Ukukhulelwa nokubhema

-Delile

• Kungani Ukubhema Kuyingozi Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa?
• Kungani Uyeka Manje?
• Ngingayeka Kanjani?
• Kuzoba nzima Kangakanani Ngami Ukuyeka?
• Izinsiza Ezengeziwe Ekuyekeleni Ukubhema Ziyatholakala Ngomnakekeli Wakho
• Ingabe Ukushintshwa KweNicotine Kuphephile Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa?
• Ingabe i-Bupropion iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
• Ngubani Ongahle Aqale Kabusha Ukubhema?
• Kungani Abesifazane Beqala Ukubhema Ngemuva Kokubeletha?
• Izizathu Zokungaqali Ukubhema Ngemuva Kokuzalwa Kwengane

Ukubuka konke

Ukuyeka ukubhema kungenye yezindlela ezitholakala kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukukhulelwa okunempilo. Yize kunjalo, ngokwe-CDC, cishe amaphesenti ayi-13 abesifazane abhema phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokugcina zokukhulelwa kwabo. Ukubhema nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaholela ekuthintekeni impilo yakho yonke enganeni yakho.

Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukubhema uma ungazange uyeke ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ngokuzimisela nokusekelwa, ungaphumelela.

Kungani Ukubhema Kuyingozi Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa?

Ukubhema kwandisa ubungozi boku:

• ukulethwa kwesisindo esiphansi
• ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha (ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-37)
• ukukhulelwa kwesisu
• ukufa kwesisu kwe-intrauterine (ukuzala okushonile)
• ulwanga oluqhekezekile nezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa
• izinkinga zokuphefumula

Ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuhlotshaniswa nezimo ezinzima ezingathinta ingane yakho ngesikhathi isencane nasebuntwaneni. Lokhu kungafaka:

• isifo sokufa kwezinsana ngokuzumayo (SIDS)
• ukukhubazeka ekufundeni
• izinkinga zokuziphatha
• ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya
• ukutheleleka okuvamile

Kunobunye ubufakazi obukhombisa ukuthi imikhuba yokubhema ixhumene phakathi kwezizukulwane. Ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukwanda kwamazinga okubhema emadodakazini abesifazane ababhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi okuthile kwe-biologic kunganqunywa esibelethweni lapho umama ebhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngamanye amagama, ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubeka ingane yakho engcupheni yokuba ibheme lapho isikhula.

Kungani Uyeka Manje?

Umuntu obhemayo okhulelwayo angacabanga ukuthi umonakalo usuvele wenzekile nokuthi akukho nzuzo enganeni ngokuyeka phakathi nenyanga yesibili noma yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Lokhu akulona iqiniso. Ngokusho kweSmokefree Women, ukuyeka noma isiphi isigaba sokukhulelwa kunciphisa ubungozi bokukhubazeka kwamaphaphu nezinga eliphansi lokuzalwa. Futhi, iziguli kungenzeka ukuthi zizimisele ngokwengeziwe ukuyeka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa futhi zingasetha kalula usuku lokuyeka.

Bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe ababhemayo bayakhuthazwa ukuthi bayeke, noma ngabe basenyangeni yesikhombisa noma yesishiyagalombili yokukhulelwa.

Ngingayeka Kanjani?

Ngaphambi kokuzama ukuyeka ukubhema, chitha isikhathi uhlaziya ukuthi ubhema nini futhi ngani. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqonde izindlela zakho zokubhema ukuze ukwazi ukuhlela imicimbi nezimo ezizokuheha noma zikucindezele. Ngabe uyabhema lapho ukhathazekile noma ukhathazekile? Ngabe uyabhema lapho udinga ukuzipha amandla? Uyabhema yini lapho abanye abaseduze kwakho bebhema? Uyabhema yini uma uphuza?

Lapho uqonda amaphethini akho okubhema, ungaqala ukwenza eminye imisebenzi. Isibonelo, uma ubhema nabantu osebenza nabo ekhefini lomsebenzi, cabanga ukuthatha uhambo nabanye abangane bomsebenzi. Uma ubhema lapho uphuza ikhofi, cabanga ukushintshela kwesinye isiphuzo ukuze wephule inhlangano.

Hlela izikhathi lapho uzolingeka khona. Thola umuntu ozokusekela ngalezo zikhathi zokuzama lapho ufuna ukuba nogwayi. Zinikeze ukuqiniswa okuhle ngokuyeka. Uma usuvele unecebo, setha usuku lokuyeka bese utshela udokotela wakho ngakho.

Susa yonke ugwayi nemikhiqizo ehlobene nayo ekhaya lakho, emsebenzini wakho, nasemotweni yakho ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokuyeka. Lesi isinyathelo esibalulekile ekubeni ungabhemi.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze akusize usethe usuku lwakho lokuyeka, ngamasu wokuyeka ukubhema, kanye nemithombo yokuqiniswa okuhle njengoba wenza le nqubo ebalulekile. Abanye abantu badinga usizo oluningi kunabanye, kuya ngokuthi umkhuba ugxile kangakanani nokuthi bangumlutha we-nicotine kangakanani.

Kuzoba nzima Kangakanani Ngami Ukuyeka?

Izinga lobunzima ekuyekeni ukubhema lincike ezintweni eziningi futhi liyahluka phakathi kwabesifazane. Lapho ubhema kancane futhi lapho uzama kakhulu ukuyeka ukubhema, kuzoba lula kakhulu. Ukuba nomlingani ongabhemi, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, nokuba nezinkolelo eziqinile mayelana nezingozi zokubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nakho kuzokwenza kube lula ukuyeka.

Lapho uqhubeka ubhema, kuzoba nzima nakakhulu ukuyeka. Abesifazane ababhema ngaphezu kwepakethe ngosuku nabesifazane abadla i-caffeine bangakuthola kunzima ukuyeka ukubhema. Abesifazane abacindezelekile noma abahlangabezana nobunzima obukhulu empilweni nabo bangakuthola kunzima ukuyeka. Labo abahlukanisiwe nokuxhaswa komphakathi babhekana nobunzima bokuyeka. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abukho ubudlelwane nokusetshenziswa kotshwala obubikezela ukuqhubeka kokubhema noma ukuyeka.

Izinsiza Ezengeziwe Ekuyekeleni Ukubhema Ziyatholakala Ngomnakekeli Wakho

Uma uzama ukuyeka ukubhema, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ukuqapha njengokuqinisa. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezivivinyo ezilinganisa i-carbon monoxide noma i-nicotine metabolites ephelelwe yisikhathi.

Ingabe Ukushintshwa KweNicotine Kuphephile Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa?

Izinsiza zokuyeka ukubhema, njengokufakwa esikhundleni kwe-nicotine, zivame ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abafuna ukuyeka. Izibonelo zifaka i-nicotine patch, i-gum, noma i-inhaler. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinsiza akufanele zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle kokuthi izinzuzo zidlula ngokusobala izingozi. Inani le-nicotine elethwa yinsini noma i-patch livame ukuba ngaphansi kakhulu kunalokho ongakuthola ngokubhema okuqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, i-nicotine inciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya esibelethweni futhi ingalimaza umbungu okhulayo ne-placenta, noma ngabe iyiphi indlela yokudiliva.Ukukhathazeka okunjalo kuchazwe yi-American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), nabo abathi abukho ubufakazi bemitholampilo obukhombisa ukuthi le mikhiqizo iyabasiza ngempela abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuba bayeke ukubhema.

I-nicotine gum ibhalwe ukuthi Isigaba Sokukhulelwa yi-Food and Drug Administration. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingozi enganeni ayikwazi ukukhishwa. Isiqephu se-nicotine sibhalwe ukuthi Isigaba Sokukhulelwa D, okusho ukuthi kunobufakazi obuhle bengozi.

Ingabe i-Bupropion iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

IBupropion (Zyban) ibisizakala kubantu ababhemayo abanobunzima bezimo zokucindezeleka lapho beyeka ukubhema. Kungenzeka ukuthi isebenza njenge-anti-depressant, isiza ngezimpawu zokuhoxa kwemizwa yokudangala, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukukhathazeka nokwanda kwesifiso. I-Bupropion mhlawumbe iyasebenza njengokushintshwa kwe-nicotine ekusizeni iziguli ziyeke ukubhema. Ukwanda kwamazinga empumelelo kuyabonakala lapho iziguli zithola ukwelashwa kokuziphatha noma ukuholwa.

Ngeshwa, ayikho idatha etholakalayo ekuphepheni kwe-bupropion ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lesi sidakamizwa sithengiswa njenge-Wellbutrin ekwelapheni ukucindezeleka futhi singasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kulokho kukhombisa. I-Bupropion ibhalwe njengoMkhakha B wokwelashwa kwengcindezi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Noma kunjalo, kunengozi enkulu yokudluliselwa komuthi kubisi lwebele.

Ngubani Ongahle Aqale Kabusha Ukubhema?

Ngeshwa, abesifazane abayeka ukubhema ngenkathi bekhulelwe bavame ukubuyela emuva ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma esikhathini sokubeletha. Izingozi zokuphinda ubuye ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zifaka okulandelayo:

• ukwehla, kepha hhayi ukuyeka ugwayi
• ememezela ukuthi umuntu uyekile ngaphambi kokuya isonto ngaphandle kukagwayi
• ukungazethembi okuncane emandleni omuntu okuhlala engenalo ugwayi
• ukubhema kakhulu

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ungakhathazwa kakhulu isicanucanu futhi uke wakuletha ngaphambili, kungenzeka ukuthi uphinde uqale ukubhema.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umndeni wowesifazane, abangane, nabantu osebenza nabo bayabhema kubonakala kungenye yezinto ezibikezela impumelelo enkulu yesikhathi eside ekuyekeni ukubhema. Abesifazane abayeka ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa badinga ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo ukuze bahlale bengabhemi phakathi nakho konke ukukhulelwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukuyeka ukubhema kuthathwe njengenqubo hhayi njengomcimbi wesikhathi esisodwa. Uma umlingani wakho ebhema maningi amathuba okuthi uphinde ubuye. Ukuqhubeka nokuzihlanganisa nabantu ababhemayo kungasho ukutholakala kalula kukagwayi kanye namathuba andayo okubuyela emuva.

Kungani Abesifazane Beqala Ukubhema Ngemuva Kokubeletha?

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abesifazane abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-50 abayeka ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa bazoqala ukubhema futhi ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokubeletha. Abesifazane abaningi babheka isikhathi sokubeletha njengesikhathi sokwenza imisebenzi abayithokozela ngaphambi kokukhulelwa - kwabaningi, lokhu kusho ukubuyela ekubhemeni. Abanye besifazane babonakala bekhathazeke kakhulu ngokulahleka kwesisindo kanye nokuphathwa kwengcindezi futhi lokhu kunomthelela ekubuyeni.

Ngeshwa, izinto zokuzisiza, ukwelulekwa ngawodwana, kanye nezeluleko zikadokotela azikhombisanga noma yimaphi amanani athuthukisiwe ekubuyeni emuva kwangemva kokubeletha. Kubalulekile ukuba nomqeqeshi noma umuntu osempilweni yakho ozokusiza ukukugqugquzela ukuthi uhlale ungabhemi ugwayi.

Izizathu Zokungaqali Ukubhema Ngemuva Kokuzalwa Kwengane

Kunobufakazi obucindezelayo bokuhlala bungabhemi ngemuva kokubeletha. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi uma ubhema osikilidi abangaphezu kwabayi-10 ngosuku, inani lobisi olukhiqizayo liyancipha futhi ukwakheka kobisi lwakho kuyashintsha. Futhi, abesifazane ababhemayo maningi amathuba okuthi bacabange ukuthi ubisi lwabo alwanele ngokwanele futhi bangase bangakhuthazeki kakhulu ekunceliseni ibele. Futhi, izingane ezinceliswe ibele ngomama ababhemayo zivame ukuba ne-colicky kakhulu futhi zikhale kakhulu, okungakhuthaza ukulunyulwa kusenesikhathi.

Ngokwengeziwe, izinsana nezingane ezisencane banezifo ezivame kakhulu zokungenwa izindlebe kanye nezifo ezingaphezulu zokuphefumula lapho kukhona obhemayo ekhaya. Kukhona nobufakazi obukhomba ukuthi i-asthma kungenzeka ikhule ezinganeni ezinabazali ababhemayo.