Yini i-Guillain-Barré syndrome, izimpawu eziyinhloko nezimbangela

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yini ebangela isifo seGuillain-Barré
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Injani impatho

I-Guillain-Barré syndrome yisifo esizimele sokuzivikela komzimba lapho amasosha omzimba uqobo aqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ezinzwa, aholele ekuvukeleni kwezinzwa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ubuthakathaka bemisipha nokukhubazeka, okungabulala.

Lesi sifo siqhubeka ngokushesha futhi iziguli eziningi ziyadedelwa ngemuva kwamasonto amane, kepha isikhathi sokululama esigcwele singathatha izinyanga noma iminyaka. Iningi leziguli liyalulama futhi lihambe futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni owodwa wokwelashwa, kepha kukhona abanye abanobunzima obukhulu futhi abadinga iminyaka emithathu ukwelulama.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-Guillain-Barré syndrome zingakhula ngokushesha futhi zibe zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi zingashiya umuntu ekhubazekile ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezintathu, kwezinye izimo. Kodwa-ke, hhayi bonke abantu baba nezimpawu ezinzima futhi bangathola ubuthakathaka ezingalweni nasemilenzeni. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ze-Guillain-Barré syndrome yilezi:

• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha, obuvame ukuqala emilenzeni, kodwa buye bufike ezingalweni, kwi-diaphragm kanye nasemisipheni yobuso nomlomo, kuphazamise ukukhuluma nokudla;
• Ukulimala nokulahlekelwa umuzwa emilenzeni nasezingalweni;
• Ubuhlungu emilenzeni, ezinqeni nasemhlane;
• Ukushaya ngonyawo esifubeni, ukushaya kwenhliziyo;
• Izinguquko zengcindezi, ezinengcindezi ephezulu noma ephansi;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula nokugwinya, ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwemisipha yokuphefumula neyokugaya;
• Kunzima ukulawula umchamo nendle;
• Ukwesaba, ukukhathazeka, ukuquleka ne-vertigo.

Lapho kutholakala i-diaphragm, umuntu angaqala ukuzwa ubunzima bokuphefumula, lapho-ke kuyanconywa ukuthi lowo muntu axhunywe kumadivayisi asiza ukuphefumula, njengoba imisipha yokuphefumula ingasebenzi kahle, okungaholela ekucineni.

Yini ebangela isifo seGuillain-Barré

I-Guillain-Barré syndrome yisifo sokuzilimaza esivela ikakhulu ngenxa yokutheleleka, okuvame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-Zika. Leli gciwane lingahlehlisa ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba kanye nesistimu yezinzwa, okuholele ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu nezimpawu zesifo.

Ngenxa yezinguquko kumasosha omzimba, umzimba uqala ukuhlasela uhlelo lwe-peripheral nervous uqobo, kubhubhise i-myelin sheath, okuyi-membrane ehlanganisa izinzwa futhi isheshise ukuqhutshwa komfutho wezinzwa, okwenza izimpawu.

Lapho i-myelin sheath ilahleka, izinzwa ziyavuvukala futhi lokhu kuvimbela isignali yezinzwa ukuthi idluliselwe emisipheni, okuholela ekubuthakathaka kwemisipha nasekuthinteni kwemizwa emilenzeni nasezingalweni, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Guillain-Barré syndrome ezingeni lokuqala kunzima, njengoba izimpawu zifana nezinye izifo eziningana lapho kunokukhubazeka kwemizwa khona.

Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngokuhlaziywa kwezimpawu, ukuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba kanye nokuhlolwa okufana nokubhoboza i-lumbar, imaging resonance imaging kanye ne-electroneuromyography, okuwukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngenhloso yokuhlola ukuqhutshwa kwesifiso senzwa. Thola ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-electroneuromyography.

Zonke iziguli ezitholwe zine-Guillain-Barré syndrome kumele zihlale esibhedlela ukuze zihlolwe futhi zilashwe kahle, ngoba uma lesi sifo singelashwa, singaholela ekufeni ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwemisipha.

Injani impatho

Ukwelashwa kweGuillain-Barré Syndrome kuhlose ukunciphisa izimpawu nokusheshisa ukululama, kanti ukwelashwa kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe esibhedlela futhi kuqhubeke ngemuva kokuphuma, futhi kunganconywa ne-physiotherapy.

Ukwelashwa okwenziwa esibhedlela yi-plasmapheresis, lapho kukhishwa khona igazi emzimbeni, kuhlungwe ukuze kususwe izinto ezibanga lesi sifo, bese kubuyiselwa emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, i-plasmapheresis iyakwazi ukugcina ama-antibody anomthwalo wokuhlasela amasosha omzimba. Thola ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani i-plasmapheresis.

Enye ingxenye yokwelashwa ukujova ngemithamo ephezulu yama-immunoglobulin ngokumelene nama-antibodies ahlasela izinzwa, anciphisa ukuvuvukala nokubhujiswa komgogodla we-myelin.

Kodwa-ke, lapho kuvela izinkinga ezinkulu, njengobunzima bokuphefumula, inhliziyo noma izinkinga zezinso, kuyadingeka ukuthi isiguli silaliswe esibhedlela ukuze sibhekwe ngeso lokhozi, silashwe nokuthi kuvinjelwe ezinye izinkinga. Bona imininingwane eminingi yokwelashwa kwe-Guillain-Barré syndrome.