Kungani Ikhala Lami Ligijima Lapho Ngidla?

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Izimpawu
• Izimbangela
• I-allergen rhinitis
• I-nononallergic rhinitis (i-NAR)
• I-rustitis ebabayo
• I-Vasomotor rhinitis (VMR)
• I-rhinitis exubile
• Ukuxilongwa
• Ukwelashwa
• Uma imbangela iyi-rhinitis yokungezwani
• Uma imbangela ukungezwani kokudla
• Uma imbangela i-rhinitis exubile
• Ukuvimbela
• Izinkinga
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukubuka konke

Amakhala agijimela zonke izinhlobo zezizathu, kufaka phakathi ukutheleleka, ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile ezicasulayo.

Igama lezokwelapha lephunga eligijimayo noma eligudlukayo yi-rhinitis. I-Rhinitis ichazwa kabanzi njengenhlanganisela yezimpawu, kufaka phakathi:

• ikhala eligijimayo
• ukuthimula
• isiminyaminya
• ukulunywa ngamakhala
• isikhwehlela emphinjeni

I-gustatory rhinitis yigama lezokwelapha lekhala eligijimayo elibangelwa ukudla. Ukudla okuthile, ikakhulukazi okushisayo nokubabayo, kuyizimbangela ezaziwayo.

Izimpawu

Ezinye izimpawu ezingahambisana nekhala eligijimayo ngemuva kokudla zifaka:

• ukuminyana noma ukugcwala
• ukuthimula
• ukukhipha okucacile
• phlegm emphinjeni, okwaziwa ngokuthi i-postnasal drip
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• ukunwaya amakhala

Izimbangela

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-rhinitis zihlotshaniswa nezimbangela ezahlukahlukene.

I-allergen rhinitis

I-allergen rhinitis iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-rhinitis. Abantu abaningi babhekana namakhala agijimayo avela kuma-allergen emoyeni, njenge:

• impova
• isikhunta
• uthuli
• ragweed

Lezi zinhlobo zokwaliwa komzimba zivame ukuba ngesizini ethile. Izimpawu zingafika zidlule, kepha ngokuvamile ziba zimbi kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.

Abantu abaningi banempendulo yokungezwani namakati nezinja. Ngesikhathi sokuphendula okunjalo, izivikeli mzimba ziphendula into oyihogelile, kudala izimpawu ezifana nokuminyana nekhala eligobayo.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukungezwani kokudla kuyimbangela yekhala lakho eligijimayo. Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nokudla zingahluka zisuke komoya omnene ziye kwesinzima, kepha zivame ukubandakanya okungaphezu kokuminyana kwamakhala. Izimpawu zivame ukufaka:

• isifuba
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• inkinga yokugwinya
• isifuba
• ukuhlanza
• ukuvuvukala kolimi
• isiyezi

Ukungezwani komzimba okuvamile nokungabekezelelani kufaka:

• amakinati namantongomane ezihlahla
• izimbaza nezinhlanzi
• i-lactose (ubisi)
• i-gluten
• amaqanda

I-nononallergic rhinitis (i-NAR)

I-Nonallergic rhinitis (i-NAR) iyimbangela eyinhloko yekhala elihlobene nokudla. Lolu hlobo lwekhala eligijimayo alubandakanyi impendulo yesistimu yomzimba, kepha kunalokho, lubangelwa uhlobo oluthile lokucasula.

I-NAR ayiqondakali kabanzi njenge-allergen rhinitis, ngakho-ke ivame ukungaqondakali kahle.

I-NAR ukuxilongwa kokukhishwa inyumbazane, okusho ukuthi uma udokotela wakho engakwazi ukuthola esinye isizathu sekhala lakho eligijima, bangakuthola ukuthi une-NAR. Izimbangela ezivamile ze-nonallergenic zempumu egijimayo zifaka:

• iphunga elicasulayo
• ukudla okuthile
• izinguquko zezulu
• intuthu kagwayi

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-nonallergic rhinitis, eziningi zazo ezinezimpawu ezifana nokungezwani komzimba ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, ngaphandle kokuncipha okuncane.

I-rustitis ebabayo

I-Gustatory rhinitis wuhlobo lwe-nonallergic rhinitis olubandakanya ikhala eligobayo noma i-postnasal drip ngemuva kokudla. Ukudla okubabayo kuvame ukudala i-gustatory rhinitis.

Izifundo ezindala, ezinjengalezi zango-1989 ezashicilelwa ku-Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, zikhombisile ukuthi ukudla okubabayo kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila kubantu abane-rhinitis ebabayo.

I-gustatory rhinitis ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Imvamisa ihlangana ne-senile rhinitis, olunye uhlobo lwe-nonallergic rhinitis. Kokubili i-gustatory and senile rhinitis ibandakanya ukuphuma kwamanzi ngokweqile, okunamanzi.

Ukudla okubabayo okungadala ikhala eligijimayo kufaka phakathi:

• upelepele oshisayo
• ugaliki
• ukhari
• i-salsa
• usoso oshisayo
• upelepele
• ujinja
• ezinye izinongo zemvelo

I-Vasomotor rhinitis (VMR)

Isikhathi i-vasomotor isho umsebenzi ohlobene nokuncipha komthambo wegazi noma ukuncipha. IVasomotor rhinitis (VMR) iveza njengekhala eligijimayo noma isiminyaminya. Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• i-postnasal drip
• ukukhwehlela
• ukukhipha umphimbo
• ingcindezi yobuso

Lezi zimpawu zingaba njalo noma ngezikhathi ezithile. I-VMR ingahle ibangelwe ukucasulwa okuvamile okungabakhathazi abantu abaningi, njenge:

• amakha kanye namanye amaphunga aqinile
• isimo sezulu esibandayo
• iphunga likapende
• ingcindezi iyashintsha emoyeni
• utshwala
• izinguquko zama-hormone ezihlobene nokuya esikhathini
• amalambu akhanyayo
• ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo

Izici ezingaba yingozi ye-vasomotor rhinitis zibandakanya ukuhlukunyezwa okwedlule kwamakhala (ikhala eliphukile noma elimele) noma isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal (GERD).

I-rhinitis exubile

I-Mixed rhinitis kulapho othile enesifo i-rhinitis esingezwani nokwaliwa nokugula. Akuvamile ukuthi umuntu abone izimpawu zamakhala zonyaka wonke, ngenkathi futhi ehlangabezana nokuwohloka kwezimpawu phakathi nenkathi yokungezwani komzimba.

Ngokufanayo, ungahle ube nokucinana kwamakhala okungapheli, kepha izimpawu zakho ziyakhula zifake ukulunywa namehlo anamanzi phambi kwamakati.

Ukuxilongwa

Iningi labantu lamukela amakhala asebusweni njengengxenye yempilo.

Impumulo egijimayo ayisona isimo esibi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi izimpawu zokuminyana kwamakhala kungaba nzima kakhulu kuze kuphazamise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Ngaleso sikhathi, kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Kunezimo ezahlukahlukene ezingadala ukuphuma kwamakhala, ngakho-ke wena nodokotela wakho nizosebenza ndawonye ukuphenya izimbangela ezingaba khona.

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza mayelana nezimpawu zakho kanye nanoma imuphi umlando wokungezwani komzimba. Ukuhlolwa okungahle kwenzeke kokuxilonga kufaka phakathi:

• Ukwelashwa

  Indlela enhle yokwelapha ikhala lakho eligijimayo izoncika embangela. Ukugwema izimbangela nokusebenzisa imithi ye-over-the-counter (OTC) kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu eziningi.

  Uma imbangela iyi-rhinitis yokungezwani

  I-allergen rhinitis ingelashwa ngemithi eminingi yokungezwani komzimba ne-OTC, kubandakanya:

  • ama-antihistamine, njenge-diphenhydramine (Benadryl), i-cetirizine (i-Zyrtec), i-loratadine (i-Claritin) ne-fexofenadine (i-Allegra)
  • uju
  • ama-probiotic

  Uma imbangela ukungezwani kokudla

  Ukungezwani komzimba nokudla kungaba yinkohliso futhi kungakhula kamuva empilweni. Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba bezilula esikhathini esedlule, zingaba nzima, futhi zisongele nokuphila.

  Uma une-allergies yokudla, zama ukukugwema ngokuphelele lokho kudla.

  Uma imbangela i-rhinitis exubile

  I-rhinitis exubile ingelashwa ngemithi ekhomba ukuvuvukala nokuminyana, kufaka phakathi:

  • ama-decongestants omlomo, njenge-pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) ne-phenylephrine (i-Sudafed PE)
  • ama-decongestants wamakhala, njenge-oxymetazoline hydrochloride (Afrin)

  • Ukuvimbela

    Izimpawu ze-nonallergic rhinitis, imbangela evame kakhulu yamakhala ahlobene nokudla, zingavinjelwa ngezinguquko ezimbalwa zokuphila, njenge:

    • ukugwema izimbangela zakho siqu
    • ukuyeka ukubhema, uma ubhema, nokugwema intuthu kagwayi
    • ukugwema izinto ezibangela umsebenzi (njengokupenda nokwakha) noma ukugqoka imaski ngenkathi usebenza
    • usebenzisa insipho engenamakha, okokuwasha izingubo, okuthambisa, nemikhiqizo yezinwele
    • ukugwema ukudla okubabayo

    Izinkinga

    Izinkinga ezivela ekhaleni eligijimayo azivamile ukuba yingozi, kepha zingakhathaza. Ngezansi kunezinkinga ezithile ezingaba khona zokucinana okungamahlalakhona:

    • Polyp acinene. Lokhu ukukhula okungenabungozi kulwelwesi lwekhala lakho noma amasinusi.
    • Isinusitis. I-Sinusitis ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi olunamathele ezonweni.
    • Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuphakathi. Ukutheleleka endlebeni okuphakathi kubangelwa ukwanda koketshezi nokuminyana.
    • Ikhwalithi yempilo enciphile. Ungaba nenkinga yokuzijabulisa, ukusebenza, ukuzivocavoca noma ukulala.

    Ukudla okudlela endlini

    Uma udinga ukukhululeka ngokushesha emakhaleni agijimayo, ukubheja kwakho okuhle ukusebenzisa i-decongestant. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlangana kwezidakamizwa okungenzeka.

    Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukwelashwa kwakho kwekhala eligijimayo kuzoya ngokuthi kubangelwa yini.

    Uma udinga ukukhululeka kwesikhathi eside, kungathatha amasonto ambalwa wokuzama nokwenza iphutha ukuthola umuthi wokungezwani komzimba okusebenzelayo.

    Kungase futhi kuthathe isikhathi ukukhomba okucasulayo okuthile okudala izimpawu zakho, ikakhulukazi uma kuwukunambitheka kokudla okuvamile, njengegalikhi.