I-Hodgkin lymphoma ezinganeni

I-Hodgkin lymphoma ngumdlavuza wezicubu ze-lymph. Izicubu zomzimba zitholakala kuma-lymph node, ubende, amalaka, isibindi, umnkantsha kanye nezinye izitho zomzimba. Amasosha omzimba asivikela ezifweni nasezifweni.

Lo mbhalo ukhuluma nge-Classical Hodgkin lymphoma ezinganeni, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu.

Ezinganeni, iHodgkin lymphoma kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi yenzeke phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 kuye kwengu-19. Ayaziwa imbangela yalolu hlobo lomdlavuza. Kepha, izici ezithile zingadlala indima kuHodgkin lymphoma ezinganeni. Lezi zinto zifaka:

• Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr, igciwane elibangela i-mononucleosis
• Ezinye izifo lapho amasosha omzimba engasebenzi kahle
• Umlando womndeni weHodgkin lymphoma

Ukutheleleka okuvamile kwasebuntwaneni nakho kungakhuphula ubungozi.

Izimpawu zeHodgkin lymphoma zifaka:

• Ukuvuvukala okungenasici kwama-lymph node entanyeni, emakhwapheni, noma emgodini (izindlala ezivuvukele)
• Umkhuhlane ongachazeki
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki
• Ukujuluka ebusuku
• Ukukhathala
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Ukulunywa umzimba wonke

Umhlinzeki wezempilo uzothatha umlando wezempilo wengane yakho. Umhlinzeki uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ukuze ahlole ama-lymph node avuvukile.

Umhlinzeki angenza lezi zivivinyo zebhu lapho kusolwa isifo seHodgkin:

• Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali egazi - kufaka phakathi amazinga wamaprotheni, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso, kanye nezinga le-uric acid
• I-ESR ("Isilinganiso Sed")
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)
• I-x-ray yesifuba, evame ukukhombisa izimpawu zobunzima endaweni ephakathi kwamaphaphu

I-lymph node biopsy iqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kweHodgkin lymphoma.

Uma i-biopsy ibonisa ukuthi ingane yakho ine-lymphoma, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo eziningi ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza usakaze kangakanani. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isiteji. Isiteji sisiza ukuhola ukwelashwa nokulandelwa kwesikhathi esizayo.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kwentamo, isifuba, isisu, kanye ne-pelvis
• I-bone marrow biopsy
• Ukuskena kwe-PET

I-Immunophenotyping ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri okusetshenziselwa ukukhomba amaseli, ngokuya ngezinhlobo zama-antigen noma omaka ebusweni beseli. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga uhlobo oluthile lwe-lymphoma ngokuqhathanisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza namaseli ajwayelekile amasosha omzimba.

Ungakhetha ukukhetha ukunakekelwa esikhungweni somdlavuza wezingane.

Ukwelashwa kuzoya ngeqembu eliyingozi ingane yakho ewela kulo. Ezinye izinto ezizocatshangelwa zifaka:

• Iminyaka yengane yakho
• Ucansi
• Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa

I-lymphoma yengane yakho izoqoqwa njengeyingcuphe ephansi, ingozi ephakathi, noma ingozi ephezulu ngokuya ngokuthi:

• Uhlobo lweHodgkin lymphoma (kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zeHodgkin lymphoma)
• Isiteji (lapho isifo sesisabalale khona)
• Ukuthi isimila esikhulu sikhulu yini futhi sihlukaniswa "njengesifo esikhulu"
• Uma lona umdlavuza wokuqala noma ubuyile (uphinde)
• Ukuba khona komkhuhlane, ukwehla kwesisindo, nokujuluka ebusuku

I-Chemotherapy imvamisa ukwelashwa kokuqala.

• Ingane yakho ingadinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ekuqaleni. Kepha imishanguzo yamakhemikhali inikezwa emtholampilo, futhi ingane yakho isazohlala ekhaya.
• I-Chemotherapy inikezwa emithanjeni (IV) futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngomlomo.

Ingane yakho nayo ingathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe isebenzisa ama-x-ray aphethwe ngamandla ezindaweni ezithintekile zomdlavuza.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingafaka:

• Ukwelashwa okuqondisiwe okusebenzisa izidakamizwa noma amasosha omzimba ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okuphuza kakhulu kungalandelwa ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell (usebenzisa ama-stem cell wengane yakho
• Ukuhlinzwa akujwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukususa lolu hlobo lomdlavuza, kepha kungadingeka ezimweni ezingavamile

Ukuba nengane enomdlavuza kungenye yezinto ezinzima kunazo zonke ongake ubhekane nazo njengomzali. Ukuchaza ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba nomdlavuza enganeni yakho ngeke kube lula. Uzodinga futhi nokufunda ukuthi ungaluthola kanjani usizo nokuxhaswa ukuze ukwazi ukubhekana kalula nalokhu.

Ukuba nengane enomdlavuza kungaba yingcindezi. Ukujoyina iqembu lokwesekwa lapho abanye abazali noma imindeni yabelana ngokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kwakho.

• Umphakathi We-Leukemia neLymphoma - www.lls.org
• INational Children's Cancer Society - www.thenccs.org/how-we-help/

I-Hodgkin lymphoma iyelapheka ezimweni eziningi. Noma ngabe lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lubuya, amathuba okwelashwa ahle.

Ingane yakho izodinga ukuhlolwa njalo nokuhlolwa kwe-imaging iminyaka ngemuva kokwelashwa. Lokhu kuzosiza umhlinzeki ahlole izimpawu zokubuya komdlavuza kanye nemiphumela yokwelashwa yesikhathi eside.

Ukwelashwa kweHodgkin lymphoma kungaba nezinkinga. Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe ingavela izinyanga noma iminyaka ukwelashwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "imiphumela yesikhathi esedlule." Kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngemiphumela yokwelashwa nethimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Yini ongayilindela ngokuya ngemiphumela yesikhathi esedlule kuncike ekwelashweni okuthile okutholwa yingane yakho. Ukukhathazeka kwemiphumela yangemva kwesikhathi kufanele kulinganiswe yisidingo sokwelapha nokwelapha umdlavuza.

Qhubeka nokulandela udokotela wengane yakho ukuqapha nokusiza ukuvimbela lezi zinkinga.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma ingane yakho ivuvukele ama-lymph node ngomkhuhlane ohlala isikhathi eside noma unezinye izimpawu zeHodgkin lymphoma. Shayela umhlinzeki wengane yakho uma ingane yakho ine-Hodgkin lymphoma futhi inemiphumela emibi evela ekwelashweni.

I-Lymphoma - Hodgkin - izingane; Isifo se-Hodgkin - izingane; Umdlavuza - Hodgkin lymphoma - izingane; Ubuntwana Hodgkin lymphoma

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). I-Lymphoma - Hodgkin - ubuntwana. www.cancer.net/cancer-types/lymphoma-hodgkin-childhood. Kubuyekezwe uDisemba 2018. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 7, 2020.

UHochberg J, uGoldman SC, uCairo MS. I-Lymphoma. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 523.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa kweHodgkin lymphoma ebuntwaneni (PDQ) - inguqulo yezobuchwepheshe yezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/child-hodgkin- ukwelashwa-pdq. Kubuyekezwe ngoFebhuwari 3, 2021. Kufinyelelwe ngoFebhuwari 23, 2021.