Uyini umdlavuza we-peritoneum, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yiziphi izinhlobo
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Izinketho zokwelashwa
• 1. I-Intraperitoneal chemotherapy
• 2. I-Chemotherapy emthanjeni
• 3. Ukuhlinzwa
• 4. I-Radiotherapy
• Ungalapheka yini umdlavuza we-peritoneum?

Umdlavuza wePeritoneum wuhlobo olungavamile lwesimila oluvela ezicutshini ezifaka yonke ingxenye yangaphakathi yesisu nezitho zaso, okudala izimpawu ezifana nomdlavuza kuma-ovari, njengobuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, isisu esivuvukele nokuncipha kwesisindo kungabonakali imbangela, isibonelo.

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-peritoneum kungenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-oncologist ngokuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-computed tomography kanye ne-pet-scan, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola amaprotheni athile, aziwa njengezimpawu zomzimba, futhi ikakhulukazi, ngokwenza i-biopsy. Ukwelashwa kusekelwe esigabeni sesimila nezimo zempilo yomuntu futhi kuqukethe ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokwelashwa ngemisebe.

Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luvame ukuba nolaka futhi ubude bempilo yomuntu one-tumor ku-peritoneum abuchazwanga kahle, kepha ngokuhlinzwa nange-chemotherapy kungafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-5. Futhi, uma umdlavuza we-peritoneum utholakala kusenesikhathi, umuntu angaphila isikhathi eside, kepha kuzodingeka njalo ukuthi ahlolwe minyaka yonke.

Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko

Umdlavuza wePeritoneum ufinyelela ungqimba olugcina isisu futhi lungaholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezinjenge:

• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu;
• Ubuhlungu besisu;
• Ukuqunjelwa noma uhudo;
• Ukukhathala kanye ne-malaise ejwayelekile;
• Ukuntula ukudla;
• Kunzima ukugaya ukudla;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma lesi sifo sitholakala esigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhonjwe ama-ascites, okuyilapho uketshezi luqoqana ngaphakathi komgodi wesisu, futhi lokhu kungacindezela amaphaphu abangele ukuphefumula okuncane nobunzima bokuphefumula. Bheka ukuthi ukwelashwa kwama-ascites kwenziwa kanjani.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izimbangela zomdlavuza we-peritoneum azichazwanga kahle, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuthi, kwezinye izimo, lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luyakhula ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza avela kwezinye izitho afinyelela ungqimba olugudle isisu, ngegazi, luphindaphinde lunikeze umsuka wesimila .

Ezinye izinto eziyingozi zingase zihlobane nokuvela komdlavuza ku-peritoneum, njengabesifazane abasebenzisa ama-hormone ngemuva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, abane-endometriosis futhi abakhuluphele ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abasebenzisa amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo, bahlinzwe ngokukhishwa kwama-ovari noma abancelise ibele mancane amathuba okuthi babe nomdlavuza we-peritoneum.

Yiziphi izinhlobo

Umdlavuza wePeritoneum uqala ukukhula, ikakhulukazi, kusuka kumaseli wezitho zesisu noma esifundeni sabesifazane, uma kwenzeka abesifazane, futhi ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili, okuyilezi:

• Umdlavuza oyinhloko we-peritoneum noma i-mesothelioma: kwenzeka lapho izinguquko zeselula zenzeka ngokuyinhloko kulezi zicubu ezihlanganisa isisu;
• Umdlavuza wesibili we-peritoneum noma i-carcinomatosis: ibonakala lapho kuvela umdlavuza ngenxa yomdlavuza wesifo somdlavuza ovela kwezinye izitho, njengesisu, amathumbu kanye nama-ovari.

Futhi, abesifazane abatholakala benomdlavuza we-ovari abanezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA 1 ne-BRCA 2 basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza wesibili we-peritoneum, yingakho laba besifazane kufanele bahlolwe njalo. Bona okuningi mayelana nezimpawu zomdlavuza we-ovari.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-peritoneum kungenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile ngokuhlolwa kwe-imaging okufana ne-ultrasound, resonance magnetic, computed tomography kanye ne-pet-scan, kodwa-ke, ukuze wazi isigaba sesimila kuyadingeka ukwenza i-biopsy, engenziwa ngesikhathi se-laparoscopy yokuhlola. Thola ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic.

I-biopsy yenziwa ngokususa isiqeshana esincane sezicubu esithunyelwa elebhu bese sihlolwa ngudokotela wezifo. I-pathologist ihlola ukuthi izicubu zinamaseli omdlavuza yini futhi inquma uhlobo lwalawa maseli, okuyisinqumo esinqumayo sokuthi i-oncologist ichaze uhlobo lwezokwelapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhambisanayo kungenziwa futhi ukukhomba izimpawu zesimila, okuyizinto ezikhona ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomdlavuza.

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-peritoneum kuchazwa yi-oncologist ngokuya ngesigaba sesifo futhi izinketho ezilandelayo zingakhonjiswa:

1. I-Intraperitoneal chemotherapy

I-Intraperitoneal chemotherapy iqukethe ukusebenzisa imishanguzo ngaphakathi kwe-peritoneum futhi iwuhlobo lwezokwelapha olufanele kakhulu umdlavuza we-peritoneum, njengoba ivumela ukuthi izidakamizwa zingene ngokushesha ezicutshini. Ngokuvamile, le mithi ifudunyezwa izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-40 ° C kuye ku-42 ° C ukuvikela umzimba ekutheni ungagodoli nokwenza kube lula ukuthi izidakamizwa zingene kumaseli.

Lokhu kwelashwa kukhonjiswa ezimweni lapho umdlavuza we-peritoneum ungazange usabalalele kwezinye izitho, njengobuchopho namaphaphu, wenziwa kanye nokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila futhi kube nethuba lokululama ngokushesha komuntu, ngaphandle kokuveza imiphumela emibi njengokulahleka kwezinwele nokuhlanza.

2. I-Chemotherapy emthanjeni

I-Chemotherapy emthanjeni ikhonjiswa umdlavuza we-peritoneum ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukuze isimila sinciphise usayizi futhi kube lula ukususwa. Lolu hlobo lwe-chemotherapy alusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa okuvamile kwalolu hlobo lomdlavuza, njengoba amaseli agulayo, akhona ku-tumor, amelana nemithi ehlukahlukene yamakhemikhali asetshenziswa njalo.

3. Ukuhlinzwa

Kuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila esise-peritoneum lapho umdlavuza ungakafiki kwezinye izitho emzimbeni futhi ukhonjiswa kubantu abakwazi ukuthola i-anesthesia. Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa kufanele lwenziwe odokotela abahlinzayo abanomdlavuza, ngoba luyinkimbinkimbi impela futhi luvame ukufaka ukususwa kwezitho zezitho ezifana nesibindi, ubende namathumbu.

Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlinzwa, udokotela ucela ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana njengokuhlolwa kwe-coagulation nokuhlolwa kokuthayipha igazi, uma kwenzeka umuntu edinga ukumpontshelwa igazi ngenxa yokwehla kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Thola okuningi mayelana nezinhlobo zegazi nokuhambisana kwazo.

4. I-Radiotherapy

I-Radiotherapy yindlela yokwelashwa lapho imisebe isetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa amaseli abangela umdlavuza we-peritoneum futhi isetshenziswa ngomshini okhipha imisebe ngqo endaweni lapho kutholakala khona isimila.

Le ndlela yokwelashwa ikhonjiswa ngudokotela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukunciphisa ubukhulu besimila ku-peritoneum, noma kunjalo, kungabuye kunconywe ukuqeda amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Ungalapheka yini umdlavuza we-peritoneum?

Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza kunzima ukwelapheka futhi inhloso yokwelashwa ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila komuntu, ukuhlinzeka ngempilo engcono nempilo yomzimba, yengqondo neyenhlalo.

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, lapho umdlavuza we-peritoneum usesigabeni esithuthukile futhi ususabalele kwezinye izitho, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokunakekelwa okunciphisayo, ukuze umuntu angabuzwa ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki okukhulu. Bona okuningi ukuthi ukunakekelwa okunciphisayo kuyini nokuthi kukhonjiswa nini.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-peritoneum kungaba nemiphumela engathandeki, bheka ividiyo ukuthola amanye amathiphu okuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani le miphumela: