Izimpawu ze-hemophilia, kutholakala kanjani ukuxilongwa nokungabaza okuvamile

-Delile

• Izinhlobo ze-hemophilia
• Izimpawu ze-hemophilia
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Imibuzo ejwayelekile mayelana ne-hemophilia
• 1. Ngabe i-hemophilia ivame kakhulu emadodeni?
• 2. Ngabe i-hemophilia ihlala ifa na?
• 3. Ingabe i-hemophilia iyathathelana?
• 4. Ngabe umuntu one-hemophilia angaphila impilo ejwayelekile?
• 5. Ubani one-hemophilia ongathatha ibuprofen?
• 6. Ngabe umuntu one-hemophilia angayithola imidwebo emzimbeni noma ahlinzwe?

I-Hemophilia yisifo sofuzo nesofuzo, okusho ukuthi, sidluliselwa kusuka kubazali siye ezinganeni, esivezwa ukopha isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuntula noma ukwehla komsebenzi wezici ze-VIII ne-IX egazini, ezibalulekile ekunqandeni.

Ngakho-ke, lapho kunezinguquko ezihlobene nalezi enzyme, kungenzeka ukuthi kube khona ukuphuma kwegazi, okungaba ngaphakathi, ngezinsini ezophayo, ikhala, umchamo noma indle, noma imihuzuko emzimbeni, isibonelo.

Yize lungekho ikhambi, i-hemophilia inokwelapha, okwenziwa ngemijovo yezikhathi ezithile ene-clotting factor engekho emzimbeni, ukuvimbela ukopha noma noma kunini lapho kuphuma khona igazi, okudinga ukuxazululwa ngokushesha. Qonda ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-hemophilia kufanele kube kanjani.

Izinhlobo ze-hemophilia

I-hemophilia ingenzeka ngezindlela ezi-2, okuthi, yize zinezimpawu ezifanayo, zibangelwa ukuntuleka kwezakhi zegazi ezahlukahlukene:

• I-hemophilia A:uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-hemophilia, olubonakala ngokushoda kwe-coagulation factor VIII;
• I-hemophilia B:kubangela ushintsho ekukhiqizeni i-coagulation factor IX, futhi yaziwa nangokuthi isifo sikaKhisimusi.

Izici ze-coagulation ngamaprotheni akhona egazini, acushwa noma nini lapho kuqhuma umthambo wegazi, ukuze kuphume ukopha. Ngakho-ke, abantu abane-hemophilia bahlushwa ukopha okuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi kulawulwe.

Kukhona ukushoda kwezinye izinto zokujiya, nakho okubangela ukopha futhi kungadidaniswa ne-hemophilia, njengokushoda kwe-factor XI, okwaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi yi-type C hemophilia, kodwa okwehlukile ohlotsheni lokuguqulwa kofuzo kanye nendlela yokudlulisela.

Izimpawu ze-hemophilia

Izimpawu ze-hemophilia zingabonakala ama-logo eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwengane, noma kunjalo zingabonakala ngesikhathi sokuthomba, ebusheni noma ebudaleni, ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho i-hemophilia ihlobene nokwehla komsebenzi wezinto ezijiyisayo. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko ezingakhombisa ukuthi i-hemophilia yilezi:

• Ukubukeka kwamabala ansomi esikhunjeni;
• Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emalungeni;
• Ukopha okuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle kwesizathu esizwakalayo, njengaku-gamu noma ekhaleni, isibonelo;
• Ukopha ngesikhathi kuzalwa amazinyo okuqala;
• Ukopha kunzima ukuyeka ngemuva kokusika okulula noma ukuhlinzwa;
• Amanxeba athatha isikhathi eside ukuphola;
• Ukuya esikhathini okweqile nokwedlulele.

Uma uhlobo lwe-hemophilia lubucayi, kukwanda kwezimpawu futhi kusheshe kuvele, ngakho-ke, i-hemophilia enamandla ivame ukutholwa enganeni, ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila, kuyilapho i-hemophilia elinganiselayo ivame ukusolwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala iminyaka emihlanu, noma lapho ingane iqala ukuhamba nokudlala.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-hemophilia emnene ingatholwa kuphela lapho umuntu esekhulile, lapho umuntu ehlaselwa ngamandla noma ngemuva kwezinqubo ezinjengokukhishwa kwamazinyo, lapho ukuphuma kwegazi kuphawulwe ngaphezu kokujwayelekile.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hemophilia kwenziwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa yi-hematologist, ocela ukuhlolwa okuhlola amandla wegazi wokuvala, njengesikhathi sokujiya, esihlola isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze igazi lenze ihlwili, nokukalwa kobukhona bezinto yokujiya namazinga ayo egazini.

Izici zokuvala amaprotheni egazi abalulekile, aqala ukusebenza uma kukhona ukopha okuthile, ukuwavumela ukuthi ame. Ukungabi bikho kwalezi zinto kubanga izifo, njengohlobo lwe-A hemophilia, olubangelwa ukungabikho noma ukwehla kwe-factor VIII, noma uhlobo lwe-B hemophilia, lapho i-factor IX ishoda khona. Qonda ukuthi i-coagulation isebenza kanjani.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile mayelana ne-hemophilia

Eminye imibuzo ejwayelekile mayelana ne-hemophilia yile:

1. Ngabe i-hemophilia ivame kakhulu emadodeni?

Izici zokuntuleka kwe-hemophilia ezingenayo zikhona kwi-X chromosome, ehlukile emadodeni futhi ephindwe kabili kwabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, ukuze abe nalesi sifo, indoda idinga kuphela ukuthola i-chromosome engu-1 ethintekile, evela kumama, ngenkathi owesifazane ukuze ahlakulele lesi sifo, udinga ukuthola ama-chromosomes amabili athintekile, ngakho-ke, lesi sifo sivame kakhulu amadoda.

Uma owesifazane ene-chromosome engu-1 kuphela ethintekile, ezuzwe njengefa kunoma yimuphi umzali, uzoba ngumphathi, kepha ngeke asithole lesi sifo, njengoba enye i-X chromosome inxephezela ukukhubazeka, noma kunjalo, inethuba elingama-25% lokuba nengane lesi sifo.

2. Ngabe i-hemophilia ihlala ifa na?

Cishe ku-30% wamacala we-hemophilia, awukho umlando womndeni wesifo, ongaba umphumela wokuguquka okuzenzakalelayo kofuzo ku-DNA yomuntu. Kulokhu, kubhekwa ukuthi lo muntu usethole i-hemophilia, kepha ukuthi usengakwazi ukudlulisela lesi sifo ezinganeni zakhe, njenganoma ngubani omunye one-hemophilia.

3. Ingabe i-hemophilia iyathathelana?

I-hemophilia ayithelelani, noma ngabe kuthintana ngqo negazi lomuntu ophethe noma ukumpontshelwa, ngoba lokhu akuphazamisi ukwakheka kwegazi lomuntu ngamunye ngomnkantsha wethambo.

4. Ngabe umuntu one-hemophilia angaphila impilo ejwayelekile?

Lapho uthatha imishanguzo yokuvikela, ngokufaka izinto ezijiyayo esikhundleni somuntu, umuntu one-hemophilia angaba nempilo ejwayelekile, kubandakanya nokudlala imidlalo.

Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kokuvikela izingozi, ukwelashwa kungenziwa lapho kuphuma ukopha, ngokujovwa kwezinto ezijiyisayo, ezenza ukuthi igazi lijiye futhi livimbele ukopha okukhulu, kwenziwa ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela wezifo zegazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma nini lapho umuntu ezokwenza uhlobo oluthile lwenqubo yokuhlinza, kufaka phakathi ukukhishwa kwamazinyo nokugcwaliswa, isibonelo, kuyadingeka ukwenza imithamo yokuvikela.

5. Ubani one-hemophilia ongathatha ibuprofen?

Imithi efana ne-Ibuprofen noma ene-acetylsalicylic acid ekubunjweni kwayo akufanele ifakwe abantu abatholakala ukuthi bane-hemophilia, ngoba le mithi ingaphazamisa inqubo yokuvala igazi futhi ithande ukuvela kokopha, noma ngabe kufakwe i-clotting factor.

6. Ngabe umuntu one-hemophilia angayithola imidwebo emzimbeni noma ahlinzwe?

Umuntu okutholwe ukuthi une-hemophilia, kungakhathalekile uhlobo nobunzima, angathola ama-tattoos noma izinqubo zokuhlinzwa, kepha okunconywayo ukuthi udlulisele isimo sakho kochwepheshe futhi ulawule i-coagulant factor ngaphambi kwenqubo, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, esimweni sokuthola ama-tattoos, abanye abantu abane-hemophilia babike ukuthi inqubo yokuphulukisa nobuhlungu ngemuva kwenqubo bebuncane lapho besebenzisa isici ngaphambi kokuthola i-tattoo. Kubalulekile futhi ukubheka indawo eyenziwe yi-ANVISA, ehlanzekile futhi enezinto eziyinyumba nezingahlanzekile, ukugwema noma iyiphi ingozi yezinkinga.