Izimpawu nezimpawu zesifo i-Alzheimer's

-Delile

• 1. Isigaba sokuqala se-Alzheimer's
• 2. Isigaba esimaphakathi se-Alzheimer's
• 3. Isigaba esithuthukile se-Alzheimer's
• Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi ngabe i-Alzheimer's

Isifo i-Alzheimer's, esaziwa nangokuthi isifo i-Alzheimer's noma i-Neurocognitive Disorder ngenxa yesifo i-Alzheimer's, yisifo sobuchopho esiwohlokayo esibangela, njengesibonakaliso sokuqala, ukuguquka kwememori, okucashile futhi okunzima ukusibona ekuqaleni, kepha okuya ngokuba kubi kakhulu izinyanga neminyaka.

Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, futhi ukuvela kwezimpawu kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezi-3, ezimnene, ezilinganiselayo futhi ezinzima, futhi ezinye zezimpawu zokuqala zomtholampilo ziyizinguquko ezinjengobunzima bokuthola amagama, ungazi ukuthi uzokuthola kanjani ngesikhathi noma lapho kunzima khona ukuthatha izinqumo nokuntuleka kokuqalisa, isibonelo.

Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zezigaba ezahlukahlukene zingaxubana nobude besigaba ngasinye kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo singenzeka nakubantu abasha, isimo esingajwayelekile futhi esisheshayo, esaziwa ngokuthi yi-Alzheimer's yokuqala, eyifa noma yomndeni. Funda ukuthi ungayibona kanjani i-Alzheimer's early.

1. Isigaba sokuqala se-Alzheimer's

Esigabeni sokuqala, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Izinguquko zememori, ikakhulukazi ubunzima bokukhumbula izehlakalo zakamuva, njengokuthi ugcine kuphi okhiye bendlu yakho, igama lothile noma indawo lapho ubukhona, isibonelo;
• Ukudideka ngesikhathi nendawo, ukuthola ubunzima bokubuyela ekhaya noma ukungalwazi usuku lwesonto noma inkathi yonyaka;
• Kunzima ukwenza izinqumo ezilula, ukuthi uhlela kanjani okufanele upheke noma uthenge;
• Phinda imininingwane efanayo kaninginingi, noma ubuze imibuzo efanayo;
• Ukulahlekelwa yintando ekwenzeni imisebenzi yansuku zonke;
• Ukuphelelwa yintshisekelo emisebenzini ayejwayele ukuyenza, njengokuthunga noma ukubala;
• Ukushintsha kokuziphatha, imvamisa iba nolaka kakhulu noma ikhathazeke;
• Ukushintsha kwemizwelo ngezikhathi zokunganaki, ukuhleka nokukhala ezimweni ezithile.

Kulesi sigaba, ukuguqulwa kwememori kwenzeka ezimweni zakamuva, futhi inkumbulo yezimo ezindala ihlala ingejwayelekile, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukubona ukuthi kungaba uphawu lwe-Alzheimer's.

Ngakho-ke, lapho lezi zinguquko zibonakala, akufanele zihlotshaniswe nokuguga okujwayelekile, futhi kuyalulekwa ukuya kudokotela wezokwelapha noma kudokotela wezinzwa ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kwememori okungakhomba ushintsho olukhulu kakhulu.

Uma usola ukuthi umuntu osondelene nawe unalesi sifo, phendula imibuzo esivivinyweni esisheshayo se-Alzheimer's.

2. Isigaba esimaphakathi se-Alzheimer's

Kancane kancane izimpawu ziqala ukubonakala kakhulu futhi zingavela:

• Kunzima ukupheka noma ukuhlanza indlu, ukushiya isitofu sivuliwe, ukubeka ukudla okuluhlaza etafuleni noma ukusebenzisa izinto ezingalungile ukuhlanza indlu, isibonelo;
• Ukwehluleka ukwenza inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu noma ukhohlwe ukuhlanza, ugqoke izingubo ezifanayo njalo noma uhamba ungcolile;
• Kunzima ukuxhumana, ukungakhumbuli amagama noma ukusho imishwana engasho lutho nokwethula amagama ambalwa;
• Kunzima ukufunda nokubhala;
• Ukuphazamiseka ezindaweni ezaziwayo, ukulahleka ngaphakathi kwendlu uqobo, ukuchama kubhasikidi kadoti, noma ukudida amakamelo;
• Ukusangana, ukuzwa nokubona kanjani izinto ezingekho;
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha, ukuthula kakhulu noma ukucasuka ngokweqile;
• Njalo sola kakhulu, ikakhulu ukweba;
• Ukulala kuyashintsha, ukukwazi ukushintshanisa usuku nobusuku.

Kulesi sigaba, asebekhulile bathembela kwilungu lomndeni ukuthi lizinakekele, ngoba abasakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke, ngenxa yabo bonke ubunzima nokudideka kwengqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuqala ukuba nobunzima bokuhamba nokuba nezinguquko zokulala.

3. Isigaba esithuthukile se-Alzheimer's

Esigabeni esinzima kakhulu, izimpawu zangaphambilini zikhona kakhulu futhi ezinye ziyavela, njenge:

• Ungabambi ngekhanda noma yiluphi ulwazi olusha futhi ungakhumbuli imininingwane yakudala;
• Ngikhohlwa umndeni, abangane nezindawo ezaziwayo, ukungakhombi igama noma ukubona ubuso;
• Kunzima ukuqonda okwenzekayo okuzungezile;
• Yiba nokungazibambi umchamo nendle;
• Kunzima ukugwinya ukudla, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ubambe umlomo noma uthathe isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuqeda ukudla;
• Yethula isimilo esingafanele, ukubhoboza noma ukukhafula phansi;
• Ukulahlekelwa amandla okwenza izinyathelo ezilula ngezingalo nemilenze, njengokudla ngesipuni;
• Kunzima ukuhambar, hlala noma ume, isibonelo.

Kulesi sigaba, umuntu angaqala ukulala phansi noma ukuhlala kakhulu usuku lonke futhi, uma kungenziwa lutho ukuvimbela lokhu, ukuthambekela kukwanda ngokuntekenteka futhi kube nomkhawulo. Ngakho-ke, kungadingeka ukuthi usebenzise isihlalo sabakhubazekile noma ulale embhedeni, uncike kwabanye abantu ukuze benze yonke imisebenzi, njengokugeza noma ukushintsha amanabukeni.

Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi ngabe i-Alzheimer's

Ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwe-Alzheimer's, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wezokwelapha noma we-neurologist, ongakwazi:

• Hlola umlando womtholampilo womuntu bese ubheka izimpawu nezimpawu zalesi sifo;
• Khombisa ukwenziwa kwezivivinyo ezinjenge-magnetic resonance, i-computed tomography kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi;
• Thatha izivivinyo zememori nokuqonda, okufana ne-Mini Mental State Exam, Test Token, Clock Test kanye ne-verbal fluency test.

Lokhu kuhlola kungakhombisa ukuba khona kwesifo sokukhumbula, ngaphezu kokungafaki ezinye izifo ezingadala ukuphazamiseka kobuchopho, njengokucindezeleka, isifo sohlangothi, i-hypothyroidism, i-HIV, ugcunsula oluthuthukile noma ezinye izifo ezonakalisayo zobuchopho njengokuwohloka komqondo yimizimba ye-Lewy, isibonelo.

Uma isifo se-Alzheimer siqinisekiswa, ukwelashwa kuzokhonjiswa ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo, njenge-Donepezil, Galantamine noma i-Rivastigmine, isibonelo. Bona imininingwane eminingi mayelana nezinketho zokwelashwa kwesifo i-Alzheimer's.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa imisebenzi efana nokwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukwelashwa emsebenzini, ukuzivocavoca umzimba nokwelashwa kwenkulumo kwenziwa ukusiza ukugcina ukuzimela kanye namandla okwenza imisebenzi isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

Funda kabanzi ngalesi sifo, ukuthi ungasinqanda kanjani nokuthi ungamnakekela kanjani umuntu one-Alzheimer's:

Kwiphepha lethu le- i-podcast isazi sezokudla uTatiana Zanin, umhlengikazi uManuel Reis nodokotela womzimba uMarcelle Pinheiro, bacacisa ukungabaza okuyinhloko ngokudla, imisebenzi yomzimba, ukunakekelwa nokuvinjelwa kwe-Alzheimer's: