi njengokungezwani komzimba, ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi noma ukudakwa kwezinso nenhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kufanele zisetshenziswe ezimweni ezithile kuphela , ngesibonakaliso esanele sezokwelapha.

Izingozi eziyinhloko

Yize izivivinyo ngokuqhathanisa zivame ukuphepha ngokwengeziwe, futhi odokotela bakwazi kangcono ukuhlola ukuthi ngubani okufanele akwenze nokungafanele akwenze, kungenzeka ukuthi lezi zivivinyo zingadala izingozi ezithile zempilo. Eminye yemiphumela emibi emibi ibandakanya:

1. Ukusabela okweqile komzimba

Ebizwa nangokuthi i-anaphylaxis, lokhu kuphendula kubonakala ngokuvela kwezidleke, ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, ukwehla kwengcindezi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, i-bronchospasm ne-glottis edema. Ukusabela okweqile ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kokuqhathanisa kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngudokotela esibhedlela, ngoba kubonisa ingozi enkulu empilweni yomuntu othintekile.

Enye indlela yokuzama ukugwema lolu hlobo lokuphendula ukubuza ukuthi ngabe umuntu unalo yini uhlobo lokungezwani komzimba, futhi kujwayelekile nokuthi odokotela bakhombise ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezilwa negciwane ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okuthile okunengozi enkulu, njengama-antihistamine noma ama-corticosteroids .

2. Imiphumela enobuthi yento

Umehluko ungaba nomthelela onobuthi emzimbeni, futhi okunye ukusabela kufaka imiphumela eqondile egazini, njengokuncipha kwengcindezi noma ukuvuvukala kwesiza sokufaka isicelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into ingadala imiphumela eqondile yobuthi ezithweni ezithile, okungahle kube:

• Isikhumba: ubuhlungu esizeni sokufaka isicelo, ububomvu, ukuvuvukala noma ukwakheka kwesigaxa;
• Isisu namathumbu: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza noma isifo sohudo;
• Izinso: ukunciphisa ukwakheka komchamo noma ukwehluleka kwezinso;
• Ubuchopho: ikhanda, isiyezi, ukudideka kwengqondo noma ukuquleka;
• Amaphaphu: ukuphefumula okuncane, i-bronchospasm noma ukubangela ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya;
• Inhliziyo: ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi, i-arrhythmias, ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo.

Ngokuvamile, le miphumela ihlobene nomthamo noma ukugxilwa kwento yokuqhathanisa esetshenzisiwe, futhi ingahluka ngokuya ngejubane lokumnika nangendlela yokusetshenziswa kwento leyo, kungaba ngomlomo noma nge-venous, ngokwesibonelo.

3. Ukusabela kwesistimu

Eyaziwa nangokuthi ukusabela kwe-vasomotor noma imithambo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, akubangelwa ngqo ngumahluko osetshenzisiwe futhi imbangela yawo ayaziwa, imvamisa ihlotshaniswa nokukhathazeka noma ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kwayo, okubangela izinto ezithile ohlelweni lwezinzwa nemithambo yegazi.

Lokhu kusabela kufaka phakathi ukwehla komfutho wegazi, ukwehla kwenhliziyo, ukuquleka, ukudideka kwengqondo, ukucwilisa noma ukujuluka okubandayo, isibonelo.

Izibonelo zokuhlolwa ngokuqhathanisa

Ezinye zezivivinyo ezinkulu ezisetshenziswe ngokuqhathanisa yilezi:

• I-tomography ebaliwe: kuvame ukwenziwa ngokungafani ne-iodine, okusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthola izilonda ezithweni zomzimba, njengobuchopho, amaphaphu, isibindi, i-gallbladder, amanyikwe, amathambo noma udonga lwesisu, isibonelo, ikakhulukazi izicubu, ukutheleleka noma izinguquko emithanjeni yegazi. Thola imininingwane eminingi yokuthi kwenziwa kanjani nokuthi iyini i-computed tomography;
• Ukucabanga kwemagnetic resonance: I-Gadolinium ivame ukusetshenziswa njengokuqhathanisa, ukuba yisivivinyo esisetshenziselwa ukuthola ukulimala kobuchopho noma komgogodla, kanye nasezingxenyeni ezithambile zomzimba ezifana nemisipha, amalunga nemithambo yegazi;
• I-Angiography: umehluko we-iodine yiwona osetshenziswe kakhulu kulesi sivivinyo, esivumela umbono ongcono wangaphakathi wemithambo yegazi nokubona izifo ezifana ne-aneurysms noma i-arteriosclerosis, isibonelo. Qonda ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani nokuthi i-angiography yenzelwe ini;
• I-Urography: kungenye yezivivinyo ezikuvumela ukuba ubone ngeso lengqondo ukwakheka komgudu wokuchama futhi uhlole amandla okusebenza kwezinso;
• I-Scintigraphy: kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-scintigraphy, zezitho ezihlukene zomzimba, futhi kwenziwa ukuhlolwa ukubona ushintsho olusebenzayo ezithweni ezifana nenhliziyo, amathambo, amaphaphu, i-thyroid noma ubuchopho, isibonelo. Ngokuqhathanisa, kusetshenziswa izinto ezahlukahlukene, ezinye zazo eziyinhloko kube i-technetium ne-gallium;
• Ukufundwa kwemisebe yomgudu wamathumbu emathunjini: kunezivivinyo eziningana ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlola umgudu wokugaya ukudla, okuvame ukusebenzisa i-barium sulfate njengokuqhathanisa, phakathi kwawo i-opaque enema, i-seriography noma i-radiography ehlukile, ngokwesibonelo;
• Cholangiography: luhlobo lwe-tomography olwenziwe ukuhlola ipheshana le-biliary, futhi ukusetshenziswa kokuqhathaniswa kwe-iodinated kuvamile.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kunokunye ukuhlolwa okuningi okungenziwa ngosizo lokuqhathanisa, njengemammography ukuhlola ushintsho ekusakazeni kwebele noma i-hysterosalpingography ukuhlola uhlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane, ngokwesibonelo, okufanele lukhonjiswe ngudokotela ngokwezidingo zomuntu ngamunye.