Izinhlobo Zokuquleka Kwe-Focal Onset Epileptic

-Delile

• Yiziphi izinhlobo zokubanjwa kokuqala kokugxila?
• Ukuqala kokugxila kokuqwashisa
• Ukuqubuka kokuqwashisa okungakhuli kahle
• Ukubanjwa kokuqala okugxile okwesibili
• Izimpawu zokubanjwa kokuqala kokugxila
• Ku-lobe yesikhashana
• Ku-lobe engaphambili
• Esikhathini se-parietal lobe
• Ku-lobe ye-occipital
• Yiziphi izinto ezinobungozi zokuhlaselwa kokuqala okugxile?
• Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuhlaselwa kokuqala kokugxila?
• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba
• Ukuhlolwa kwesifo
• Kuphathwa kanjani ukuqala kokugxila?
• Imithi
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Amadivayisi
• Ukwelashwa kokudla
• Ungabiza nini udokotela wakho

Yikuphi ukubanjwa kokuqala kokugxila?

Ukuqubuka kokuqala kokuqhamuka kungukuqala okuqala endaweni eyodwa yobuchopho. Imvamisa zihlala ngaphansi kwemizuzu emibili. Ukuqothuka kokuqala kugxile kokuquleka okujwayelekile, okuthinta zonke izindawo zobuchopho.

Odokotela babevame ukubiza ukuquleka okugxile ekugxileni Kepha ngo-Ephreli 2017, i-International League Against Epilepsy yakhipha izigaba ezintsha ezashintsha igama kusuka ekuqulekeni okuyingxenye kuya ekuqobekeni okugxile.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokubanjwa kokuqala kokugxila?

Ngokusho kukaJohns Hopkins Medicine, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokubanjwa kokuqala kokugxila. Ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lokudlikiza okugxile kulo umuntu kusiza udokotela anqume ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Ukuqala kokugxila kokuqwashisa

Lokhu kubanjwa ngaphambili kwakwaziwa njengokuquleka okuyingxenye elula noma ukuquleka okugxile ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Umuntu onalolu hlobo lokuquleka akalahlekelwa ukwazi ngesikhathi sokubanjwa. Kodwa-ke, kuya ngendawo yobuchopho ethintekile, bangaba nezinguquko kumzwelo, ukunyakaza komzimba, noma umbono.

Ukubanjwa kwe-Jacksonian, noma ukumasha kweJacksonian, kunguhlobo lokubanjwa kokuqala kokugxila okujwayele ukuthinta uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba. Ukudikiza kuvame ukuqala endaweni eyodwa encane yomzimba, njengozwane, umunwe, noma ikona lomlomo, futhi "kumasha" kuya kwezinye izindawo zomzimba. Lo muntu uyazi ngesikhathi sokudlikiza kwaseJacksonian futhi kungenzeka angazi nokuthi kunokudlikiza okwenzekayo.

Ukuqubuka kokuqwashisa okungakhuli kahle

Lokhu kubanjwa ngaphambili kwakwaziwa njengokuquleka okuyinxenye okuyinkimbinkimbi noma ukuquleka okugxile kokungaqondakali. Ngalesi sikhathi sokubanjwa, umuntu uzohlangabezana nokulahlekelwa ukwazi noma aguquke ezingeni lokuqonda. Ngeke bazi ukuthi babe nokuquleka, futhi bangayeka ukuphendula imvelo yabo.

Kwesinye isikhathi, isimilo somuntu singase senze iphutha ngokunganaki noma ukungabanaki abanye lapho empeleni bequleka.

Ukubanjwa kokuqala okugxile okwesibili

Lokhu kubamba kungaqala engxenyeni eyodwa yobuchopho bese kudlulela kwezinye izingxenye. Abanye odokotela babheka ukuthathwa okugxile njenge-aura noma isexwayiso sokubanjwa okujwayelekile okuzayo.

Lokhu kubanjwa kuzoqala endaweni eyodwa kuphela yobuchopho, kepha bese kuqala ukusabalala. Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu angaba nokudlikizela, ukuqhuma kwemisipha, noma ithoni yemisipha ethintekile.

Izimpawu zokubanjwa kokuqala kokugxila

Izimpawu zokubanjwa kokuqala kokugxila, noma ngabe hlobo luni, zincike endaweni yobuchopho ethintekile. Odokotela bahlukanisa ubuchopho baba ama-lobes noma izifunda. Ngayinye inemisebenzi ehlukene ephazanyiswa ngesikhathi sokudlikiza.

Ku-lobe yesikhashana

Uma i-lobe yesikhashana ithinteka ngesikhathi sokudlikiza, ingadala:

• ukuthinta izindebe
• ukugwinya okuphindwayo
• ukuhlafuna
• uvalo
• i-déjà vu

Ku-lobe engaphambili

Ukuquleka ku-lobe engaphambili kungadala:

• kunzima ukukhuluma
• ikhanda nohlangothi noma ukunyakaza kweso
• ukwelula izingalo endaweni engajwayelekile
• ukuzamazama okuphindaphindiwe

Esikhathini se-parietal lobe

Umuntu onokuhlaselwa kokuqala okugxile ku-lobe ye-parietal angathola:

• ukuba ndikindiki, ukushosholoza, noma ngisho nobuhlungu emzimbeni
• isiyezi
• umbono uyashintsha
• umuzwa wokuthi umzimba wabo awusiwo owabo

Ku-lobe ye-occipital

Ukuquleka okugxile ku-lobe ye-occipital kungadala:

• izinguquko ezibukwayo ngobuhlungu bamehlo
• umuzwa wokuthi amehlo ahamba ngokushesha
• ukubona izinto ezingekho
• amajwabu amehlo

Yiziphi izinto ezinobungozi zokuhlaselwa kokuqala okugxile?

Abantu abake balimala kabi ebuchosheni esikhathini esedlule basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa kokuqala kokugxila. Ezinye izinto eziyingozi kulokhu kuthathwa zifaka umlando we:

• ukutheleleka kobuchopho
• isimila sobuchopho
• unhlangothi

Ubudala futhi bungaba yingozi. Abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthi baquleke besebancane noma ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60, ngokusho kweMayo Clinic. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu angabi nazici zobungozi futhi abe nokuhlaselwa kokuqala okugxile.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuhlaselwa kokuqala kokugxila?

Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba

Udokotela uzoqala ngokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi ahlole umzimba. Kwesinye isikhathi udokotela uzokwenza ukuxilongwa kususelwe encazelweni yezimpawu zakho. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlaselwa kokuqala okugxile kungadala izimpawu ezifana nezinye izimo. Izibonelo zale mibandela zifaka:

• izifo zengqondo
• ikhanda le-migraine
• izinzwa ezicindezelwe
• transient ischemic attack (TIA), okuyisibonakaliso sesixwayiso sohlangothi

Udokotela uzozama ukukhipha ezinye izimo ngenkathi enquma ukuthi izimpawu zakho zingasho yini ukuthi unokubanjwa kokuqala kokugxila.

Ukuhlolwa kwesifo

Udokotela futhi angasebenzisa izivivinyo zokuxilonga ukuthola ukuthi ngabe umuntu uyahlaselwa yini. Izibonelo zalezi zivivinyo zifaka:

I-Electroencephalogram (EEG): Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala futhi kutholakale isifunda somsebenzi kagesi ongajwayelekile ebuchosheni. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi umuntu onokugula okuqala kokugxila kungenzeka ukuthi akanakho ukuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo emisebenzini kagesi, lokhu kuhlolwa kungenzeka kungalutholi lolu hlobo lokudlikiza ngaphandle kokuthi lwenze kamuva.

Ukucabanga kwe-Magnetic resonance (MRI) noma i-computed tomography (CT): Lezi zifundo zokucabanga zingasiza udokotela ukuthi abone izimbangela ezingaba yimbangela ezihlobene nokuhlaselwa kokuqala.

Kuphathwa kanjani ukuqala kokugxila?

Ukuhlaselwa okugxile kungaphikelela imizuzu, amahora, noma ezimweni ezingavamile, izinsuku. Uma zihlala isikhathi eside, kulukhuni nakakhulu ukuthi ziyeke. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kudingeka ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha futhi kusetshenziswa imishanguzo ye-IV ukumisa ukuquleka. Odokotela bazobe sebegxila ekuvimbeleni ukuquleka ukuthi kungenzeki futhi.

Izibonelo zokwelashwa kokubanjwa zihlanganisa:

Imithi

Imithi yokwelapha imithi ingathathwa yodwa noma ihlanganiswe ukunciphisa amathuba okuthi ukuhlaselwa kwenzeke. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka phakathi i-lamotrigine (Lamictal) ne-carbamazepine (Tegretol).

Ukuhlinzwa

Ngenxa yokuthi ukuquleka kokuqala kugxile endaweni eyodwa yobuchopho, udokotela angancoma ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe leyo ndawo ethize ukunciphisa izehlakalo zokuquleka. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa uma iziguli zidinga imishanguzo eminingi yokulawula ukuquleka kwazo noma uma imishanguzo inamandla alinganiselwe noma imiphumela emibi engabekezeleleki. Yize ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho kuhlale kubeka izingozi, odokotela bakho bangakwazi ukukuphulukisa ekuqunjweni kwakho uma bekwazi ukukhomba ngokucacile umthombo owodwa wokuquleka. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho azikwazi ukususwa.

Amadivayisi

Kungafakwa idivayisi ebizwa nge-vagus nerve stimulator ukuthumela ukuqhuma kwamandla kagesi ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni izehlakalo zokuquleka. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu kusazodingeka ukuthi bathathe imishanguzo yabo yokuqeda imishanguzo ngisho nangedivayisi.

Ukwelashwa kokudla

Abanye abantu abanokubamba okuyingxenye bathole impumelelo ekudleni okukhethekile okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-ketogenic diet. Lokhu kudla kubandakanya ukufaka ama-carbohydrate ambalwa namanani aphezulu amafutha. Kodwa-ke, isimo esivimbelayo sokudla singenza kube nzima ukulandela, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.

Udokotela angancoma ukusebenzisa zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha noma inhlanganisela yazo njengendlela yokwelapha ukuwa kokuqala okugxile.

Ungabiza nini udokotela wakho

Kungaba nzima ukuthi umuntu abone lapho ehlaselwa yisifo sokugxila, ngokuya ngezimpawu zakhe. Uma umuntu elahlekelwe ulwazi, noma uma abangani nomndeni bebatshela ukuthi bavame ukubuka ngokungenalutho noma bavele sengathi abalaleli, lokhu kungaba yizimpawu zokuthi umuntu kufanele afune usizo lwezokwelapha. Futhi, uma ukuquleka kuhlala ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-5, sekuyisikhathi sokubiza udokotela noma uye egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo.

Kuze kube yilapho umuntu esebonana nodokotela wakhe, kufanele agcine incwadi yezimpawu zakhe nokuthi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani ukusiza udokotela ukuthi alandelele amaphethini okuhlaselwa okungenzeka kube khona.