Yini i-thoracentesis, yenzelwa ini futhi yenziwa kanjani?

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• Kwenziwa kanjani
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka
• Izimo

I-Thoracentesis inqubo eyenziwa udokotela ukususa uketshezi esikhaleni sokuncenga, okuyingxenye phakathi kolwelwesi olumboza iphaphu nezimbambo. Lolu ketshezi luyaqoqwa bese luthunyelwa elabhorethri ukuxilonga noma yisiphi isifo, kepha futhi lusiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu, njengokuphefumula okuncane nobuhlungu besifuba, obudalwa ukuqongelela koketshezi esikhaleni sobuningi.

Ngokuvamile, kuyindlela esheshayo futhi ayidingi isikhathi esiningi ukuyilulama, kepha kokunye ububomvu, ubuhlungu nokuvuza koketshezi kungenzeka endaweni lapho kufakwe khona inaliti, futhi kuyadingeka ukwazisa udokotela.

Yenzelwe ini

I-Thoracentesis, ebizwa nangokuthi i-pleural drainage, ikhonjiswa ukukhulula izimpawu ezinjengezinhlungu lapho uphefumula noma ukuphefumula okuncane okubangelwa inkinga yamaphaphu. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo ingakhonjiswa futhi ukuphenya imbangela yokuqoqwa koketshezi esikhaleni sokucela.

Lokhu kunqwabelana koketshezi ngaphandle kwamaphaphu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-pleural effusion futhi kwenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezithile, ezinjenge:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo yokucinana;
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, amabhaktheriya noma isikhunta;
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu;
• Ukujiya kwegazi emaphashini;
• Uhlelo lwe-lupus erythematosus;
• Isifo sofuba;
• I-pneumonia enamandla;
• Ukusabela emithini.

Udokotela ojwayelekile noma i-pulmonologist angabona ukukhishwa kwe-pleural ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ezifana ne-X-ray, i-computed tomography noma i-ultrasound futhi ingakhombisa ukusebenza kwe-thoracentesis ngezinye izizathu, njenge-biopsy ye-pleura.

Kwenziwa kanjani

I-Thoracentesis inqubo eyenziwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo ngudokotela ojwayelekile, udokotela wamaphaphu noma udokotela ohlinzayo ojwayelekile. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound kukhonjisiwe ngesikhathi se-thoracentesis, ngoba ngale ndlela udokotela wazi kahle ukuthi uketshezi luqoqeka kuphi, kepha ezindaweni lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound kungatholakali, udokotela uqondiswa izivivinyo zesithombe ezenziwe ngaphambi inqubo, efana ne-X-ray noma i-tomography.

I-Thoracentesis ivame ukwenziwa ngemizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengu-15, kepha kungathatha isikhathi eside uma kunoketshezi oluningi kakhulu esikhaleni sokucela. Izinyathelo zenqubo yilezi:

1. Susa ubucwebe nezinye izinto bese ufaka izingubo zesibhedlela ngembobo ngemuva;
2. Kuzofakwa izinto zokusebenza ukukala ukushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi, kanti nabasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokwazi ukufaka ishubhu lamakhala noma imaski ukuqinisekisa umoya-mpilo omningi emaphashini;
3. Ukuhlala noma ulele onqenqemeni lwengalo uphakamise izingalo, njengoba lesi sikhundla sisiza udokotela ukuthi abone kangcono izikhala eziphakathi kwezimbambo, okuyilapho ezobeka khona inaliti;
4. Isikhumba sihlanzwa ngomkhiqizo obulala amagciwane futhi kufakwa i-anesthesia lapho udokotela ezobhoboza khona ngenaliti;
5. Ngemuva kokuthi i-anesthesia iqale ukusebenza esizeni, udokotela ufaka inaliti bese ekhipha uketshezi kancane;
6. Lapho kukhishwa uketshezi, inaliti izosuswa bese kufakwa okokugqoka.

Lapho nje inqubo isiqediwe, isampula ketshezi lithunyelwa elabhorethri bese kwenziwa i-X-ray ukuze udokotela abone amaphaphu.

Inani loketshezi olukhanywa ngesikhathi senqubo lincike kulesi sifo futhi, kwezinye izimo, udokotela angafaka ithubhu lokukhipha uketshezi oluningi, olwaziwa ngokuthi yi-drain. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini ukukhipha amanzi nokunakekelwa okudingekayo.

Ngaphambi kokuphela kwenqubo, kunezimpawu zokopha noma ukuvuza koketshezi. Uma kungekho nolunye lwalezi zimpawu, udokotela uzokudedela uye ekhaya, kepha kuyadingeka ukuxwayisa uma kwenzeka umkhuhlane ungaphezu kwama-38 ° C, ububomvu endaweni lapho kufakwe khona inaliti, uma kunegazi noma uketshezi oluvuzayo, ukuphefumula noma ubuhlungu esifubeni.

Isikhathi esiningi, ayikho imikhawulo ekudleni ekhaya futhi udokotela angacela ukuthi imisebenzi ethile yomzimba imiswe.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

I-Thoracentesis inqubo ephephile, ikakhulukazi uma yenziwa ngosizo lwe-ultrasound, kepha ezinye izinkinga zingenzeka futhi ziyehluka ngokuya ngempilo yomuntu nohlobo lwesifo.

Izinkinga eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo lwenqubo kungaba ukopha, ukutheleleka, i-edema yamaphaphu noma i-pneumothorax. Kungenzeka kwenzeke ukulimala kwesibindi noma ubende, kepha lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kwenqubo, kungavela ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhwehlela okomile nokuzwa ukuquleka, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka njalo ukuxhumana nodokotela owenza i-thoracentesis.

Izimo

I-Thoracentesis inqubo engenziwa kubantu abaningi, kepha kwezinye izimo ingaphikiswa, njengokuthola izinkinga zokuvala igazi noma ukuphuma kwegazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela ukuthi uzohlolwa ezimweni zokukhulelwa, ukungezwani komzimba ne-latex noma i-anesthesia noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokuncipha kwegazi. Umuntu kufanele futhi alandele izincomo ezenziwe ngudokotela ngaphambi kwenqubo, njengokuyeka ukuthatha imishanguzo, ukuqhubeka uzila ukudla nokuthatha ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging okwenziwe ngaphambi kwe-thoracentesis.