Umdlavuza we-Vulvar

Umdlavuza we-Vulvar umdlavuza oqala esithweni sangasese. Umdlavuza we-Vulvar uvame ukuthinta ama-labia, amafolda esikhumba ngaphandle kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Kwezinye izimo, umdlavuza we-vulvar uqala kwi-clitoris noma kwizindlala ezinhlangothini zokuvula kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Iningi lomdlavuza we-vulvar uqala kumaseli esikhumba abizwa ngama-squamous cells. Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezitholakala esithweni sangasese yilezi:

• I-Adenocarcinoma
• I-basal cell carcinoma
• I-Melanoma
• I-Sarcoma

Umdlavuza weVulvar uyivelakancane. Izici zobungozi zifaka:

• Igciwane le-human papilloma virus (i-HPV, noma i-genital warts) ukutheleleka kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50
• Izinguquko zesikhumba ezingapheli, njenge-lichen sclerosis noma i-squamous hyperplasia kwabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50
• Umlando womdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho noma umdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Ukubhema

Abesifazane abanesimo esibizwa nge-vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza we-vulvar osakazekayo. Izimo eziningi ze-VIN, noma kunjalo, azikaze ziholele kumdlavuza.

Ezinye izinto ezingaba yingozi zingafaka:

• Umlando wama-Pap smears angajwayelekile
• Ukuba nabalingani abaningi ocansini
• Ukuya ocansini kokuqala ku-16 noma ngaphansi

Abesifazane abanalesi simo bavame ukulunywa ezungeze isitho sangasese iminyaka. Kungenzeka ukuthi basebenzise okhilimu abahlukene besikhumba. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi bopha noma bakhiphe ngaphandle kwezikhathi zabo.

Olunye ushintsho lwesikhumba olungase luvele ezungeze i-vulva:

• I-Mole noma i-freckle, engaba pinki, ebomvu, emhlophe, noma empunga
• Ukuqina kwesikhumba noma isigaxa
• Ubuhlungu besikhumba (isilonda)

Ezinye izimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu noma ukuvutha ngokuchama
• Ubuhlungu ngokuya ocansini
• Iphunga elingajwayelekile

Abanye besifazane abanomdlavuza we-vulvar abanazimpawu.

Izivivinyo ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukuthola umdlavuza we-vulvar:

• Isidumbu
• I-CT scan noma i-MRI yesikhumba sokubheka ukusabalala komdlavuza
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic ukubheka noma yiziphi izinguquko zesikhumba
• Ukuskena kwePositron emission tomography (PET)
• Colposcopy

Ukwelashwa kubandakanya ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Uma isimila sikhulu (ngaphezu kuka-2 cm) noma sikhule ngokujule esikhunjeni, ama-lymph node asendaweni ye-groin nawo angasuswa.

Imisebe, noma ngaphandle noma ngamakhemikhali, ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha:

• Izicubu ezisezingeni eliphakeme ezingenakulashwa ngokuhlinzwa
• Umdlavuza weVulvar obuyayo

Unganciphisa ukucindezela kokugula ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekela umdlavuza. Ukwabelana nabanye abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile nezinkinga kungakusiza ungazizwa uwedwa.

Iningi labesifazane abanomdlavuza we-vulvar abatholakala futhi belashwe zisencane benza kahle. Kepha umphumela wowesifazane uncike ku:

• Usayizi wesimila
• Uhlobo lomdlavuza we-vulvar
• Ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini

Umdlavuza uvame ukubuya noma useduze nendawo yesimila sokuqala.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukusabalala komdlavuza kwezinye izindawo zomzimba
• Imiphumela emibi yemisebe, ukuhlinzwa, noma i-chemotherapy

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili:

• Ukucasuka kwasendaweni
• Ukushintshwa kombala wesikhumba
• Okubuhlungu esithweni sangasese

Ukwenza ucansi oluphephile kunganciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-vulvar. Lokhu kubandakanya ukusebenzisa amakhondomu ukuvikela ezifweni zocansi (ama-STI).

Umuthi wokugoma uyatholakala ukuvikela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zokutheleleka nge-HPV. Umuthi wokugoma uvunyelwe ukuvikela umdlavuza wesibeletho kanye nezinsumpa zangasese. Kungasiza ukuvimbela eminye imidlavuza exhunywe ne-HPV, njengomdlavuza we-vulvar. Umuthi wokugoma unikezwa amantombazane asemancane ngaphambi kokuba aqale ukuya ocansini, nakubantu abasha kanye nabesifazane abaze babe neminyaka engama-45.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic okujwayelekile kungasiza ukuthola umdlavuza we-vulvar ekuqaleni. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambilini kuthuthukisa amathuba akho okuthi ukwelashwa kuzophumelela.

Umdlavuza - isitho sangasese; Umdlavuza - i-perineum; Umdlavuza - i-vulvar; Izinsumpa zangasese - umdlavuza we-vulvar; I-HPV - umdlavuza we-vulvar

• I-anatomy yabesifazane engaphelele

UFrumovitz M, iBodurka DC. Izifo ze-Neoplastic ze-vulva: lichen sclerosus, neoplasia ye-intraepithelial, isifo se-paget, ne-carcinoma. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. I-Gynecology ephelele. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 30.

UJhingran A, uRussell AH, uSeiden MV, et al. Umdlavuza wesibeletho, isitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, abahleli. I-Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 84.

UKoh WJ, uGreer BE, u-Abu-Rustum NR, et al. Umdlavuza we-Vulvar, i-Version 1.2017, i-NCCN Imihlahlandlela Yomtholampilo Yokuzilolonga ku-Oncology. UJ Natl Compr Cancer Netw. 2017; 15 (1): 92-120. I-PMID: 28040721 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28040721/.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-Vulvar (PDQ) - inguqulo yezobuchwepheshe yezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/vulvar/hp/vulvar-ukulapha-pdq. Kubuyekezwe uJanuwari 30, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoJanuwari 31, 2020.