Umdlavuza webele emadodeni

Umdlavuza webele umdlavuza oqala ezicutshini zamabele. Kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane banezicubu zamabele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ngubani, kubandakanya abesilisa nabafana, angaba nomdlavuza webele.

Umdlavuza webele emadodeni uyivelakancane. Umdlavuza wamabele wesilisa ubala ngaphansi kuka-1% wawo wonke umdlavuza webele.

Imbangela yomdlavuza webele emadodeni ayicaci. Kodwa kunezici ezinobungozi ezenza umdlavuza webele ube semathubeni amaningi emadodeni:

• Ukuvezwa yimisebe
• Amazinga aphezulu e-estrogen ngenxa yezici ezinjengokuphuza ngokweqile, ukuqina kwesibindi, ukukhuluphala, neminye imithi yokwelapha umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa
• Ufuzo, njengomlando womndeni womdlavuza webele, uguquko lwe-BRCA1 noma i-BRCA2, kanye nokuphazamiseka okuthile kofuzo, njenge-Klinefelter syndrome
• Izicubu zamabele ezeqile (gynecomastia)
• Abantu abadala - abesilisa bavame ukutholakala benomdlavuza webele phakathi kweminyaka engama-60 kuya kwengama-70

Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele emadodeni zifaka:

• Isigaxa noma ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zesifuba. Isifuba esisodwa singaba sikhulu kunesinye.
• Isigaxa esincane ngaphansi kwengono.
• Izinguquko ezingajwayelekile engonweni noma esikhunjeni esizungeze ingono njengokubomvu, ukukala, noma ukupakisha.
• Ukukhishwa kwengono.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzothatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni. Uzoba nokuhlolwa komzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwesifuba.

Umhlinzeki wakho anga-oda ezinye izivivinyo, kufaka phakathi:

• I-mammogram.
• I-ultrasound yamabele.
• I-MRI yebele.
• Uma noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kusikisela umdlavuza, umhlinzeki wakho uzokwenza i-biopsy ukuhlola umdlavuza.

Uma umdlavuza utholakala, umhlinzeki wakho uzo-oda ezinye izivivinyo ukuthola:

• Umdlavuza ungakhula ngokushesha kangakanani
• Kungenzeka kangakanani ukusabalala
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungaba ngcono kakhulu
• Ayini amathuba okuthi umdlavuza ubuye

Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• Ukuskena kwamathambo
• Iskena se-CT
• Ukuskena kwe-PET
• I-Sentinel lymph node biopsy ukubheka ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini kuma-lymph node

Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy nokunye kuzosetshenziselwa ukukala nokufaka isimila. Imiphumela yalezo zivivinyo izosiza ekunqumeni ukwelashwa kwakho.

Izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza webele emadodeni zifaka:

• Ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha isifuba, ama-lymph node ngaphansi kwengalo, ulwelwesi phezu kwemisipha yesifuba, nemisipha yesifuba, uma kudingeka
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele nokukhomba izicubu ezithile
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza asabalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba
• Ukwelashwa kweHormone ukuvimba ama-hormone angasiza izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza webele ukuba zikhule

Ngesikhathi nangemva kokwelashwa, umhlinzeki wakho angakucela ukuthi uhlolwe kakhulu. Lokhu kungafaka izivivinyo owawunazo ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa. Ukuhlolwa kokulandelela kuzobonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kanjani. Bazokhombisa nokuthi umdlavuza ubuya yini.

Umdlavuza uthinta indlela ozizwa ngayo ngawe nangempilo yakho. Unganciphisa ukucindezela kokugula ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekela umdlavuza. Ukwabelana nabanye abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo nezinkinga kungakusiza uzizwe ungaphansi kwesizungu. Iqembu futhi lingakukhomba kuzinsiza eziwusizo zokuphatha isimo sakho.

Cela umhlinzeki wakho akusize uthole iqembu lokwesekwa lamadoda atholakale enomdlavuza webele.

Umbono wesikhathi eside wabesilisa abanomdlavuza webele muhle kakhulu lapho umdlavuza utholakala futhi welashwa kusenesikhathi.

• Cishe ama-91% wabesilisa abaphathwa ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza usabalalele nakwezinye izindawo zomzimba abanawo umdlavuza ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu.
• Cishe abesilisa abathathu kwabane belashelwa umdlavuza osudlulele kuma-lymph node kepha hhayi kwezinye izindawo zomzimba abanawo umdlavuza eminyakeni emihlanu.
• Abesilisa abanomdlavuza osakazekele ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba banethuba elincane lokusinda isikhathi eside.

Izinkinga zifaka imiphumela emibi evela ekuhlinzweni, emisebeni, nasekhemotherapy.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho khona manjalo uma ubona okuthile okungajwayelekile ngesifuba sakho, kufaka phakathi izigaxa, izinguquko zesikhumba, noma ukuphuma.

Ayikho indlela ecacile yokuvimbela umdlavuza webele emadodeni. Indlela engcono yokuzivikela ukwenza lokhu:

• Yazi ukuthi abesilisa bangaba nomdlavuza webele
• Yazi izici zakho zobungozi bese ukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa nokutholwa kusenesikhathi ngokuhlolwa uma kudingeka
• Yazi izimpawu ezingaba khona zomdlavuza webele
• Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko esifubeni sakho

Ukungena ngaphakathi kwe-ductal carcinoma - owesilisa; I-Ductal carcinoma in situ - owesilisa; I-Intraductal carcinoma - owesilisa; Umdlavuza webele ovuthayo - owesilisa; Isifo se-paget yengono - owesilisa; Umdlavuza webele - owesilisa

Hunt KK, Mittendorf EA. Izifo zesifuba. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 34.

UJain S, uGradishar WJ. Umdlavuza webele wesilisa. Ku: Bland KI, Copeland EM, Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, ama-eds. Isifuba: Ukuphathwa Okuphelele Kwezifo ZeBenign Nezimbi. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 76.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamabele wesilisa (PDQ) - inguqulo yezobuchwepheshe yezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/male-breast- ukwelashwa-pdq. Kubuyekezwe u-Agasti 28, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 19, 2020.