I-squamous cell carcinoma: kuyini, izimpawu, izimbangela nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-squamous cell carcinoma
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-squamous cell carcinoma, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-SCC noma i-squamous cell carcinoma, wuhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba ovela kakhulu emlonyeni, olimini nasendaweni yomunyu futhi odala izimpawu nezimpawu ezifana namanxeba angapholi, opha kalula namabala amabi esikhunjeni. isikhumba, esinemiphetho engalingani nombala obomvu noma onsundu.

Ezimweni eziningi, i-squamous cell carcinoma iba ngenxa yokuchayeka ngokweqile emisebeni ye-ultraviolet, ekhishwa yilanga noma imibhede yokushuka, futhi abantu abanesikhumba namehlo akhanyayo basengozini enkulu yokuba nalolu hlobo lomdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa kwe-squamous cell carcinoma kuya ngosayizi wesilonda nobukhulu bamaseli womdlavuza futhi, ngokujwayelekile, ezimeni ezingekho kakhulu, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa okuncane ukususa isimila. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuvela izilonda zesikhumba kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wesikhumba, ngoba ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokushesha, aba maningi amathuba okwelashwa.

Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko

I-squamous cell carcinoma ivela ikakhulukazi ezifundeni zomlomo, kepha-ke, ingavela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba evezwe yilanga, njengekhanda nezandla, futhi ingabonakala ngezimpawu ezinjengezi:

• Isilonda esingaboli futhi sopha kalula;
• Ibala elibomvu noma elinsundu;
• Izilonda zesikhumba ezinamandla neziphumayo;
• Isibanda sokuvuvukala nokulimazayo;
• Izilonda ezinamaphethelo angajwayelekile.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile njalo ukunaka nokuhlola ubukhona bamabala esikhunjeni, kaningi, amanye amabala abangelwa yilanga, angathuthuka abe ngumdlavuza, njengoba kwenzeka kuma-actinic keratoses. Thola kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kuyini nokuthi ungayelapha kanjani i-actinic keratosis.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uhlola ukubonakala kwezilonda zesikhumba, kuyadingeka ukuthi ufune usizo kudokotela wesikhumba, ngoba kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa ngemicroscope enamandla amakhulu ukuhlola izici zebala futhi kunganconywa nokuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma ngabe umdlavuza.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-squamous cell carcinoma

Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lungaba nezigaba ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngezimpawu zesimila, ukujula kwesilonda nokuhlasela kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njengakuma-lymph node futhi kungaba:

• Kuhlukaniswe okuncane: kwenzeka lapho amaseli agulayo enolaka futhi ekhula ngokushesha;
• Kwahlukaniswa ngokulingene: kuyisigaba esiphakathi, lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza esanda khona;
• Uhlukaniswe kahle:kuncane kakhulu futhi kuyenzeka lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza abukeka njengamaseli esikhumba aphilile.

Kukhona nokuhlukaniswa kwamacala lapho isimila sijule kakhulu futhi sithinta izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zesikhumba, okuyi-invasive squamous cell carcinoma, ukuze sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze singakhuli futhi singabangeli imastastasis. Bona okuningi ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani i-metastasis.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izimbangela ze-squamous cell carcinoma azichaziwe kahle, kepha, ezimweni eziningi, ukuvela kwalolu hlobo lomdlavuza kuhlobene nokuchayeka ngokweqile emisebeni ye-ultraviolet, ngokukhanya kwelanga noma ngemibhede yokushuka.

Ukusetshenziswa kukasikilidi, ukuphuza utshwala ngokungalingani, ukuthambekela kofuzo, ukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-human papillomavirus (HPV) nokuxhumana namakhemikhali, afana nemiphunga enobuthi ne-acid, nakho kungaba yizimo eziholela ekubonakaleni kwalolu hlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zingahle zihlotshaniswe nokubonakala kwe-squamous cell carcinoma, njengokuthi ube nesikhumba esifanele, amehlo akhanyayo noma izinwele ezibomvu ngokwemvelo noma ezimhlophe.

Yelashwa kanjani

I-squamous cell carcinoma iyelapheka kanti ukwelashwa kuchazwa ngudokotela wesikhumba, kubhekwa usayizi, ukujula, indawo nobukhulu besimila, kanye nezimo zempilo yomuntu, ezingaba:

• Ukuhlinzwa: kuqukethe ukususwa kwesilonda ngenqubo yokuhlinzwa;
• I-Cryotherapy: ukususwa kwesimila ngokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo obanda ngokweqile, njenge-nitrogen engamanzi;
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Laser: kusekelwe ekuqedeni i-lesion yomdlavuza ngokusebenzisa i-laser application;
• I-Radiotherapy: iqukethe ukuqedwa kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza ngemisebe;
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: kungukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngomthambo ukubulala amangqamuzana ezimila;
• Ukwelashwa kwamaseli: kusetshenziswa imithi esiza amasosha omzimba ukuqeda ama-squamous cell carcinoma cell, njenge-pembrolizumab yomuthi.

I-Radiotherapy kanye ne-chemotherapy kuboniswe kakhulu ezimweni lapho i-squamous cell carcinoma ithinte izingxenye ezithile zomzimba, kufaka phakathi ukugeleza kwegazi, kanye nenani lezikhathi, umthamo wemithi nobude balolu hlobo lwezokwelapha kuzoya ngesincomo sikadokotela.