Indlela yokwelashwa kwe-HIV okufanele yenziwe ngayo

-Delile

• Uzoqala nini ukwelashwa nge-HIV / AIDS
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Imiphumela emibi enkulu
• Lapho ubuyela kudokotela

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka nge-HIV kwenziwa ngemishanguzo evimbela igciwane ukuthi lande emzimbeni, isize ukulwa nalesi sifo nokuqinisa amasosha omzimba, yize engakwazi ukuqeda igciwane emzimbeni. Le mithi ihlinzekwa mahhala yi-SUS kungakhathalekile ukuthi unegciwane elingakanani umuntu analo, futhi kudingekile kuphela ukuthi ukuqoqwa komuthi kwenziwe ngemithi kadokotela.

Sekuvele kunezifundo eziningi ngenhloso yokuthola ikhambi lokutheleleka nge-HIV, kepha ayikho imiphumela eqinisekile okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imishanguzo ekhonjisiwe ukuze kwehliswe umthamo wegciwane futhi kwandise izinga lomuntu lokuphila, ngaphezu kokunciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yizifo ezivame ukuhlobene nengculaza, isifo sofuba, inyumoniya kanye ne-cryptosporidiosis , Ngokwesibonelo.

Uzoqala nini ukwelashwa nge-HIV / AIDS

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka nge-HIV kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha nje lapho kutholakala ukuxilongwa, okwenziwa ngokuhlolwa okufanele kunconywe ngudokotela ojwayelekile, udokotela wezifo ezithathelanayo, udokotela wezifo zomchamo, endabeni yamadoda noma udokotela wezifo zabesifazane, endabeni yabesifazane. Lezi zivivinyo zinga-odwa kanye nezinye izivivinyo ezijwayelekile noma njengendlela yokuhlola ukutheleleka ngegciwane ngemuva kokuziphatha okuyingozi, okuwukuya ocansini ngaphandle kwekhondomu.Bona ukuthi kutholakala kanjani ukutheleleka nge-HIV.

Ukwelashwa nge-HIV kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha kwabesifazane abakhulelwe noma lapho umuntu enesisindo segciwane esingaphezu kuka-100,000 / ml ekuhlolweni kwegazi noma isilinganiso se-CD4 T lymphocyte esingaphansi kuka-500 / mm³ wegazi. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukulawula izinga lokuphindaphindeka kwegciwane futhi wehlise izimpawu nezinkinga zesifo.

Uma ukwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane kuqalwa lapho isiguli sesisesigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu sesifo, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokuvuvukala okubizwa nge-Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (CRS), noma kunjalo, noma kulezi zimo, ukwelashwa kufanele kuqhubeke futhi udokotela anga hlola ukusetshenziswa kwePrednisone isonto noma amabili ukusiza ukulawula ukuvuvukala.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwengculaza kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwemishanguzo yokuthithibalisa igciwane lengculazi enikezwa yi-SUS ekwazi ukuvimbela ukuphindaphindeka kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, ivimbele ukubuthaka komzimba womuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ukwelashwa sekwenziwe ngendlela efanele, kuba nokuthuthuka kwekhwalithi yempilo yesiguli kanye nokwehla kwamathuba okuba kutholakale ezinye izifo ezingahle zihlobene nengculazi, njengesifo sofuba, i-cryptosporidiosis, i-aspergillosis, izifo zesikhumba nezinkinga zenhliziyo , isibonelo. Yazi izifo ezinkulu ezihlobene nengculazi.

I-SUS futhi yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV kutholakale mahhala ukuze umthamo wegciwane ubhekwe ngezikhathi ezithile futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, kubhekwe ukuthi ngabe iziguli zisabela kahle yini ekwelashweni. Kunconywa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV kwenziwe okungenani kathathu ngonyaka, ngoba ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuthi kulungiswe ukwelashwa, uma kunesidingo, ukugwema izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Imithi esetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-AIDS ingenza ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwaleli gciwane, ukungena kwegciwane engqamuzaneni lomuntu, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto zofuzo zegciwane kanye nomuntu kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamakhophi amasha egciwane. Imvamisa udokotela ukhombisa inhlanganisela yemithi engahluka ngokuya ngomthamo wegciwane, impilo yomuntu ojwayelekile nomsebenzi wobungcweti, ngenxa yemiphumela emibi. Izidambisigciwane ngokuvamile ezikhonjisiwe yilezi:

• ILamivudine;
• I-Tenofovir;
• I-Efavirenz;
• Ritonavir;
• I-Nevirapine;
• Enfuvirtide;
• Zidovudine;
• IDarunavir;
• I-Raltegravir.

Izidakamizwa i-Estavudina ne-Indinavir zazivame ukukhonjiswa ukwelapha ingculazi, kepha ukuhweba kwazo kwamiswa ngenxa yemiphumela emibi nemiphumela enobuthi emzimbeni. Isikhathi esiningi ukwelashwa kwenziwa okungenani ngemithi emithathu, kepha kungahluka ngokuya ngempilo ejwayelekile yesiguli nomthamo wegciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungahluka, njengoba eminye imithi ingadala ukukhubazeka enganeni. Qonda ukuthi ukwelashwa kwengculazi kwenziwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Imiphumela emibi enkulu

Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemithi, ukwelashwa kwengculazi kungaholela kweminye imiphumela emibi, enjengokuhlanza, ukuhlanza, ukugula, ukungathandi ukudla, ikhanda, ukushintsha kwesikhumba nokulahlekelwa kwamafutha emzimbeni wonke, ngokwesibonelo.

Lezi zimpawu zivame kakhulu ekuqaleni kokwelashwa futhi zivame ukunyamalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kepha, noma nini lapho zivela, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela, ngoba kungenzeka ukunciphisa amandla ayo ngokushintshanisa umuthi ngomunye noma ngokulungisa umthamo wawo.

I-cocktail kufanele njalo idliwe ngomthamo ofanele futhi ngesikhathi esifanele nsuku zonke ukuvimbela igciwane ukuba liqine ngokwengeziwe, kusize ukuvela kwezinye izifo. Ukudla nakho kubaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni ingculazi ngoba kuvimbela izifo ezingalapheki, kuqinisa amasosha omzimba futhi kuyasiza ekulweni nemiphumela engemihle yokwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane. Bona ukuthi yini ongayidla ukusiza ukwelapha ingculazi.

Lapho ubuyela kudokotela

Ngemuva kwesonto lokuqala lokwelashwa, isiguli kufanele sibuyele kudokotela ayohlola ukusabela emithini, futhi ngemuva kwalokhu kuvakasha, kufanele abuyele kudokotela kanye ngenyanga. Lapho lesi sifo sesizinzile, isiguli kufanele sibuyele kudokotela njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, sivivinywa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma minyaka yonke, kuya ngesimo sempilo yaso.

Funda kabanzi nge-AIDS kuvidiyo elandelayo: