Ama-3-D Ama-Mammograms: Okudingeka Ukwazi

-Delile

• Ziyini izinzuzo?
• Yiziphi izinkinga?
• Ngubani ozongenela ukhetho lwale nqubo?
• Kubiza malini?
• Yini ongayilindela
• Uthini ucwaningo?
• Ukuthatha

Ukubuka konke

I-mammogram iyi-X-ray yezicubu zamabele. Isetshenziselwa ukusiza ukuthola umdlavuza webele. Ngokwesiko, lezi zithombe zithathwe ngo-2-D, ngakho-ke ziyizithombe ezimnyama nezimhlophe ezicaba ezihlinzekwa ngumhlinzeki wezempilo esikrinini sekhompyutha.

Kukhona futhi ama-mammograms ama-3-D atholakalayo angasetshenziswa nge-2-D mammogram noma eyedwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuthatha izithombe eziningi zamabele ngasikhathi sinye ezinhlangothini ezahlukene, kwakheka isithombe esicace kakhudlwana, nobukhulu.

Ungase futhi uzwe lobu buchwepheshe obuthuthuke kakhulu obubizwa nge-digital breast tomosynthesis noma umane u-tomo.

Ziyini izinzuzo?

Ngokusho kwe-US Breast Cancer Statistics, cishe abesifazane abangu-63,000 bazotholakala benohlobo lomdlavuza webele ongahlaseli ngo-2019, kuyilapho abesifazane ababalelwa ku-270,000 bezotholakala benefomu elihlaselayo.

Ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo sokubamba lesi sifo ngaphambi kokuba sisakaze kanye nokwenza ngcono amazinga okusinda.

Ezinye izinzuzo ze-3-D mammography zifaka okulandelayo:

• Kuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa yi-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
• Kungcono ukuthola umdlavuza webele kwabesifazane abasebasha abanezicubu zamabele eziminyene.
• Ikhiqiza izithombe ezinemininingwane efana naleyo ongayithola nge-CT scan.
• Iyanciphisa ukuqokwa okwengeziwe kokuhlolwa kwezindawo ezingenawo umdlavuza.
• Uma kwenziwa wedwa, akuvezi umzimba emisebeni emikhulu kakhulu kune-mammography yendabuko.

Yiziphi izinkinga?

Cishe amaphesenti angama-50 ezinsiza ze-Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium zinikeza ama-mammograms ama-3-D, okusho ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe abukatholakali kalula kuwo wonke umuntu.

Nazi ezinye zezinkinga ezingaba khona:

• Kubiza ngaphezu kwe-2-D mammography, futhi umshwalense ungawumboza noma ungawufihli.
• Kuthatha isikhashana ukwenza nokwenza ukutolika.
• Uma isetshenziswa kanye ne-2-D mammography, ukuvezwa kwemisebe kuphakama kancane.
• Ubuchwepheshe obusha sha, okusho ukuthi akuzona zonke izingozi nezinzuzo ezisasunguliwe.
• Kungaholela ekuxilongweni ngokweqile noma “ekukhumbuleni okungamanga.”
• Akutholakali kuzo zonke izindawo, ngakho-ke kungadingeka ukuthi uhambe.

Ngubani ozongenela ukhetho lwale nqubo?

Eminyakeni engama-40 abesifazane abanobungozi obuphakathi komdlavuza webele kufanele bakhulume nomhlinzeki wabo wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo mayelana nokuthi baqale nini ukuhlola.

I-American Cancer Society incoma ngokukhethekile ukuthi abesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-45 nengama-54 banama-mammograms minyaka yonke, kulandelwe ukuvakashelwa njalo eminyakeni emibili kuze kube okungenani ubuneminyaka engama-64.

I-US Preventive Services Task Force ne-American College of Physicians bancoma ukuthi abesifazane bathole ama-mammograms njalo ngonyaka, kusukela eminyakeni yobudala engama-50 kuya kwengama-74.

Kuthiwani nge-tomosynthesis yebele? Lobu buchwepheshe bungaba nezinzuzo kwabesifazane kuyo yonke iminyaka yobudala. Lokho kusho, izicubu zesifuba sabesifazane ngemuva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ziba zincane kakhulu, okwenza kube lula ukubona izicubu kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-2-D.

Njengomphumela, ama-mammograms ama-3-D angasiza kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebasha, abangaphambi kokuya esikhathini nokuthola izicubu zamabele eziqinile, ngokusho kweHarvard Health.

Kubiza malini?

Ngokwezibalo zezindleko, i-3-D mammography ibiza kakhulu kune-mammogram yendabuko, ngakho-ke umshwalense wakho ungakukhokhisa kakhulu ngalokhu kuhlolwa.

Izinqubomgomo eziningi zomshuwalense zimboza isivivinyo se-2-D ngokugcwele njengengxenye yokunakekelwa kokuvikela. Nge-tomosynthesis yebele, umshuwalense kungenzeka ungakhokhi izindleko nhlobo noma ungakhokhisa i-copay kufika ku- $ 100.

Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi iMedicare yaqala ukumboza ukuhlolwa kwe-3-D ngonyaka ka-2015. Kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka wezi-2017, izifundazwe ezinhlanu bezicabanga ukwengeza ukumbozwa okuphoqelekile kwe-digital breast tomosynthesis. Izifundazwe ezinezikweletu ezihlongozwayo zibandakanya iMaryland, iNew Hampshire, iNew Jersey, iNew York neTexas.

Uma ukhathazekile ngezindleko, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho womshuwalense wezokwelapha ukuze ufunde ngokumbozwa kohlelo lwakho.

Yini ongayilindela

Ukuba ne-mammogram ye-3-D kufana kakhulu nesipiliyoni se-2-D. Eqinisweni, umehluko kuphela ongawubona ukuthi kuthatha umzuzu owodwa ukwenza isivivinyo se-3-D.

Kokubili ukuhlolwa, isifuba sakho sicindezelwe phakathi kwamapuleti amabili. Umehluko ukuthi nge-2-D, izithombe zithathwa kuphela kuma-engeli angaphambili nasemahlangothini. Nge-3-D, izithombe zithathwa kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi "izingcezu" kusuka kuma-engeli amaningi.

Kuthiwani ngokungaphatheki kahle? Futhi, okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-2-D ne-3-D kuyefana. Akukho kuphazamiseka okuhambisana nokuhlolwa okuthuthukile kunokwesiko.

Ezimweni eziningi, ungahle ube nazo zombili izivivinyo ze-2-D ne-3-D ezenziwe ndawonye. Kungathatha ama-radiologists isikhathi eside ukuhumusha imiphumela kusuka kuma-mammograms ama-3-D ngoba kunezithombe eziningi okufanele zibukelwe ngaphezulu.

Uthini ucwaningo?

Isethi yedatha ekhulayo iphakamisa ukuthi ama-mammograms ama-3-D angathuthukisa amazinga wokuthola umdlavuza.

Ocwaningweni olushicilelwe kwi-The Lancet, abacwaningi bahlole ukutholwa besebenzisa ama-mammograms ama-2-D kuphela uma kuqhathaniswa ukusebenzisa zombili ama-mammograms ama-2-D no-3-D ndawonye.

Kuma-cancer angu-59 atholakele, angama-20 atholakala esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obungu-2-D no-3-D. Akekho kulawa mdlavuza atholakele kusetshenziswa uhlolo lwe-2-D kuphela.

Ucwaningo olulandelayo luye lwavumelana nalokhu okutholakele kodwa lwaxwayisa ngokuthi inhlanganisela ye-2-D ne-3-D mammography ingaholela "ekukhumbuleni okungelona iqiniso." Ngamanye amagama, ngenkathi kutholakala umdlavuza omningi kusetshenziswa inhlanganisela yobuchwepheshe, kungahle kuholele nasekuthini ukwazi ukuxilongwa ngokweqile.

Futhi olunye ucwaningo lubheke isikhathi esithathayo ukuthola izithombe bese uzifundela izimpawu zomdlavuza. Ngama-mammograms ama-2-D, isikhathi esimaphakathi sasizungeze imizuzu emi-3 namasekhondi ayi-13. Ngama-mammograms ama-3-D, isikhathi esimaphakathi sasizungeze imizuzu engu-4 namasekhondi ama-3.

Ukuhumusha imiphumela nge-3-D bekukude futhi: imizuzwana engama-77 uma kuqhathaniswa nemizuzwana engama-33. Abaphenyi baphetha ngokuthi lesi sikhathi esengeziwe sasifanele. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezithombe ze-2-D ne-3-D kuthuthukise ukunemba kokuhlolwa futhi kwaholela ekukhumbuleni okumbalwa.

Ukuthatha

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nama-mammograms ama-3-D, ikakhulukazi uma uyi-premenopausal noma usola ukuthi unezicubu zamabele eziminyene. Umhlinzeki wakho womshuwalense angachaza noma yiziphi izindleko ezihambisanayo, kanye nezindawo zokwabelana eziseduze kwakho ezenza ukuhlolwa kwe-3-D.

Akunandaba ukuthi ukhetha yiphi indlela, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nokuhlolwa kwakho konyaka. Ukuthola umdlavuza webele kusenesikhathi kusiza ekubambeni lesi sifo ngaphambi kokuthi sisabalalele nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ukuthola umdlavuza phambilini kuvula nezindlela eziningi zokwelashwa futhi kungahle kuthuthukise izinga lokusinda kwakho.