Ukushoda kwe-folate

I-folate-deficiency anemia ukwehla kwamaseli abomvu egazi (i-anemia) ngenxa yokushoda kwe-folate. I-Folate uhlobo lwevithamini B. Kubizwa nangokuthi i-folic acid.

I-anemia yisimo lapho umzimba ungenawo amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele anele. Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anikeza umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zomzimba.

I-folate (folic acid) iyadingeka ukuze amangqamuzana abomvu egazi akhe futhi akhule. Ungathola ubungqabavu ngokudla imifino eluhlaza kanye nesibindi. Kodwa-ke, umzimba wakho awugcini i-folate ngamanani amakhulu. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukudla ukudla okunothile kakhulu ukuze ugcine amazinga ajwayelekile ale vithamini.

E-folate-deficiency anemia, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi makhulu ngokungajwayelekile. Amaseli anjalo abizwa ngokuthi ama-macrocyte. Zibizwa nangokuthi ama-megaloblasts, lapho zibonakala emnkantsheni wethambo. Yingakho le anemia ibizwa nangokuthi i-megaloblastic anemia.

Izimbangela zalolu hlobo lwe-anemia zifaka:

• I-folic acid encane kakhulu ekudleni kwakho
• I-hemolytic anemia
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile isikhathi eside
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile (njenge-phenytoin [Dilantin], methotrexate, sulfasalazine, triamterene, pyrimethamine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ne-barbiturates)

Okulandelayo kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho kulolu hlobo lwe-anemia:

• Ukuphuza ngokweqile
• Ukudla ukudla okuphekwe ngokweqile
• Ukudla okungenampilo (okuvame ukubonwa kwabampofu, kubantu abadala, nakubantu abangazidli izithelo noma imifino emisha)
• Ukukhulelwa
• Ukudla kwesisindo

I-folic acid iyadingeka ukusiza ingane esibelethweni ukuba ikhule kahle. I-folic acid encane kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ingaholela ekukhubazekeni kokuzalwa enganeni.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukukhathala
• Ubuthakathaka
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Pallor
• Umlomo nolimi olumunyu

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)
• Izinga le-folate elibomvu leseli elibomvu

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuhlolwa komnkantsha kungenziwa.

Umgomo ukukhomba nokwelapha imbangela yokushoda kwamakhophi.

Ungathola izengezo ze-folic acid ngomlomo, zijojowe emisipheni, noma ngomthambo (ezimweni ezingavamile). Uma unamazinga aphansi e-folate ngenxa yenkinga ngamathumbu akho, ungadinga ukwelashwa impilo yakho yonke.

Izinguquko zokudla zingasiza ukukhuphula izinga lakho lobuntu. Yidla imifino ethe xaxa eluhlaza, enamaqabunga nezithelo ezisawolintshi.

I-folate-deficiency anemia ivame ukuphendula kahle ekwelashweni ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezi-6. Kungaba ngcono lapho kulashwa imbangela eyimbangela yokushoda.

Izimpawu ze-anemia zingadala ukungakhululeki. Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukushoda kwe-folate kuhlotshaniswa ne-neural tube noma ukukhubazeka komgogodla (njenge-spina bifida) enganeni.

Okunye, izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu zingafaka:

• Izinwele ezimpunga
• Umbala wesikhumba owandisiwe (i-pigment)
• Ukungabi nenzalo
• Ukuqina kwesifo senhliziyo noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma unezimpawu zokushoda kwe-folate.

Ukudla ukudla okuningi okunothile kungasiza ukuvimbela lesi simo.

Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi abesifazane bathathe ama-micrograms angu-400 (mcg) ama-folic acid nsuku zonke ngaphambi kokukhulelwa nangezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa kwabo.

• I-Megaloblastic anemia - ukubuka kwamaseli abomvu egazi
• Amaseli egazi

U-Antony AC. Ama-anemias we-Megaloblastic. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ama-eds. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 39.

UKumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Izinhlelo ze-hematopoietic ne-lymphoid. Ku: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, ama-eds. I-Robbins Basic Pathology. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 12.