Ukuwohloka komqondo ngenxa yezimbangela ze-metabolic

Ukuwohloka komqondo ukulahleka kokusebenza kobuchopho okwenzeka ngezifo ezithile.

Ukuwohloka komqondo ngenxa yezimbangela ze-metabolic ukulahleka kokusebenza kobuchopho okungenzeka ngezinqubo zamakhemikhali ezingajwayelekile emzimbeni. Ngokunye kwalokhu kuphazamiseka, uma kulashwa kusenesikhathi, ukungasebenzi kobuchopho kungaguqulwa. Ukushiya kungalashwa, ukulimala unomphela kobuchopho, njengokuwohloka komqondo, kungenzeka.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona zokuwohloka komqondo zifaka:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwehomoni, njengesifo i-Addison, isifo seCushing
• Ukuvezwa kwensimbi esindayo, njengokuhola, i-arsenic, i-mercury, noma i-manganese
• Phinda iziqephu zikashukela wegazi ophansi (i-hypoglycemia), evame ukubonwa kubantu abanesifo sikashukela abasebenzisa i-insulin
• Izinga eliphakeme le-calcium egazini, njengokuthi ngenxa ye-hyperparathyroidism
• Izinga eliphansi le-hormone ye-thyroid (hypothyroidism) noma izinga eliphezulu le-hormone yegilo (thyrotoxicosis) emzimbeni
• Isibindi sokuqina kwesibindi
• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Ukuphazamiseka kokudla okunempilo, njengokuntuleka kukavithamini B1, ukushoda kukavithamini B12, i-pellagra, noma ukungondleki kahle kwamaprotheni-khalori
• I-Porphyria
• Ubuthi, njenge-methanol
• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala
• Isifo sikaWilson
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemitochondria (izingxenye ezikhiqiza amandla zamaseli)
• Izinguquko ezisheshayo ezingeni le-sodium

Ukuphazamiseka komzimba kungadala ukudideka nezinguquko ekucabangeni nasekucabangeni. Lezi zinguquko zingaba zesikhashana noma ezihlala njalo. Ukuwohloka komqondo kwenzeka lapho izimpawu zingaphenduki. Izimpawu zingahluka kuwo wonke umuntu. Bancike esimweni sempilo esibangela ukuwohloka komqondo.

Izimpawu zokuqala zokuwohloka komqondo zingabandakanya:

• Ubunzima ngemisebenzi ethatha umcabango othile kepha ejwayele ukuza kalula, njengokulinganisa ibhuku lokuhlola, ukudlala imidlalo (njengebhuloho), nokufunda imininingwane emisha noma imizila
• Ukulahleka emizileni ejwayelekile
• Izinkinga zolimi, njengokuhlupheka ngamagama ezinto ezijwayelekile
• Ukulahlekelwa intshisekelo ezintweni ebezijatshulelwa phambilini, imizwa eqondile
• Ukubeka izinto ngokungafanele
• Izinguquko zobuntu kanye nokulahleka kwamakhono omphakathi, okungaholela ekuziphatheni okungafanele
• Izinguquko zemood ezingadala izinkathi zobudlova nokukhathazeka
  
• Ukungenzi kahle emsebenzini okuholela ekwehlisweni esikhundleni noma ekulahlekelweni umsebenzi
  

Njengoba ukuwohloka komqondo kuya ngokuya kuba kubi, izimpawu zisobala futhi ziphazamisa ikhono lokuzinakekela:

• Ukushintsha izindlela zokulala, imvamisa ukuvuka ebusuku
• Ukukhohlwa imininingwane ngemicimbi yamanje, ukukhohlwa izehlakalo zomlando wokuphila komuntu
• Ukuba nobunzima ekwenzeni imisebenzi eyisisekelo, njengokulungiselela ukudla, ukukhetha izingubo ezifanele, noma ukushayela
• Ukuba nemibono, ukuphikisana, ukushaya nokuziphatha ngodlame
• Ubunzima obuningi bokufunda noma ukubhala
• Ukwahlulela kabi nokulahlekelwa amandla okubona ingozi
• Kusetshenziswa igama elingalungile, hhayi ukuphimisela amagama kahle, ukukhuluma ngemisho edidayo
• Ukuhoxa ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi

Umuntu angahle abe nezimpawu ezivela ekuphazamisekeni okudale ukuwohloka komqondo.

Ngokuya ngesizathu, kwenziwa uhlelo lwezinzwa (ukuhlolwa kwe-neurologic) ukukhomba izinkinga.

Ukuhlolwa kokuthola isimo sezokwelapha okubangela ukuwohloka komqondo kungafaka:

• Izinga le-ammonia egazini
• I-chemistry yegazi, ama-electrolyte
• Izinga le-glucose yegazi
• BUN, creatinine ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi
• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar (umpompi womgogodla)
• Ukuhlolwa kokudla okunempilo
• Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi we-thyroid
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• Izinga le-Vitamin B12

Ukunqanda ukuphazamiseka okuthile kobuchopho, i-EEG (electroencephalogram), ikhanda le-CT scan, noma i-head MRI scan kuvame ukwenziwa.

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukuphatha ukugula kanye nezimpawu zokulawula. Ngokuphazamiseka okuthile komzimba, ukwelashwa kungamisa noma kubuyise nezimpawu zokuwohloka komqondo.

Imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo i-Alzheimer ayiboniswanga ukuthi isebenza kulezi zinhlobo zezifo. Kwesinye isikhathi, le mithi isetshenziswa noma kunjalo, lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehluleka ukulawula izinkinga ezisisekelo.

Kufanele kwenziwe nezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwabantu abanokuwohloka komqondo.

Umphumela uyehluka, kuya ngesizathu sokuwohloka komqondo nenani lomonakalo ebuchosheni.

Izinkinga zingafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukulahleka kwekhono lokusebenza noma lokuzinakekela
• Ukulahlekelwa kwamandla okuxhumana
• I-pneumonia, izifo zomgudu womchamo, kanye nezifo zesikhumba
• Izilonda zengcindezi
• Izimpawu zenkinga eyimbangela (njengokulahlekelwa umuzwa ngenxa yokulimala kwemizwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kukavithamini B12)

Shayela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uma izimpawu ziba zimbi noma ziqhubeka. Iya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele inombolo yendawo ephuthumayo (efana ne-911) uma kuba noshintsho olungazelelwe esimweni sengqondo noma isimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila.

Ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo kunganciphisa ubungozi bokuwohloka komqondo komzimba.

Ubuchopho obungapheli - umzimba; Ukuqonda okuphakathi - umzimba; I-MCI - umzimba

• Ubuchopho
• Ubuchopho nesistimu yezinzwa

UBudson AE, uSolomon PR. Ezinye izinkinga ezibangela ukulahleka kwememori noma ukuwohloka komqondo. Ku: Budson AE, uSolomon PR, ama-eds. Ukulahleka Kwememori, Isifo Sika-Alzheimer, Ne-Dementia. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 14.

IKnopman DS. Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo nokuwohloka komqondo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 374.

Peterson R, Graff-Radford J. Isifo i-Alzheimer nezinye izifo zomqondo. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 95.