Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngokukhwehlela Okushayayo

-Delile

• Yiziphi izimbangela zokukhwehlela okukhwehlela kubantu abadala?
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane
• Isifuba Somoya
• I-COPD
• IGERD
• Ukungezwani komzimba
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Yiziphi izimbangela zokukhwehlela okuphefumulayo ezinganeni?
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-syncytial virus (RSV)
• I-bronchiolitis
• Amakhaza avamile noma i-croup
• Ukukhohlela okubi
• Ukungezwani komzimba
• Isifuba Somoya
• Ukuchofoza
• Ungakuthola nini ukunakekelwa ngokushesha
• Amakhambi asekhaya wokukhwehlela okuphefumulayo
• Intuthu
• Isihlungi
• Phuza iziphuzo ezifudumele
• Ukuzivocavoca umoya
• Gwema ukungezwani komzimba nomzimba
• Amanye amakhambi
• Okubalulekile

Ukukhwehlela okuvuthayo kuvame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane, i-asthma, i-allergies, futhi kwezinye izimo, izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu zezokwelapha.

Yize ukukhwehlela okuphefumulayo kungathinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, kungasabisa ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka enganeni. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde izimbangela, izimpawu, kanye nokwelashwa kwesikhwehlela esishayayo kubantu abadala nabancane.

Yiziphi izimbangela zokukhwehlela okukhwehlela kubantu abadala?

Ukukhwehlela okukhwehlela kubantu abadala kungadalwa yizifo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokwe-American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zifaka phakathi le mibandela elandelayo.

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma ngamagciwane okufana ne-bronchitis eveza ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo nomqubuko, ukuphefumula okuncane, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma umkhuhlane ophansi kungaholela ekukhwehleleni okuphefumulayo. Futhi, umkhuhlane ovamile, okuwukutheleleka ngegciwane, kungadala ukuvutha uma uhlala esifubeni.

I-pneumonia, engabangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta, ibangela ukuvuvukala emasakeni emoyeni emaphashini akho. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula, futhi izimpawu zingafaka ukukhwehlela noma ukukhwehlela kwe-phlegmy, kanye nomkhuhlane, ukujuluka noma ukubanda, ubuhlungu besifuba nokukhathala.

Isifuba Somoya

Izimpawu zesifuba somoya zingadala ukuthi ulwelwesi lomoya wakho uvuvukale futhi lube mncane, futhi imisipha esemoyeni wakho iqinise. Imigwaqo yomoya bese igcwala amafinyila, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi umoya ungene emaphashini akho.

Lezi zimo zingaletha ukuqhuma kwesifuba somoya noma ukuhlaselwa. Izimpawu zifaka:

• ukukhwehlela
• ukuphefumula, kokubili lapho uphefumula futhi ukhwehlela
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukuqina esifubeni
• ukukhathala

I-COPD

Isifo samaphaphu esingapheliyo, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-COPD, yisikhathi sesambulela sezifo eziningana zamaphaphu eziqhubekayo. Okuvame kakhulu yi-emphysema ne-bronchitis engamahlalakhona. Abantu abaningi abane-COPD banezimo zombili.

• I-Emphysema yisimo samaphaphu esenzeka kaningi kubantu ababhemayo. Kancipha kancane kancane futhi kubhubhise amasaka omoya emaphashini akho. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi amasaka amunce umoya-mpilo, ngenxa yalokho, umoya-mpilo omncane uyakwazi ukungena egazini. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuphefumula okuncane, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula, nokukhathala okukhulu.
• I-bronchitis engapheli kubangelwa ukulimala kwamashubhu e-bronchial, ikakhulukazi imicu efana nezinwele ebizwa ngokuthi i-cilia. Ngaphandle kwe-cilia, kungaba nzima ukukhwehlela amafinyila, abangela ukukhwehlela okwengeziwe. Lokhu kuyacasula amashubhu kubangele ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukuphefumula, futhi futhi kungaholela ekukhwehleleni kwesifuba.

IGERD

Ngesifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal (GERD), isisu se-asidi sibuyele emuva esikhunjeni sakho. Kubizwa nangokuthi i-acid regurgitation noma i-acid reflux.

I-GERD ithinta cishe amaphesenti angama-20 abantu e-United States. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula, nokuphefumula okuncane. Uma kungenakwelashwa, ukucasuka okuvela kulezi zimpawu kungaholela ekukhwehleleni okungapheli.

Ukungezwani komzimba

Ukungezwani komzimba nempova, izibungu zothuli, isikhunta, i-pet dander, noma ukudla okuthile kungaholela ekukhwehleleni kwesifuba.

Yize kuyivelakancane, abanye abantu bangathola i-anaphylaxis, okuyisimo esibucayi, esisongela impilo esiphuthumayo kwezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha. Ukusabela kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvezwa i-allergen enezimpawu ezibandakanya:

• ukuphefumula nokukhathazeka ukuphefumula
• ulimi oluvuvukile noma umphimbo
• ukuqubuka
• isifuba
• ukuqina kwesifuba
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza

Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-anaphylactic reaction, shayela u-911 ngokushesha.

Isifo senhliziyo

Ezinye izinhlobo zesifo senhliziyo zingadala uketshezi emaphashini. Lokhu, nakho, kungaholela ekukhwehleleni okungapheli nokushaywa yifinyila emhlophe noma ebomvana, enegazi.

Yiziphi izimbangela zokukhwehlela okuphefumulayo ezinganeni?

Njengabantu abadala, kunezifo ezahlukahlukene nezimo ezingadala ukuthi umntwana akhwehlele ukukhwehlela.

Ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokukhwehlela okuphefumulayo ezinganeni zifaka lezi zimo ezilandelayo.

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-syncytial virus (RSV)

I-RSV igciwane elivame kakhulu elingathinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni nasezinsaneni. Eqinisweni, ngokusho kwe-, iningi lezingane lizothola i-RSV ngaphambi kokuba libe neminyaka emibili ubudala.

Ezimweni eziningi, izinsana zizobhekana nezimpawu ezinjengokubanda okubandayo, kufaka phakathi ukukhwehlela okuphefumulayo. Kodwa ezinye izimo zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu futhi zibangele izifo ezinzima kakhulu njenge-bronchiolitis noma i-pneumonia.

Izingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kanye nezinsana ezinamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka noma izimo zenhliziyo noma zamaphaphu, zisengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga.

I-bronchiolitis

I-bronchiolitis, okutheleleka okuvamile kwamaphaphu ezinganeni ezincane, kungenzeka lapho ama-bronchioles (amaphaseji amancane omoya emaphashini) evuvukile noma egcwele umqubuko, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi ingane iphefumule.

Uma lokhu kwenzeka, usana lwakho lungathola ukukhwehlela okuphefumulayo. Izimo eziningi ze-bronchiolitis zibangelwa yi-RSV.

Amakhaza avamile noma i-croup

Ukukhwehlela okuphefumulayo kungenzeka lapho izinsana zinegciwane lesandulela ngculaza njengokubanda noma i-croup.

Impumulo egxishiwe noma egijimayo ingaba yinkomba yakho yokuqala yokuthi ingane yakho ibanjwe umkhuhlane. Ukukhishwa kwawo ngamakhala kungabonakala ekuqaleni bese kuba luhlaza futhi kube luhlaza okotshani ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ezinye izimpawu ngaphandle kokukhwehlela nekhala elixineneyo zifaka:

• imfiva
• ukuxokozela
• ukuthimula
• ubunzima bobuhlengikazi

I-croup ingadalwa yizinhlobo eziningana zamagciwane. Eziningi zivela kumkhuhlane ovamile noma i-RSV. Izimpawu ze-croup ziyefana nezomkhuhlane, kepha futhi zifaka ukukhwehlela nokukhotha.

Ukukhohlela okubi

Ukukhwehlela, okubizwa nangokuthi i-pertussis, yisifo sokuphefumula esibangelwa uhlobo lwama-bacteria. Yize ingathinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, ingaba yimbi kakhulu ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezisencane.

Ekuqaleni, izimpawu ziyefana nezomkhuhlane futhi zifaka ikhala eligobayo, umkhuhlane nokukhwehlela. Kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa, kungavela ukukhwehlela okomile nokuphikelelayo okwenza ukuphefumula kube nzima kakhulu.

Yize izingane zivame ukwenza umsindo othi "whoop" lapho zizama ukuphefumula ngemuva kokukhwehlela, lo msindo awuvamile ezinganeni.

Ezinye izimpawu zokukhwehlela ezinganeni nasezinsaneni zifaka:

• isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma nsomi ezungeze umlomo
• ukoma komzimba
• umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi
• ukuhlanza

Ukungezwani komzimba

Ukungezwani komzimba nezibungu zothuli, intuthu kagwayi, i-pet dander, impova, ukulunywa yizinambuzane, isikhunta, noma ukudla okunjengobisi nemikhiqizo yobisi kungadala ukuthi umntwana akhwehlele.

Yize kuyivelakancane, ezinye izingane zingathola i-anaphylaxis, okuyisimo esibucayi, esisongela ukuphila esiphuthumayo kwezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

Ukusabela kwenzeka cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvezwa i-allergen futhi kufana nezimpawu zomuntu omdala, njenge:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• ulimi oluvuvukile noma umphimbo
• ukuqubuka noma isifuba
• isifuba
• ukuhlanza

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ine-anaphylactic reaction, shayela u-911 ngokushesha.

Isifuba Somoya

Ngenkathi odokotela abaningi bethanda ukulinda ukuthola isifo se-asthma kuze kube yilapho ingane inonyaka ubudala, usana lungahlangabezana nezimpawu ezinjenge-asthma njengokukhwehlela komoya.

Kwesinye isikhathi, udokotela anganikeza imithi ye-asthma ngaphambi kokuba ingane ibe nonyaka ubudala ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyasabela yini ekwelashweni kwesifuba somoya.

Ukuchofoza

Uma ingane encane noma ingane iqala ukukhwehlela ngokuzumayo, noma ngaphandle kokushaywa umoya, futhi ingenamkhuhlane noma olunye uhlobo lokugula, hlola ngokushesha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayiminyaniswa yini. Izinto ezincane zingabambeka kalula emphinjeni wengane, okungadala ukuthi zikhwehlele noma zivunguze.

Ukuklinwa kudinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ungakuthola nini ukunakekelwa ngokushesha

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma wena, ingane yakho, noma ingane yakho ukhwehlela futhi:

• ukuphefumula kanzima
• ukuphefumula kuba ngokushesha noma okungafani
• kuduma isifuba
• umbala wesikhumba ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• ukuqina kwesifuba
• ukukhathala ngokweqile
• ukushisa okuqinile okungaphezu kuka-101 ° F (38.3 ° C) ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu, noma ngaphezulu kuka-103 ° F (39.4 ° C) kunoma ngubani omunye umuntu
• ukukhwehlela okuqubukayo kuqala ngemuva kokuphuza umuthi, ukulunywa yisinambuzane, noma ukudla ukudla okuthile

Uma ingane yakho ingaphilile futhi inesifo sokukhwehlela, qiniseka ukuthi uyalandela nodokotela wezingane. Ngoba izinsana azikwazi ukukhuluma ngezimpawu zazo nokuthi zizizwa kanjani, ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono kakhulu ukuthi ingane yakho ihlolwe udokotela wezingane ukuze ithole ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufanele.

Amakhambi asekhaya wokukhwehlela okuphefumulayo

Kunamakhambi amaningana asekhaya ongazama ukuwasiza ukuphatha izimpawu zokukhwehlela uma ungekho kakhulu.

Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi uqhubeke, qiniseka ukuthi udokotela wakho ukunikeze izithupha zokwelapha ukukhwehlela kwakho okufuthelayo ekhaya. Le mithi yasekhaya ayihloselwe ukufaka indawo yokwelashwa, kepha ingasiza ekuyisebenziseni ngemithi noma ngemithi elungiselelwe ngudokotela wakho.

Intuthu

Lapho uhogela umoya omanzi noma umusi, ungaqaphela ukuthi kulula ukuphefumula. Lokhu kungasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ubunzima bokukhwehlela kwakho.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokusebenzisa umusi ukukhwehlela okuphefumulayo. Ungakwazi:

• Thatha ishawa eshisayo umnyango uvaliwe nefeni icishiwe.
• Gcwalisa isitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, ubeke ithawula ekhanda lakho, bese uncika phezu kwesitsha ukuze ukwazi ukuhogela umoya omanzi.
• Hlala endlini yangasese ngenkathi kushawa. Le yindlela enhle yokusebenzisa umusi wosana.

Isihlungi

I-humidifier isebenza ngokukhulula umusi noma umusi wamanzi emoyeni ukukhulisa umswakama. Umoya ophefumulayo onomswakama omningi kuwo ungasiza ukukhulula amafinyila futhi unciphise isiminyaminya.

Ukusebenzisa i-humidifier kufanelekile kubantu abadala nabancane. Cabanga ukusebenzisa i-humidifier encane ebusuku ngenkathi wena noma ingane yakho ilele.

Phuza iziphuzo ezifudumele

Itiye elishisayo, amanzi afudumele nethisipuni loju, noma olunye uketshezi olufudumele kungasiza ukukhulula amafinyila kuphumule nendlela yomoya. Itiye elishisayo alizifanele izingane.

Ukuzivocavoca umoya

Kubantu abadala abane-asthma ye-bronchial, izivivinyo zokuphefumula ezijulile, ezifana nalezo ezenziwa nge-yoga, zingasiza kakhulu.

Kutholakale ukuthi abantu abane-asthma ye-bronchial, abenza izivivinyo zokuphefumula imizuzu engama-20 kabili ngosuku amasonto ayi-12, banezimpawu ezimbalwa nokusebenza kwamaphaphu okungcono kunalabo abangazange benze izivivinyo zokuphefumula.

Gwema ukungezwani komzimba nomzimba

Uma wazi ukuthi ukukhwehlela kwakho kuletha ukusabela okweqile entweni ethile emvelweni, thatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa noma ukugwema ukuxhumana nanoma yini engabangela ukungezwani komzimba kwakho.

Ezinye zezifo zemvelo ezivame kakhulu zibandakanya impova, izibungu zothuli, isikhunta, isilwane esifuywayo, ukulunywa yizinambuzane ne-latex. Ukungezwani kokudla okuvamile kufaka phakathi ubisi, ukolweni, amaqanda, amantongomane, inhlanzi kanye ne-shellfish, nosoya.

Ungase futhi ufune ukugwema intuthu kagwayi ngoba kungenza ukukhwehlela okuhogelayo kube kubi kakhulu.

Amanye amakhambi

• Zama uju. Kubantu abadala noma izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-1 ubudala, isipuni soju singanciphisa ukukhwehlela kunemithi ethile yokukhwehlela. Unganiki uju enganeni engaphansi konyaka ngenxa yobungozi be-botulism.
• Cabanga ngemithi yokukhwehlela yasesitolo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungayisebenzisi le mithi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6, ngoba zingadala imiphumela emibi eyingozi.
• Suck kumaconsi okukhwehlela noma uswidi onzima. Ukwehla kwelamula, uju, noma okwehliswayo okukhonjisiwe kwe-menthol kungasiza ekunciphiseni imigwaqo yomoya ecasukile. Gwema ukunikeza lokhu izingane ezincane, ngoba ziyingozi yokuminyaniswa.

Okubalulekile

Ukukhwehlela okukhwehlela kaningi kuyisifo sokugula okuncane noma isimo sezokwelapha esilawulekayo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukunaka ubunzima, ubude, nezinye izimpawu ezihambisana nokukhwehlela, ikakhulukazi ngezinsana nezingane ezincane.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho noma usana lunokukhwehlela okuhambisana nokuphefumula okushesha, okungajwayelekile noma okusebenza kanzima, umkhuhlane omkhulu, isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma ukuqina kwesifuba, qiniseka ukuthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Futhi funa ukunakwa ngokushesha uma ucabanga ukuthi ukukhwehlela okuhogelayo kungaba ngenxa ye-anaphylaxis, okuyisimo esibi, esisongela impilo. Kulesi simo, ukusabela kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokuvezwa i-allergen.

Ngaphandle kokuphefumula noma ukukhwehlela, ezinye izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuqubuka noma isifuba, ulimi oluvuvukile noma umphimbo, ukuqina kwesifuba, isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza.