Yini i-Down syndrome, izimbangela nezici

-Delile

• Izimbangela ze-Down Syndrome
• Izici eziyinhloko
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ukwelashwa Kwe-Down Syndrome
• Ungakugwema kanjani

I-Down syndrome, noma i-trisomy 21, yisifo sofuzo esibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-chromosome 21 esibangela ukuthi othwali angabi nabhangqa, kepha ama-chromosomes amathathu, ngakho-ke ngokuphelele awanama-chromosomes angama-46, kepha angama-47.

Lolu shintsho ku-chromosome 21 lubangela ukuthi ingane izalwe inezici ezithile, njengokufakwa okuncane kwezindlebe, amehlo adonswe phezulu nolimi olukhulu, ngokwesibonelo. Njengoba i-Down's syndrome ingumphumela wokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, ayinakhambi, futhi alukho umuthi othile wayo. Kodwa-ke, okunye ukwelashwa okufana nePhysiotherapy, i-psychomotor stimulation kanye ne-Speech Therapy kubalulekile ukukhuthaza nokusiza ekukhuleni kwengane ene-trisomy 21.

Izimbangela ze-Down Syndrome

I-Down syndrome yenzeka ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okwenza ikhophi eyengeziwe yengxenye ye-chromosome 21. Lokhu kuguqulwa akulona ifa, okusho ukuthi, akudluli kusuke kubaba kuye endodaneni futhi ukubukeka kwalo kungahle kuhlotshaniswe neminyaka yabazali, kepha ikakhulukazi ivela kumama, enengozi enkulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala.

Izici eziyinhloko

Ezinye zezici zeziguli ze-Down syndrome zifaka:

• Ukufakwa kwezindlebe kungaphansi kunokujwayelekile;
• Ulimi olukhulu nolusindayo;
• Amehlo e-Oblique, adonsela phezulu;
• Ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto;
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
• Ukuba khona komugqa owodwa kuphela entendeni yesandla;
• Ukubambezeleka okuncane noma okulingene;
• Isiqu esifushane.

Izingane ezine-Down syndrome azinazo zonke lezi zici ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi kungahle kube nesisindo eseqile nokuthuthuka kolimi ukukhula. Yazi ezinye izici zomuntu one-Down Syndrome.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ezinye izingane zinesici esisodwa kuphela kulezi, ngaphandle kokubheka kulezi zimo, ukuthi zingabathwali besifo.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kuvame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngokwenza ezinye izivivinyo ezifana ne-ultrasound, i-nuchal translucency, i-cordocentesis ne-amniocentesis, isibonelo.

Ngemuva kokuzalwa, ukuxilongwa kwesifo kungaqinisekiswa ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi, lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa ukukhomba ubukhona be-chromosome eyengeziwe. Qonda ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwe-Down Syndrome kwenziwa kanjani.

Ngaphezu kwe-Down's syndrome, kukhona ne-Down's syndrome enemibala, lapho kuthinteka kuphela amaphesenti amancane amangqamuzana engane, ngakho-ke kukhona inhlanganisela yamaseli namangqamuzana ajwayelekile anoshintsho emzimbeni wengane.

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Down Syndrome

I-Physiotherapy, i-psychomotor stimulation kanye ne-therapy yokwelapha kubalulekile ukwenza lula ukukhuluma nokuphakelwa kweziguli ze-Down Syndrome ngoba zisiza ukwenza ngcono ukukhula kwengane nekhwalithi yempilo.

Izingane ezinalesi sifo kufanele ziqashwe kusukela ekuzalweni nakuyo yonke impilo, ukuze kuhlolwe isimo sazo sempilo njalo, ngoba imvamisa kunezifo zenhliziyo ezihlobene nesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane inokuhlanganiswa okuhle kwezenhlalo kanye nezifundo ezikoleni ezikhethekile, yize kungenzeka ukuthi ifunde isikole esijwayelekile.

Abantu abane-Down syndrome basengozini enkulu yokuba nezinye izifo ezinjengalezi:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo;
• Izinguquko zokuphefumula;
• I-apnea yokulala;
• Izinkinga ze-thyroid.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane kufanele ibe nohlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka kokufunda, kepha ayihlali ikhubazekile engqondweni futhi ingakhula, ikwazi ukufunda nokusebenza, ibe nesikhathi sokuphila esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-40, kepha imvamisa incike ekunakekelweni futhi kudingeka ihlolwe ngudokotela wenhliziyo nodokotela we-endocrinologist impilo yonke.

Ungakugwema kanjani

I-Down syndrome yisifo sofuzo ngakho-ke asinakugwenywa, kepha ukukhulelwa ungakabi neminyaka engama-35, kungaba enye yezindlela zokwehlisa ubungozi bokuthola umntwana onalesi sifo. Abafana abane-Down syndrome bayinyumba ngakho-ke abakwazi ukuba nezingane, kepha amantombazane angakhulelwa ngokujwayelekile futhi maningi amathuba okuthi abe nezingane ezine-Down syndrome.