Ukuhlolwa kombono wombala

Ukuhlolwa kombala kuhlola ikhono lakho lokuhlukanisa phakathi kwemibala ehlukene.

Uzohlala endaweni enethezekile ekukhanyeni okuvamile. Umhlinzeki wezempilo uzokuchazela isivivinyo.

Uzokhonjiswa amakhadi amaningana anamaphethini wamachashazi anemibala. Lawa makhadi abizwa ngokuthi amapuleti e-Ishihara. Kumaphethini, amanye amachashazi azovela enze izinombolo noma izimpawu. Uzocelwa ukuthi ukhombe izimpawu, uma kungenzeka.

Njengoba umboza iso elilodwa, umhloli uzobamba amakhadi amayintshi angu-14 (35 centimeters) ebusweni bakho bese ekucela ukuthi usheshe ukhombe uphawu olutholakala kuphethini ngayinye yombala.

Ngokuya ngenkinga okusolakala ngayo, ungacelwa ukuthi unqume ukuqina kombala, ikakhulukazi esweni elilodwa kuqhathaniswa nelinye. Lokhu kuvame ukuvivinywa kusetshenziswa ikepisi lebhodlela le-eyedrop elibomvu.

Uma ingane yakho yenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa, kungasiza ukuchaza ukuthi isivivinyo sizozizwa kanjani, nokuzijwayeza noma ukubonisa kudoli. Ingane yakho iyozizwa ingakhathazeki kangako ngokuhlolwa uma uchaza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani nokuthi kungani.

Imvamisa kuba nekhadi lesampula lamachashazi amibalabala cishe wonke umuntu angalikhomba, ngisho nabantu abanezinkinga zokubona ngombala.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho nivame ukufaka izibuko, zigqoke ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Izingane ezincane zingacelwa ukuthi zitshele umehluko phakathi kwengqayi yamabhodlela abomvu namakepisi ombala ohlukile.

Isivivinyo siyefana nokuhlolwa kombono.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukunquma ukuthi unazo yini izinkinga ngombono wakho wombala.

Izinkinga zokubona imibala zivame ukuwela ezigabeni ezimbili:

• Zethula kusukela ekuzalweni (kokuzalwa) ezinkingeni ezithinta ukukhanya (izigaxa) ze-retina (ungqimba oluzwela ukukhanya ngemuva kweso) - kusetshenziswa amakhadi ombala kuleli cala.
• Izifo zemizwa ye-optic (i-nerve ethwala imininingwane ebonakalayo ukusuka esweni iye ebuchosheni) - ama-caps amabhodlela asetshenziswa kuleli cala.

Imvamisa, uzokwazi ukuhlukanisa yonke imibala.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kunganquma izinkinga ezilandelayo zokubeletha (ezikhona kusukela ekuzalweni):

• I-Achromatopsia - ubumpumputhe bombala ophelele, ubona kuphela izithunzi ezimpunga
• I-Deuteranopia - kunzima ukutshela umehluko phakathi kokubomvu / nsomi nokuluhlaza / nsomi
• I-Protanopia - kunzima ukutshela umehluko phakathi kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka / okuluhlaza nokubomvu / okuluhlaza okotshani
• I-Tritanopia - kunzima ukutshela umehluko phakathi kokuphuzi / okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka / okuluhlaza okotshani

Izinkinga ezinzwa ze-optic zingabonakala njengokulahleka kokuqina kombala, noma ukuhlolwa kwekhadi lemibala kungajwayelekile.

Azikho izingozi ngalokhu kuhlolwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo - umbala; Ukuhlolwa kombono - umbala; Ishihara umbala wokubuka umbala

• Ukuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala

I-Bowling B. Hereditary fundus dystrophies. Ku: Bowling B, ed. IKanski’s Clinical Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 15.

UFeder RS, u-Olsen TW, uPrum BE Jr, et al. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kwabantu abadala okuphelele okuncomekayo imihlahlandlela yephethini yokwenza. I-Ophthalmology. 2016; 123 (1): 209-236. I-PMID: 26581558 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26581558.

UWallace DK, uMorse CL, uMelia M, et al; I-American Academy of Ophthalmology Iphethini Yokuzikhethela Ekhethiwe Yezingane I-Ophthalmology / Iphaneli yeStrabismus. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo ezingane Iphethini Yokuzikhethela Ekhethwayo: I. ukubonwa kombono ekunakekelweni okuyisisekelo nasezimeni zomphakathi; II. ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwe-ophthalmic. I-Ophthalmology. 2018; 125 (1): 184-227. I-PMID: 29108745 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29108745.