Angina ongazinzile

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-angina engazinzile?
• Ngubani osengozini ye-angina engazinzile?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-angina engazinzile?
• I-angina engazinzile itholakala kanjani?
• Uphathwa kanjani u-angina ongazinzile?
• Imithi
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
• Ngingayivimbela kanjani i-angina engazinzile?

Yini i-angina engazinzile?

U-Angina ngelinye igama lobuhlungu besifuba obuhlobene nenhliziyo. Ungase futhi uzwe ubuhlungu kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, njenge:

• emahlombe
• intamo
• emuva
• izingalo

Ubuhlungu bungenxa yokunikezwa kwegazi okunganele emisipheni yenhliziyo yakho, okuncisha inhliziyo yakho umoya-mpilo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-angina: ezinzile futhi engazinzile.

I-angina esitebeleni yenzeka ngokubikezela. Kwenzeka lapho uzikhandla ngokomzimba noma uzizwa unengcindezi enkulu. I-angina eqinile ayiguquki imvamisa futhi ayibi kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-angina engazinzile ubuhlungu besifuba obenzeka lapho uphumule noma ngokuzikhandla noma ngokucindezeleka. Ubuhlungu buba bubi ngokweqile nobukhulu. I-angina engaqiniseki kusho ukuthi ukuvinjelwa emithanjeni ehambisa inhliziyo yakho ngegazi ne-oxygen kufinyelele ezingeni elibucayi.

Ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina engazinzile kuyisimo esiphuthumayo futhi kufanele ufune ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-angina engazinzile ingaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma i-arrhythmias (isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile). Lezi kungaba yizimo ezisongela impilo.

Yini ebangela i-angina engazinzile?

Isizathu esiyinhloko se-angina esingazinzile yisifo senhliziyo esibangelwa ukuqubuka koqwembe olusondele ezindongeni zemithambo yakho. Lolu qweqwe lubangela imithambo yegazi yakho ukuba ibe mincane futhi iqine. Lokhu kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuye emisipheni yenhliziyo yakho. Lapho imisipha yenhliziyo ingenalo igazi nomoya-mpilo owenele, uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba.

Ngubani osengozini ye-angina engazinzile?

Izici ezinobungozi besifo senhliziyo zihlanganisa:

• isifo sikashukela
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• i-cholesterol ephansi ye-lipoprotein (LDL) ephezulu
• i-cholesterol ephakeme kakhulu ye-lipoprotein (HDL)
• ukuba ngowesilisa
• usebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lukagwayi
• ukuhola impilo yokuhlala

Abesilisa abaneminyaka engama-45 nangaphezulu kanti abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-55 nangaphezulu maningi amathuba okuthola i-angina engazinzile.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-angina engazinzile?

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-angina ukungaphatheki kahle kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu. Ukuzwa kungahluka ngokuya ngomuntu.

Izimpawu ze-Angina zifaka:

• ubuhlungu besifuba obuzwa buchoboza, bufane nengcindezi, bukhama, noma bubukhali
• Ubuhlungu obuphuma emaphethelweni akho aphezulu (imvamisa ohlangothini lwesobunxele) noma emuva
• isicanucanu
• ukukhathazeka
• ukujuluka
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• isiyezi
• ukukhathala okungachazeki

Kungenzeka i-angina ezinzile iqhubekele phambili ibe yi-angina engazinzile. Uma une-angina ezinzile, qaphela noma yiziphi izinhlungu zesifuba ozizwayo ngisho nalapho uphumule. Futhi bukela izinhlungu zesifuba ezihlala isikhathi eside kunalokho ezihlala zikwenza noma ezizizwa zihlukile kuwe. Uma uthatha i-nitroglycerin, umuthi othuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi, ukuthola impumuzo ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kwe-angina okuzinzile, ungathola ukuthi umuthi awusebenzi ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kwe-angina okungazinzile.

I-angina engazinzile itholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba okubandakanya ukuhlola umfutho wegazi lakho. Bangasebenzisa ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa i-angina engazinzile, njenge:

• ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlola i-creatine kinase kanye nama-biomarkers enhliziyo (i-troponin) evuza emisipha yenhliziyo yakho uma ilimele
• i-electrocardiogram, ukubona amaphethini ekushayeni kwenhliziyo yakho okungakhombisa ukuncipha kokugeleza kwegazi
• i-echocardiography, ukukhiqiza izithombe zenhliziyo yakho eziveza ubufakazi bezinkinga zokugeleza kwegazi
• ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi, ukwenza inhliziyo yakho isebenze kanzima futhi yenze i-angina ibonakale kalula
• i-computed tomography angiography
• i-coronary angiography kanye ne-catheterization yenhliziyo, ukutadisha impilo nobungako bemithambo yakho

Ngenxa yokuthi i-coronary angiography isiza udokotela wakho ukubona ngeso lengqondo noma imuphi umthambo omncane nokuvaleka, kungenye yezivivinyo ezivame kakhulu abazisebenzisayo ukuthola i-angina engazinzile.

Uphathwa kanjani u-angina ongazinzile?

Ukwelashwa kwe-angina engazinzile kuya ngobukhulu besimo sakho.

Imithi

Enye yezindlela zokwelashwa zokuqala ongazincoma udokotela wakho ukuthi anciphise igazi, njenge-aspirin, i-heparin, noma i-clopidogrel. Lapho igazi lakho lingagudlile kangako, lingakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululeka ngemithambo yakho.

ingasebenzisa eminye imishanguzo ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-angina, kufaka phakathi izidakamizwa ezinciphisa:

• ukushaya kwegazi
• amazinga e-cholesterol
• ukukhathazeka
• izimpawu ze-arrhythmia

Ukuhlinzwa

Uma uvinjelwa noma uncipha kakhulu emthanjeni, udokotela wakho angancoma izinqubo ezengeziwe zokuhlasela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-angioplasty, lapho bevula khona umthambo owawukade uvinjelwe phambilini. Udokotela wakho futhi angafaka ishubhu elincane elaziwa njenge-stent ukugcina umthambo wakho uvulekile.

Ezimweni ezinzima, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. Le nqubo ibuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi kude nomthambo ovinjiwe ukusiza ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuye enhliziyweni yakho.

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila

Akunandaba ukuthi isimo sakho sibucayi kangakanani, kungadingeka ukuthi ushintshe indlela yakho yokuphila yesikhathi eside. Izinguquko zokuphila ezingathuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo yakho zifaka:

• ukudla ukudla okunempilo
• ukwehlisa ingcindezi yakho
• ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngaphezulu
• ukuncipha uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile
• ukuyeka ukubhema uma njengamanje ubhema

Zonke lezi zinguquko zinganciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa yi-angina futhi zinciphise nengozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinguquko ezifanele endleleni yakho yokuphila, kufaka phakathi indlela enempilo yokudla nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihamba phambili zonyaka zokuyeka ukubhema »

Ngingayivimbela kanjani i-angina engazinzile?

Izinketho zokuzinakekela okungezona ezemithi zifaka ukuthatha izinyathelo zokwehlisa isisindo, ukuyeka ukusebenzisa ugwayi, nokuvivinya umzimba njalo. Ukusebenzela indlela yokuphila enempilo kungathuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo yakho futhi kunciphise ubungozi beziqephu ezingazinzile ze-angina zesikhathi esizayo.