I-thrombophilia: kuyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yini engabangela i-thrombophilia
• 1. Izimbangela ezitholakele
• 2. Izimbangela zofuzo
• Yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele zenziwe
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Thrombophilia yisimo lapho abantu bekuthola kulula khona ukwakha amahlule egazi, okwandisa ubungozi bezinkinga ezinkulu ezifana ne-venous thrombosis, stroke noma embolism ye-pulmonary, ngokwesibonelo. Ngakho-ke, abantu abanalesi simo bavame ukuzwa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze noma ukuphefumula okuncane.

Amahlule akhiwa i-thrombophilia avela ngoba ama-enzyme egazi, enza i-clotting, iyeke ukusebenza kahle. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezimbangela zofuzo, ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo, noma kungenzeka ngenxa yezimbangela ezitholwe kuyo yonke impilo, njengokukhulelwa, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma umdlavuza, kanti namathuba angakhuphuka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemithi, njengezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

I-thrombophilia yandisa amathuba we-thrombosis akha egazini, ngakho-ke, izimpawu zingavela esimweni sezinkinga kwenye ingxenye yomzimba, njenge:

• I-vein thrombosis ejulile: ukuvuvukala kwengxenye ethile yengilazi, ikakhulukazi imilenze, evuvukile, ebomvu futhi eshisayo. Qonda ukuthi yini i-thrombosis nokuthi ungayibona kanjani;
• Embolism yamaphaphu: ukuphefumula kanzima nokuphefumula kanzima;
• Unhlangothi: ukulahleka okungazelelwe kokunyakaza, inkulumo noma umbono, isibonelo;
• I-thrombosis ku-placenta noma intambo yenkaba: ukuphuphuma kwesisu okuvela njalo, izinkinga zokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokukhulelwa, njenge-eclampsia.

Ezimweni eziningi, umuntu kungenzeka angazi ukuthi une-thrombophilia kuze kuvele ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe, akhiphe izisu kaningi noma abe nezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kuyinsakavukela ukuvela kubantu asebekhulile, ngoba ubuthakathaka obubangelwa yiminyaka bungasiza ukuqala kwezimpawu.

Yini engabangela i-thrombophilia

Isifo sokuvala igazi esenzeka ku-thrombophilia singatholwa kuyo yonke impilo, noma sibe ngofuzo, sidluliselwe sisuka kubazali siye ezinganeni, ngofuzo. Ngakho-ke, izimbangela eziyinhloko zifaka:

1. Izimbangela ezitholakele

Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-thrombophilia etholakalayo yilezi:

• Ukukhuluphala;
• Imithambo ye-Varicose;
• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo;
• Ukukhulelwa noma i-puerperium;
• Isifo senhliziyo, i-infarction noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
• Isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma i-cholesterol ephezulu;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, njengokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo noma ukufaka ama-hormone esikhundleni. Qonda ukuthi izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zingayandisa kanjani ingozi ye-thrombosis;
• Hlala embhedeni izinsuku eziningi, ngenxa yokuhlinzwa, noma ukulaliswa esibhedlela okuthile;
• Ukuhlala isikhathi eside ohambweni lwendiza noma lwebhasi;
• Izifo ezizimele, njenge-lupus, i-rheumatoid arthritis noma i-antiphospholipid syndrome, isibonelo;
• Izifo ezibangelwa izifo ezifana ne-HIV, hepatitis C, ugcunsula noma umalaleveva, isibonelo;
• Umdlavuza.

Abantu abanezifo ezandisa amathuba e-thrombophilia, njengomdlavuza, i-lupus noma i-HIV, isibonelo, kumele balandelwe ngokuhlolwa kwegazi, isikhathi ngasinye lapho bebuya nodokotela owenza lokhu kulandelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvimbela i-thrombosis, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela, njengokulawula umfutho wegazi, isifo sikashukela kanye ne-cholesterol, ngaphezu kokungaqambi amanga noma ukuma isikhathi eside phakathi nezimo zokuhamba, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-puerperium noma ukulaliswa esibhedlela.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo kufanele kugwenywe ngabesifazane asebevele benengozi eyengeziwe ye-thrombophilia, njengalabo abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela noma umlando womndeni wezinguquko egazini.

2. Izimbangela zofuzo

Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-thrombophilia yefa yilezi:

• Ukushoda kwama-anticoagulants emvelo emzimbeni, okuthiwa amaprotheni C, amaprotheni S kanye ne-antithrombin, isibonelo;
• Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-homocysteine ​​amino acid;
• Izinguquko ezingqamuzaneni ezakha igazi, njengasekuguqukeni kweLeiden factor V;
• Ama-enzyme egazi amaningi abangela ama-clotting, njenge-factor VII ne-fibrinogen, isibonelo.

Yize i-thrombophilia eyifa ifakwa ngofuzo, kukhona ezinye izindlela zokuqapha ezingathathwa ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule, afana nalawo we-thrombophilia atholakele. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhambi we-anticoagulant kungakhonjiswa yi-hematologist ngemuva kokuhlola icala ngalinye.

Yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele zenziwe

Ukuze kutholakale lesi sifo, udokotela ojwayelekile noma i-hematologist kufanele asolise ngomlando womtholampilo nowomndeni womuntu ngamunye, noma kunjalo ezinye izivivinyo ezinjengokubalwa kwegazi, ushukela wegazi kanye namazinga e-cholesterol angayalelwa ukuthi aqinisekise futhi akhombise ukwelashwa okuhle kakhulu.

Lapho kusolwa i-thrombophilia yefa, ikakhulukazi lapho izimpawu zingase ziphindaphindwe, ngaphezu kwalezi zivivinyo, imithamo ye-enzyme yokuvala igazi iyacelwa ukuthi ihlole amazinga ayo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-thrombophilia kwenziwa ngokunakekela ukugwema i-thrombosis, njengokugwema ukuma isikhathi eside ohambweni, ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-anticoagulant ngesikhathi sokuhlala esibhedlela noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, futhi ikakhulukazi, ukulawula izifo ezandisa ubungozi bamahlule, njengokuphakama umfutho wegazi, isifo sikashukela nokukhuluphala ngokweqile, isibonelo. Kuphela ezimweni zokugula okubi, ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwemithi ye-anticoagulant kukhonjisiwe.

Kodwa-ke, lapho umuntu esevele enezimpawu ze-thrombophilia, i-vein thrombosis noma i-pulmonary embolism, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zomlomo ze-anticoagulant izinyanga ezimbalwa, njengeHeparin, iWarfarin noma iRivaroxabana powder, ngokwesibonelo. Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukwelashwa kwenziwa nge-anticoagulant ejojwayo futhi kuyadingeka ukuhlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Thola ukuthi yimaphi ama-anticoagulants asetshenziswa kakhulu nokuthi enzelwe ini.