Yini Ebangela Lezi Zimpawu Ezimnyama Neziluhlaza?

-Delile

• Izimo ezidala imihuzuko, nezithombe
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo
• Impi
• I-Thrombocytopenia
• Umdlavuza wegazi
• Isifo seVon Willebrand
• Ukulimala ekhanda
• Ukuqhuma kweqakala
• Imisipha yamagciwane
• I-hemophilia A
• Isifo sikaKhisimusi (hemophilia B)
• Ukushoda kwe-Factor VII
• Ukushoda kweFactor X
• Ukushoda kwe-Factor V
• Ukushoda kweFactor II
• Imithambo ye-Varicose
• I-vein thrombosis ejulile (i-DVT)
• Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemivimbo ezikhona?
• Ziyini izimpawu nezimpawu zemihuzuko?
• Izimpawu ezinzima
• Yini ebangela imihuzuko?
• Izinkinga zokopha
• Ungayelapha kanjani imihuzuko
• Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukulinyazwa

Ukulimaza

Amamaki amnyama nahlaza okwesibhakabhaka avame ukuhlotshaniswa nemihuzuko. Umhuzuko, noma ukuhlangana, kuvela esikhunjeni ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka. Izibonelo zokuhlukumezeka ukusika noma ukushaya endaweni yomzimba. Ukulimala kubangela ukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi emincane ebizwa ngokuthi ama-capillaries. Igazi libanjwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba, okudala ukulimala.

Ukuqubuka kungenzeka kunoma yisiphi isikhathi. Eminye imihuzuko ibonakala inobuhlungu obuncane kakhulu, futhi ungahle ungayiboni. Yize imihuzuko ivamile, kubalulekile ukwazi izinketho zokwelashwa kwakho nokuthi ngabe isimo sakho siyakudinga yini ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo.

Izimo ezidala imihuzuko, nezithombe

Imihuzuko eminingi ibangelwa ukulimala emzimbeni. Ezinye izimo ezicashile zingenza ukulimazeka kuvame kakhulu. Nazi izimbangela eziyi-16 zokulimala.

Isexwayiso: Izithombe zezithombe ngaphambili.

Ukulimala kwezemidlalo

• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo yilokho okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca noma ngenkathi ubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo.
• Kubandakanya amathambo aphukile, izingcindezi nokuganga, ukususwa, imisipha edabukile nokuvuvuka kwemisipha.
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo kungahle kwenzeke ngokuhlukumezeka noma ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile.

Funda i-athikili ephelele mayelana nokulimala kwezemidlalo.

Impi

• Lokhu ukulimala kwengqondo okulimazayo okuncane okungenzeka ngemuva komthelela ekhanda lakho noma ngemuva kokulimala kohlobo lwe-whiplash.
• Izimpawu zokushayisana ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu bokulimala nomuntu olimele.
• Izinkinga zememori, ukudideka, ukozela noma ukuzwa ukuvilapha, isiyezi, ukubona kabili noma ukungaboni kahle, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuzwela ekukhanyeni noma emsindweni, izinkinga zebhalansi, kanye nokuphuza ukusabela ezintweni ezishukumisayo ngezinye zezimpawu ezingenzeka.
• Izimpawu zingaqala ngokushesha, noma zingase zingakhuli amahora, izinsuku, amasonto, noma izinyanga ngemuva kokulimala ekhanda.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngokushayisana.

I-Thrombocytopenia

• I-Thrombocytopenia isho ukubalwa kweplatelet okungaphansi kunokujwayelekile. Kungabangelwa izimo ezahlukahlukene.
• Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu.
• Izimpawu zingabandakanya imihuzuko ebomvu, nsomi, noma nsundu, ukuqubuka okunamachashazi amancane abomvu noma ansomi, ukuphuma kwegazi, ukopha kwezinsini, ukopha isikhathi eside, igazi elisezindlini kanye nomchamo, ukuhlanza okunegazi, nokopha okunzima kokuya esikhathini.

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-thrombocytopenia.

Umdlavuza wegazi

• Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza wegazi ezenzeka lapho amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi emnkantsheni wethambo ekhula engalawuleki.
• Ama-leukemias ahlukaniswa ukuqala (okungamahlalakhona noma okunamandla) nezinhlobo zamaseli ezihilelekile (amaseli we-myeloid nama-lymphocyte).
• Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka ukujuluka okweqile, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, ukukhathala nobuthakathaka okungapheli nokuphumula, ukuncipha kwesisindo ngokungenhloso, ubuhlungu bamathambo, nobumnene.
• Ama-lymph node angenabuhlungu, avuvukile (ikakhulukazi entanyeni nasemakhwapheni), ukukhulisa isibindi noma ubende, izindawo ezibomvu esikhunjeni (petechiae), ukopha kalula nokulimala kalula, umkhuhlane noma ukugodola, kanye nokutheleleka njalo nakho kuyizimpawu ezingenzeka.

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-leukemia.

Isifo seVon Willebrand

• Isifo iVon Willebrand yisifo sokopha esibangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-von Willebrand factor (VWF).
• Uma amazinga akho e-VWF asebenzayo ephansi, amaplatelet akho ngeke akwazi ukujiya kahle, okuholela ekopheni isikhathi eside.
• Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zifaka ukulimazeka okulula, ukuphuma kwegazi okweqile, ukopha isikhathi eside ngemuva kokulimala, ukuphuma ezinsinini, nokuphuma kwegazi okunzima ngokungajwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngesifo iVon Willebrand.

Ukulimala ekhanda

Lesi simo sithathwa njengesiphuthumayo kwezokwelapha. Kungadingeka ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

• Lokhu kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokulimala ebuchosheni bakho, kugebhezi, noma ekhanda.
• Ukulimala okuvamile kwekhanda kufaka phakathi ukuxubana, ukuphuka kogebhezi, namanxeba ekhanda.
• Ukulimala ekhanda kuvame ukubangelwa ukushaywa ebusweni noma ekhanda, noma ukunyakaza okunikina ikhanda ngamandla.
• Kubalulekile ukwelapha ngokungathi sína konke ukulimala ekhanda futhi uhlolwe ngudokotela.
• Izimpawu eziyingozi ezikhomba isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha zibandakanya ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuxhuzula, ukuhlanza, ukulinganisela noma izinkinga zokuxhumanisa, ukudideka, ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungajwayelekile, ikhanda eliphikelelayo noma eliya lisiba libi, ukulahlekelwa ukulawula imisipha, ukulahleka kwememori, ukuvuza koketshezi olucacile kusuka endlebeni noma ekhaleni , nokulala ngokweqile.

Funda udaba oluphelele mayelana nokulimala ekhanda.

Ukuqhuma kweqakala

• Lokhu ukulimala emaqenjini aqinile ezicubu (imigqa) ezungeze futhi axhume amathambo omlenze onyaweni.
• Ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho unyawo luguquka ngokungazelelwe noma ligoqa, kuphoqa ukuhlangana kweqakala endaweni yalo ejwayelekile.
• Ukuvuvukala, isisa, ukulinyazwa, ubuhlungu, ukungakwazi ukubeka isisindo eqakaleni elithintekile, ukushintsha kwesikhumba, nokuqina yizimpawu ezingenzeka.

Funda i-athikili ephelele mayelana nama-ankle sprains.

Imisipha yamagciwane

• Izinkinga zemisipha zenzeka lapho imisipha yeluleke kakhulu noma idabukile ngenxa yokusebenzisa ngokweqile noma ukulimala.
• Izimpawu zibandakanya ukuqala ngokungazelelwe kobuhlungu, ukukhathazeka, ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe, ukulimaza noma ukushintsha umbala, ukuvuvukala, umuzwa "onamaqhina", ukuqina kwemisipha nokuqina.
• Amagciwane amaphakathi kuya kokulingene angalashwa ngempumelelo ekhaya ngokuphumula, iqhwa, ukucindezelwa, ukuphakama, ukushisa, ukunweba okulula, kanye nemithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala.
• Funa ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo uma ubuhlungu, ukulimaza, noma ukuvuvukala kungapheli esontweni noma kuqala ukuba kubi kakhulu, uma indawo elimele ibindiki noma yopha, uma ungakwazi ukuhamba, noma uma ungakwazi ukunyakazisa izingalo zakho noma imilenze.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngezinhlobo zemisipha.

I-hemophilia A

• Lesi yisifo sokopha esizuzwe njengefa lapho umuntu entula noma enamazinga aphansi wamaprotheni athile abizwa ngokuthi ama-clotting factor, futhi negazi alihlanganisi kahle ngenxa yalokho.
• Izimpawu zezifo zibangelwa ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo okunquma ukuthi umzimba uzenza kanjani izinto ezijiyisayo i-VIII, IX, noma i-XI.
• Ukuntuleka kwalezi zinto kubangela ukopha okulula nenkinga ngokuqina kwegazi kubantu abathintekile.
• Ukopha okuzenzekelayo, ukulimazeka okulula, ukopha ngamakhala, ukopha kwezinsini, ukopha isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma ukulimala, ukopha emalungeni, ukopha ngaphakathi, noma ukopha ebuchosheni ngezinye zezimpawu ezingaba khona.

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-Hemophilia A.

Isifo sikaKhisimusi (hemophilia B)

• Ngalesi sifo esingajwayelekile sezakhi zofuzo, umzimba ukhiqiza i-IX encane noma cha, okwenza igazi livalwe ngendlela engafanele.
• Ngokuvamile kutholakala ebuntwaneni noma ebuntwaneni bokuqala.
• Ukopha isikhathi eside, ukungachazeki, ukulinyazwa ngokweqile, ukopha ezinsinini, noma ukuphuma kwamakhala omude isikhathi eside ngezinye zezimpawu.
• Igazi elingachazeki lingavela emchameni noma endleni, futhi ukopha kwangaphakathi kungahlangana emalungeni, okudala ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngesifo sikaKhisimusi (hemophilia B).

Ukushoda kwe-Factor VII

• Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba ungakhiqizi i-factor VII eyanele noma okuthile kuphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-factor VII, imvamisa esinye isimo sezokwelapha noma umuthi.
• Izimpawu zifaka ukopha okungavamile ngemuva kokubeletha, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukulimala; ukulinyazwa okulula; ukuphuma kwamakhala; izinsini zokopha; nezikhathi ezisindayo noma ezinde zokuya esikhathini.
• Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, izimpawu zingafaka ukubhujiswa kwe-cartilage emajoyini avela eziwombeni zokopha nokopha emathunjini, esiswini, emisipha noma ekhanda.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngokushoda kwe-factor VII.

Ukushoda kweFactor X

• Ukushoda kweFactor X, okubizwa nangokuthi ukuntuleka kwesici seStuart-Prower, yisimo esidalwa ukungabi namaprotheni anele aziwa ngokuthi yi-factor X egazini.
• Lesi sifo singadluliselwa emindenini ngokusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo (ukungeneli kwe-factor X) kodwa futhi kungabangelwa yimithi ethile noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha (ukutholakala kwesici X).
• Ukushoda kwe-Factor X kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwendlela ejwayelekile yegazi yokujiya kwegazi.
• Izimpawu zifaka ukopha okungavamile ngemuva kokubeletha, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukulimala; ukulinyazwa okulula; ukuphuma kwamakhala; izinsini zokopha; nezikhathi ezisindayo noma ezinde zokuya esikhathini.
• Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, izimpawu zingafaka ukubhujiswa kwe-cartilage emajoyini avela eziwombeni zokopha nokopha emathunjini, esiswini, emisipha noma ekhanda.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngokushoda kwe-factor X.

Ukushoda kwe-Factor V

• Lokhu kudalwa ukungabi bikho kwe-factor V, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-proaccelerin, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yendlela yokunqanda igazi.
• Ukushoda kubanga ukujiya okungahambi kahle, okuholela ekopheni isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma ukulimala.
• Ukuntuleka kwesici V okutholakele kungabangelwa yimithi ethile, izimo zezempilo ezingaphansi, noma ukusabela okuzenzakalelayo.
• Izimpawu zifaka ukopha okungavamile ngemuva kokubeletha, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukulimala; ukulinyazwa okulula; ukuphuma kwamakhala; izinsini zokopha; nezikhathi ezisindayo noma ezinde zokuya esikhathini.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngokushoda kwe-factor V.

Ukushoda kweFactor II

• Lokhu kudalwa ukungabi bikho kwe-factor II, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-prothrombin, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yendlela yokunqanda igazi.
• Lesi sifo esingajwayelekile sokunqanda igazi siholela ekopheni ngokweqile noma isikhathi eside ngemuva kokulimala noma ukuhlinzwa.
• Kungazuzwa njengefa noma kutholakale ngenxa yesifo, imishanguzo, noma impendulo ezenzakalelayo.
• Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuphuma kwenkaba yenkaba lapho kuzalwa, ukulinyazwa okungachazeki, ukuphuma kwamakhala okude, ukopha ezinsinini, isikhathi esinzima noma isikhathi eside sokuya esikhathini, nokopha kwangaphakathi ezithweni, emisipheni, kogebhezi noma ebuchosheni.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngokushoda kwesici II.

Imithambo ye-Varicose

• Imithambo ye-Varicose yenzeka lapho imithambo ingasebenzi kahle, ibangele ukuthi ikhuliswe, ivulwe futhi igcwale igazi.
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko zibonakala kakhulu, imithambo ye-misshapen.
• Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, isisindo, nobuhlungu ngaphezulu noma eduze kwemithambo ekhulisiwe nakho kungenzeka.
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu imithambo ingopha futhi yakhe izilonda.
• Imithambo ye-Varicose ivame ukwenzeka emilenzeni.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngemithambo ye-varicose.

I-vein thrombosis ejulile (i-DVT)

Lesi simo sithathwa njengesiphuthumayo kwezokwelapha. Kungadingeka ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

• I-vein thrombosis ejulile yisimo esibi esenzeka lapho i-clot yegazi ifakwa emthanjeni ophakathi ngaphakathi komzimba.
• Izimpawu zifaka ukuvuvukala onyaweni, eqakaleni, noma emlenzeni (imvamisa ohlangothini olulodwa), ubuhlungu benkonyane obucindezelayo emlenzeni othintekile, nobuhlungu obukhulu noma obungachazeki onyaweni nasemaqakaleni.
• Ezinye izimpawu zifaka indawo yesikhumba ezwa ukufudumala kunesikhumba esiseduze, nesikhumba phezu kwendawo ethintekile siphendukile noma umbala obomvu noma ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ama-DVT angahambela emaphashini abangela ukubumbana kwamaphaphu.

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-vein thrombosis ejulile.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemivimbo ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zemivimbo ngokususelwa endaweni akuyo emzimbeni wakho:

• Okungaphansi kwesikhumba imihuzuko yenzeka ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
• Imisipha imihuzuko ivela emisipheni engaphansi.
• Imihuzuko yePeriosteal yenzeka emathanjeni.

Ziyini izimpawu nezimpawu zemihuzuko?

Izimpawu zemihuzuko ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesizathu. Ukugqama kwesikhumba ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala. Ngenkathi imvamisa imnyama futhi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imihuzuko futhi ingaba:

• okubomvu
• luhlaza okotshani
• nsomi
• nsundu
• ophuzi, ovame ukwenzeka lapho ukulimala kuphola

Ungase futhi uzwa ubuhlungu nobumnene endaweni yokulimala. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile ziyathuthuka njengoba umhuzuko uphulukisa. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezigaba ezimibalabala zemivimbo.

Izimpawu ezinzima

Ezinye izimpawu zikhombisa isimo esibi kakhulu. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha uma une:

• ukwanda kwemihuzuko ngenkathi uthatha i-aspirin (Bayer) noma ezinye izinciphisi zegazi
• ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu endaweni yokulimala
• ukulimaza okwenzeka ngemuva kokushaywa kanzima noma ukuwa
• ukulinyazwa okwenzeka kanye nethambo okusolwa ukuthi liphukile
• ukulinyazwa ngaphandle kwesizathu
• ukulimaza okwehlulekayo ukuphola ngemuva kwamasonto amane
• ukulinyazwa ngaphansi kwezipikili zakho kubuhlungu lokho
• ukulinyazwa okuhambisana nokopha ezinsinini zakho, ekhaleni, noma emlonyeni
• ukulimaza okuhambisana negazi emchameni wakho, esitokisini, noma emehlweni

Futhi, bona umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma une:

• ukulinyazwa okungaqondakali, ikakhulukazi kuphethini ephindaphindayo
• imihuzuko engeyona ebuhlungu
• imihuzuko evela futhi endaweni efanayo ngaphandle kokulimala
• noma imiphi imihuzuko emnyama emilenzeni yakho

Imivimbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emilenzeni yakho ingavela emithanjeni ye-varicose, kepha imivimbo emnyama ingakhombisa ukujula kwe-vein thrombosis (i-DVT), okuwukukhula kwegazi. Lokhu kungasongela impilo.

Yini ebangela imihuzuko?

Imihuzuko engachazeki evela ku-shin noma edolweni ingaqhamuka ekushayeni indawo kuhlaka lomnyango, ifreyimu yombhede, iposi, noma isihlalo ngaphandle kokunaka.

Ezinye izimbangela zemivimbo zifaka:

• ukulimala kwezemidlalo
• izingozi zemoto
• ukushayisana
• ukulimala ekhanda
• ukuqhuma kweqakala
• ubunzima bemisipha
• ukushaywa, njengokushaywa umuntu noma ukushaywa yibhola
• imishanguzo yegazi elincanyana, njenge-aspirin noma i-warfarin (i-Coumadin)
• izithasiselo

Imivimbo eba ngemuva kokusikwa, ukusha, ukuwa, noma ukulimala kuyinto ejwayelekile. Akuyona into engavamile ukuthuthukisa ifindo endaweni yokulimala. Lemivimbo yakha njengengxenye yenqubo yokuphulukisa yemvelo yomzimba wakho. Ezimweni eziningi, abayona into okufanele bakhathazeke ngayo. Kodwa-ke, uma unesilonda esilimazayo, esivulekayo futhi, esikhiqiza ubomvu, uketshezi olucacile, noma igazi, bheka umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaba yizimpawu zokutheleleka.

Uma ingane inemivimbo engachazeki, ihambise kumhlinzeki wayo wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthola imbangela. Ukulinyazwa kwengane okungaqondakali kungaba uphawu lokugula okukhulu noma ukuhlukunyezwa.

Imithi ethile futhi yenza kube lula ngawe ukuba ulimale. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi ngabanciphisi begazi nama-corticosteroids. Ezinye izithako zemithi, njengamafutha enhlanzi, zinemiphumela efanayo yokuncipha kwegazi futhi ingaholela emihuzukweni. Ungabona futhi ukulinyazwa ngemuva kokuthola umjovo noma ukugqoka izingubo eziqinile.

Izilonda nazo zivame ukujwayeleka kubantu abadala. Njengoba ukhula, isikhumba sakho siba mncane, futhi ama-capillaries angaphansi kwesikhumba sakho ajwayele ukwephuka.

Abanye abantu balimaza kalula, kungathinti lutho emzimbeni wabo. Abesifazane nabo bathambekele kakhulu ekulimaleni. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu akuyona into okufanele wethuswe ngayo. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kungukuthuthuka kwakamuva, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo mayelana nezimbangela ezingaba khona kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.

Izinkinga zokopha

Kwesinye isikhathi ukulinyazwa kubangelwa yisimo esingaphansi esingahlobene nokulimala. Izinkinga eziningi zokopha zingadala ukulimala njalo. Lezi zimo zifaka:

• Isifo seVon Willebrand
• i-hemophilia A
• Isifo sikaKhisimusi
• Ukushoda kwesici VII
• Ukushoda kwesici X
• Ukushoda kwesici V
• Ukushoda kwesici II

Ungayelapha kanjani imihuzuko

Ungaphatha imihuzuko ekhaya ngezinye zezinketho ezilandelayo:

• Sebenzisa iphakethe leqhwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Songa iphakethe ngendwangu ukugwema ukulibeka ngqo esikhunjeni sakho esilimele. Shiya iqhwa ekulimaleni kwakho imizuzu engu-15. Phinda lokhu njalo ngehora njengoba kudingeka.
• Phumula indawo elimele.
• Uma kungenzeka, phakamisa indawo elimele ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho ukuze igazi lingangeni ezicutshini ezilimele.
• Thatha imishanguzo yokuthenga, njenge-acetaminophen (Tylenol), ukunciphisa izinhlungu endaweni. Gwema i-aspirin noma ibuprofen ngoba ingakhuphula ukopha.
• Gqoka iziqongo ezinemikhono emide namabhulukwe ukuvikela imihuzuko ezingalweni nasemilenzeni.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukulinyazwa

Cishe ngeke udlule empilweni ungakaze uthole umhuzuko, kepha ungavimbela ukulimala okuthile ngokuqapha ngenkathi udlala, uzivocavoca futhi ushayela.

Sebenzisa ama-pads emadolweni akho, izindololwane, nama-shins lapho uhlanza noma udlala imidlalo ukugwema ukulinyazwa kulezi zindawo. Nciphisa ubungozi bokulimala lapho udlala imidlalo ngokugqoka:

• onogada be-shin
• amahlombe amahlombe
• onogada bezinqe
• amaphakethe amathanga

Izimpawu ezithile ezimnyama neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezivela emihuzukweni ziyinto eyejwayelekile. Imivimbo ingangakhululeki, kepha imvamisa iyaziphilisa yodwa ngaphandle kokuthi ihlotshaniswa nesimo sezempilo. Bona umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma umhuzuko ungathuthuki noma ungaxazululeki kungakapheli amasonto amathathu.