I-Thoracotomy: kuyini, izinhlobo nezinkomba

-Delile

• Izinhlobo ze-thoracotomy
• Imiphumela emibi engaba khona

I-Thoracotomy inqubo yokuhlinza yezokwelapha equkethe ukuvula umgodi wesifuba futhi engenzeka ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zesifuba, ukuhlinzeka ngomzila oqonde kakhulu wokufinyelela esithombeni esithintekile nobubanzi obanele ukuvumela insimu enhle yokusebenza, ukugwema ukulimala komzimba.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-thoracotomy, okumele zenziwe ngokuya ngesitho okuzotholakala kuso nenqubo edinga ukwenziwa, futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya noma ukususa izitho noma izakhiwo ezilimele, ukulawula ukopha, ukwelapha igesi embolism, ukwenza ukusikhipha inhliziyo, phakathi kwabanye.

Izinhlobo ze-thoracotomy

Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 ezihlukene ze-thoracotomy, ezihlobene nesifunda lapho kwenziwa khona imbobo:

• I-posterolateral thoracotomy: le yinqubo ejwayeleke kakhulu, futhi indlela ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukufinyelela emaphashini, ukususa iphaphu noma ingxenye yamaphaphu ngenxa yomdlavuza, isibonelo. Phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa, kuyasikwa eceleni kwesifuba kuya ngemuva, phakathi kwezimbambo, futhi izimbambo ziyahlukaniswa, futhi kungadingeka ukukhipha eyodwa yazo ukuze ubuke iphaphu.
• I-thoracotomy ephakathi nendawo: Kulolu hlobo lwe-thoracotomy, ukuqanjwa kwenziwa nge-sternum, ukuze kuvulwe ukufinyelela esifubeni. Inqubo isetshenziswa kakhulu lapho kuzokwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo.
• I-Axillary thoracotomy: Kulolu hlobo lwe-thoracotomy, kwenziwa imbobo esifundeni sekhwapha, esivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-pneumothorax, equkethe ukuba khona komoya emgodini we-pleural, phakathi kwephaphu nodonga lwesifuba.
• I-anterolateral thoracotomy: Le nqubo isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimweni eziphuthumayo, lapho kwenziwa ukusikeka ngaphambili kwesifuba, okungadingeka ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka esifubeni noma ukuvumela ukufinyelela okuqondile kwenhliziyo ngemuva kokuboshwa kwenhliziyo.

Imiphumela emibi engaba khona

Ezinye zezinkinga ezingenzeka ngemuva kokwenza i-thoracotomy yilezi:

• Ukuphefumula ngemuva kokuhlinzwa;
• Ukuvuza komoya, okudinga ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kweshubhu lesifuba ngemuva kwenqubo;
• Ukutheleleka;
• Ukopha;
• Ukwakhiwa kwamahlule egazi;
• Izinkinga ezibangelwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile;
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma i-arrhythmias;
• Ukushintshwa kwezintambo zezwi;
• I-bronchopleural fistula;

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, isifunda lapho kwenziwa khona i-thoracotomy kungadala ubuhlungu isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Kulezi zimo, noma uma umuntu ethola okungahambi kahle esikhathini sokululama, udokotela kufanele aziswe.