I-Silicosis: iyini nokuthi yenziwa kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-silicosis
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Silicosis yisifo esibonakala ngokuhogela i-silika, imvamisa ngenxa yomsebenzi wobungcweti, oholela ekukhwehleleni okunzima, umkhuhlane kanye nokuphefumula kanzima. I-silicosis ingahlukaniswa ngokwesikhathi sokuchayeka ku-silika nesikhathi lapho izimpawu zivela khona:

• I-silicosis engapheli, ebizwa nangokuthi i-nodular silicosis elula, ejwayelekile kubantu abadalulwa inani elincane le-silika nsuku zonke, futhi izimpawu zingavela ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10 kuye kwengu-20 yokuchayeka;
• I-silicosis esheshayo, ebizwa nangokuthi i-subacute silicosis, enezimpawu eziqala ukuvela eminyakeni eyi-5 kuya kwengu-10 ngemuva kokuqala kokuvezwa, uphawu oluyisici kakhulu ukuvuvukala nokuchithwa kwe-alveoli yamaphaphu, engashintsha kalula ibe sesimweni esibi kakhulu sesifo;
• I-silicosis enamandla noma esheshayo, okuyisimo esibi kakhulu sesifo esinezimpawu zaso ezingabonakala ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokuchayeka othulini lwe-silika, futhi esingaguqukela ngokushesha ekuhlulekeni kokuphefumula futhi siholele ekufeni.

Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu abahlala bechaye uthuli lwe-silica, okuyiyona nto eyinhloko yesihlabathi, njengabavukuzi, abantu abasebenza ekwakhiweni kwemigudu kanye nabagawuli be-sandstone ne-granite, isibonelo.

Izimpawu ze-silicosis

I-Silica powder inobuthi obukhulu emzimbeni futhi, ngakho-ke, ukuvezwa njalo kwalesi sakhi kungaholela ezimpawu ezimbalwa, njenge:

• Imfiva;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Ukukhwehlela okomile nokunamandla;
• Ukujuluka ebusuku;
• Ukuphefumula okuncane ngenxa yemizamo;
• Ukwehla kwamandla okuphefumula.

Endabeni yesilosisosis esingelapheki, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside, kungahle kube nokwakheka okuqhubekayo kwezicubu ezinemicu emaphashini, okungaholela ekubeni nesiyezi kanye nobuthakathaka ngenxa yobunzima bokufaka umoya-mpilo egazini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abane-silicosis kungenzeka bathuthukise noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi isifo sofuba.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-silicosis kwenziwa udokotela osebenza noma ojwayelekile ngokuhlaziya izimpawu eziveziwe, i-X-ray yesifuba kanye ne-bronchoscopy, okuwukuhlolwa kokuxilonga okuhlose ukuhlola izindlela zomoya, ukukhomba noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuguqulwa. Qonda ukuthi i-bronchoscopy yenziwa kanjani.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-silicosis kwenziwa ngenhloso yokunciphisa izimpawu, okuvame ukukhonjiswa ngudokotela ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokuqeda ukukhwehlela nemithi ekwazi ukunweba imigwaqo yomoya, eyenza ukuphefumula kube lula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kunesibonakaliso sokutheleleka, kunganconywa ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic, okukhonjiswa ngokuya nge-microorganism ebangela ukutheleleka.

Kubalulekile ukuthi kusetshenziswe imishini yokuvikela ukugwema ukuvezwa uthuli lwe-silica kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesifo. Ngalesi sizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abantu abasebenza kule ndawo bagqoke izibuko namaski abakwazi ukuhlunga izinhlayiya ze-silica. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi kwamukelwe izinyathelo zokulawula ukwenziwa kothuli emsebenzini.

Ukwelashwa kwe-silicosis kufanele kulandelwe njengokuyalelwa ngudokotela ukugwema izinkinga ezingaba khona, njenge-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, i-pulmary emphysema, isifo sofuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ngokwesibonelo. Uma kunokuvela kwesifo noma izinkinga, udokotela angancoma ukwenza ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu ukuze isiguli sibe nekhwalithi yempilo ebuyisiwe. Bona ukuthi ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu kwenziwa kanjani nokuthi i-post-operative injani.