Izimpawu zengcindezi yegazi ephansi (hypotension)

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Okufanele ukwenze lapho ingcindezi iphansi
• Izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophansi ekukhulelweni
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Uzoya nini kudokotela
• Ungayilinganisa kanjani ingcindezi yegazi kahle

Umfutho wegazi ophansi, owaziwa ngokwesayensi njenge-hypotension, ungabonakala ngezimpawu ezithile, ezinjengesiyezi, ukuzizwa uphela amandla nezinguquko kumbono, njengokufiphala noma ukungaboni kahle. Kodwa-ke, indlela engcono yokuqinisekisa ukuthi umfutho wegazi ophansi ukukala umfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya noma ekhemisi.

Umfutho wegazi ophansi uvamise ukukhombisa ukuthi alikho igazi elanele eligeleza lisuka enhliziyweni liye ezithweni, okuholele ekutheni kube nezimpawu. Kungashiwo ukuthi ingcindezi iphansi lapho inani lengcindezi lilingana noma lingaphansi kuka-90 x 60 mmHg, elidume kakhulu ngokuthi yi-9 ngo-6.

Ukukhulisa ingcindezi kancane, ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki, ungalala phansi uphakamise imilenze noma ube nekhofi elinoshukela noma ujusi, isibonelo. Yazi ukuthi uzodlani uma ingcindezi iphansi.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ezimweni eziningi, umfutho wegazi ophansi awubangeli zimpawu futhi, ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi bangaba nokuphila okujwayelekile ngokuphelele ngomfutho wegazi ophansi. Kodwa-ke, lapho kwehla ngokushesha umfutho wegazi, ezinye izimpawu ezingaphakama yilezi:

• Isiyezi kanye ne-vertigo;
• Ukungabi namandla nobuthakathaka emisipheni;
• Ukuzizwa uphela amandla;
• Ikhanda;
• Ikhanda elinzima nokuzizwa kungenalutho;
• Pallor;
• Ubuthakathaka;
• Ukuzizwa ngiyagula;
• Umbono ofiphele noma ofiphele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kujwayelekile ukuthi uzizwe ukhathele, kunzima ukugxila futhi uzizwe ubanda, futhi ezimweni eziningi kuvela izimpawu eziningana ngasikhathi sinye. Lezi zimpawu zivela ngoba umoya-mpilo nezakhi zomzimba azisatshalaliswa ngokugculisayo kumaseli omzimba.

Okufanele ukwenze lapho ingcindezi iphansi

Ukwelashwa kwengcindezi yegazi ephansi kuyahlukahluka ngesizathu futhi, ngakho-ke, uma izimpawu zivame kakhulu, kuyalulekwa ukuxhumana nodokotela ojwayelekile, ukuqala ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, umfutho wegazi ophansi onezimpawu umcimbi wesikhashana futhi ongavamile. Kulezi zimo, ukusiza ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki, kufanele:

1. Hlala nekhanda lakho phakathi kwemilenze yakho noma lala uphakamisa imilenze yakho, ukuma ngezinyawo zakho kuphakeme kunenhliziyo nekhanda lakho, endaweni epholile nenomoya ukugwema ukuquleka;
2. Khulula izingubo ukuphefumula kangcono;
3. Phuza ijusi lewolintshi eli-1 enothe nge-potassium futhi esiza ukukhuphula ingcindezi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu kufanele agweme ukushiswa yilanga ngokweqile futhi phakathi kuka-11 ekuseni no-4 ntambama nezindawo ezinomswakama omningi.

Lapho umfutho wegazi ophansi uvela nsuku zonke, amasokisi omfutho angagqokwa ngoba i-hypotension ingenzeka ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwegazi emilenzeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho i-orthostatic hypotension ivela ngenxa yokuphumula kombhede, umuntu kufanele ahlale imizuzu emibili embhedeni ngaphambi kokuvuka. Bheka ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimweni zengcindezi yegazi ephansi.

Izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophansi ekukhulelweni

Umfutho wegazi ophansi ujwayelekile ikakhulukazi ekukhulelweni kokuqala, noma kunjalo kungadala ukungakhululeki okukhulu kowesifazane bese kubeka ingane engcupheni ngenxa yezimpawu, okuvame ukuthi:

• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka, okungaholela ekuweni;
• Ukubona okufiphele;
• Isiyezi;
• Ikhanda;
• Ukuzizwa uphela amandla.

Uma izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophansi zivame kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuthi owesifazane abonane nodokotela wakhe wokubelethisa ukuze kunconywe ukwelashwa okungcono ukudambisa nokugwema izimpawu. Bona ukuthi iziphi izingozi ezingaba khona zomfutho wegazi ophansi ekukhulelweni nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Ngokuvamile, umfutho wegazi wehla ngenxa yokwehla kwenani legazi, ikakhulukazi uma kushisa kakhulu, njengoba imithambo yegazi ivuleka futhi izithukuthuku ziyanda, kunciphisa ukuminyana koketshezi emzimbeni.

Umfutho wegazi ophansi futhi ungaba nomphumela oseceleni wezinye izidakamizwa ezinjenge-diuretics, i-anti-depressants, izidakamizwa zokwehlisa isisindo noma ama-antihypertensives kanye nomthamo ophakeme, iba nkulu ingozi yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophansi, ngaphezu kokubangela ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside noma ukusilela kwe-vitamin B12 .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulala embhedeni isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ebusuku noma ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa nakho kunganciphisa umfutho wegazi, kubangele i-postural hypotension, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-orthotic hypotension, okuyilapho uvuka ngokuzumayo uzizwe uphela amandla. Funda kabanzi ngezimbangela zengcindezi yegazi ephansi.

Uzoya nini kudokotela

Kubalulekile ukuya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma esibhedlela lapho ingcindezi ihlala iphansi ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engu-15 futhi ingathuthuki ngezincomo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unalezi zimpawu ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ngenyanga, kufanele uye kudokotela ukuthola imbangela yenkinga, njengoba kungadingeka ukuthatha imithi efana ne-ephedrine, phenylephrine noma i-fludrocortisone, ngokwesibonelo.

Ungayilinganisa kanjani ingcindezi yegazi kahle

Nakhu ukuthi ulinganisa kanjani ingcindezi kahle: