I-Teniasis (ukutheleleka nge-tapeworm): kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Umjikelezo wempilo we-Teniasis
• I-Taenia solium futhi I-Taenia saginata
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ungakuvimbela kanjani

I-Teniasis yisifo esibangelwa yisibungu esidala se Taenia sp., eyaziwa ngokuthi yodwa, emathunjini amancane, okungavimba ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba ekudleni futhi kubangele izimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu, isifo sohudo, ukwehla kwesisindo noma ubuhlungu besisu, ngokwesibonelo. Idluliselwa ngokudla inyama yenkomo noma inyama yengulube eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe engcoliswe yigciwane.

Yize i-teniasis iyisifo esivela njalo kakhulu, lezi zinambuzane nazo zingadala i-cysticercosis, ehluke ngendlela yokungcola:

• I-Teniasis: kubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezimpungushe ze-tapeworm ezikhona enyameni yenkomo noma yengulube, ekhula futhi ihlale emathunjini amancane;
• ICysticercosis: kwenzeka lapho kungeniswa amaqanda ezikelemu, akhipha izibungu zawo ezikwazi ukweqa udonga lwesisu futhi afinyelele egazini lifinyelele kwezinye izitho ezinjengemisipha, inhliziyo namehlo, isibonelo.

Ukugwema i-teniasis kubalulekile ukugwema ukudla inyama yenkomo noma inyama yengulube eluhlaza, ukugeza izandla zakho nokudla kahle ngaphambi kokukulungisa. Uma kusolwa i-teniasis, kubalulekile ukuya kudokotela ojwayelekile ukuze kwenziwe izivivinyo futhi kungaqalwa ukwelashwa, okuvame ukwenziwa ngeNiclosamide noma iPraziquantel.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ukutheleleka kokuqala nge Taenia sp. ayiholeli ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu, noma kunjalo, njengoba igciwane linamathela odongeni lwamathumbu futhi liqala, izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa njalo;
• Ukuzizwa ngiyagula;
• Ubuhlungu besisu;
• Ikhanda;
• Ukuntula noma ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla;
• Isiyezi;
• Ubuthakathaka;
• Ukuthukuthela;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo;
• Ukukhathala nokuqwasha.

Ezinganeni, i-teniasis ingadala ukukhula okuthuthukile nentuthuko, kanye nobunzima bokuthola isisindo. Ubukhona be Taenia sp. odongeni lwamathumbu kungadala ukopha futhi kuholele ekukhiqizweni nasekukhipheni isikhwehlela esincane noma esiningi.

Bheka izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-teniasis nezinye izibungu:

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukutholakala kwe-teniasis kuvame ukuba nzima ngoba iningi labantu abatheleleke ngalo Taenia sp. azinazo izimpawu, futhi lapho zivela, ziyefana nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo zamathumbu.

Ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesifo, udokotela uvame ukuhlola izimpawu eziveziwe bese ecela ukuhlolwa kwesitokisi ukuze abheke ukuthi kukhona amaqanda noma ama-proglottids. Taenia sp., Ukuba nokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Umjikelezo wempilo we-Teniasis

Umjikelezo wempilo we-teniasis ungamelwa ngokulandelayo:

Ngokuvamile, i-teniasis itholakala ngokudla ingulube noma inyama yenkomo engcoliswe yizibungu ze-tapeworm, ezihlala emathunjini amancane futhi ziguquke zibe ngabantu abadala. Cishe emva kwezinyanga ezintathu, isikhutha siqala ukukhipha endleni okuthiwa ama-proglottids, okuyizingxenye zomzimba wakho eziqukethe izitho zokuzala kanye namaqanda azo.

Amaqanda wesikelemu angangcolisa inhlabathi, amanzi kanye nokudla, okungabhekana nokungcolisa ezinye izilwane noma abanye abantu, abangathola i-cysticercosis. Qonda ukuthi kuyini nokuthi ungayibona kanjani i-cysticercosis.

I-Taenia solium futhi I-Taenia saginata

THE I-Taenia solium kanye ne- I-Taenia saginata yizimuncagazi ezibhekele i-teniasis, zinombala omhlophe, umzimba osicaba ngendlela yeteyipu futhi zingahlukaniswa ngokuqondene nomphathi wazo nezimpawu zesibungu esidala.

THE I-Taenia solium inezingulube njengomphathi wazo futhi, ngakho-ke, ukudluliswa kwenzeka lapho inyama eluhlaza evela ezingulubeni ezinegciwane ifakwa. Isibungu esikhulile esivela I-Taenia solium inekhanda elinezinkomishi zokudonsa kanye ne-rostrum, ehambelana nesakhiwo esakhiwe ngama-acuules amise okwe-scythe avumela ukunamathela odongeni lwamathumbu. Ngaphezu kokubangela i-teniasis, I-Taenia solium kubuye kubhekwe ne-cysticercosis.

THE I-Taenia saginata inezinkomo njengomphathi wayo futhi ihlotshaniswa ne-teniasis kuphela. Isibungu esikhulile esivela I-Taenia saginata ikhanda lakhe alihlomile futhi alinayo i-rostrum, kuphela ngezinkomishi zokudonsa zokulungisa lesi silwanyana kumucu wamathumbu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-proglottids akhulelwe we I-Taenia solium makhulu kunalawo we I-Taenia saginata.

Ukwahlukaniswa kohlobo akukwazi ukwenziwa ngokuhlaziywa kweqanda elitholakala ekuhlolweni kwesitulo. Ukwehlukanisa kungenzeka kuphela ngokubheka ama-proglottids noma ngokuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana noma kwe-immunological, njenge-PCR ne-ELISA, isibonelo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-teniasis kuvame ukuqala ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane, enikezwa ngendlela yamaphilisi, engenziwa ekhaya, kepha okumele inikezwe ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-gastroenterologist.

La makhambi angathathwa ngomthamo owodwa noma ahlukaniswe abe yizinsuku ezi-3, futhi imvamisa afaka okukodwa kokulandelayo:

• UNiclosamide;
• Praziquantel;
• Albendazole.

Ukwelashwa ngala makhambi kususa kuphela uhlobo lomuntu omdala wesikelemu esisemathunjini ngesitokisi, hhayi ukuqeda amaqanda alo. Ngalesi sizathu, umuntu owelaphayo angaqhubeka athelele abanye kuze kube yilapho wonke amaqanda esuswe emathunjini.

Ngakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukunqanda ukudluliswa kwalesi sifo, njengokupheka ukudla kahle, ukugwema ukuphuza amanzi angenawo amabhodlela nokugeza izandla zakho kahle ngemuva kokuya endlini yangasese, nangaphambi kokupheka.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani

Ukuvimbela i-teniasis, kunconywa ukuthi ungadli inyama eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe, uphuze amanzi amaminerali, uhlungiwe noma ubiliswe, ugeze ukudla kahle ngaphambi kokudla futhi ugeze izandla kahle ngensipho namanzi, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokusebenzisa indlu yokugezela nangaphambi kokudla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile futhi ukunikeza izilwane amanzi ahlanzekile hhayi ukufakela umhlabathi ngendle yabantu, ngoba ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuvimbela i-teniasis kuphela, kodwa nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo.