Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukutholakala kukadenga

-Delile

• 1. Ukuhlolwa komzimba
• 2. Ubufakazi beLuphu
• 3. Isivivinyo esisheshayo sokuxilonga udenga
• 4. Ukuhlukaniswa kwegciwane
• 5. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Serological
• 6. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• 7. Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali

Ukuxilongwa kodenga kwenziwa ngokususelwa kwizimpawu ezivezwa yilowo muntu, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, njengokubala kwegazi, ukuhlukaniswa kwamagciwane nokuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali, ngokwesibonelo. Ngemuva kokwenza izivivinyo, udokotela angabheka uhlobo lwegciwane futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, akhombise ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu komuntu. Ngakho-ke, uma umkhuhlane uvela, uhambisana nezimpawu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezishiwo ngenhla, kunconywa ukuya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kokuxilongwa futhi, ngalokho, kuqala ukwelashwa.

Udenga yisifo esidalwa ukulunywa omiyane Aedes aegypti ithelelekile, okuvame kakhulu ukuvela ehlobo nasezifundeni ezinomswakama kakhulu ngenxa yokuthuthuka kalula komiyane wodenga. Bona ukuthi ungawubona kanjani umiyane wodenga.

1. Ukuhlolwa komzimba

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kuqukethe ukuhlolwa ngudokotela wezimpawu ezichazwe yisiguli, okukhombisa udenga lwakudala:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu;
• Ubuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo;
• Ubunzima bokuhambisa amalunga;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha emzimbeni wonke;
• Isiyezi, isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• Amabala abomvu emzimbeni ngokunwaya noma ngaphandle kwawo.

Endabeni yedengue eyopha, izimpawu zingabandakanya nokopha ngokweqile okuvame ukuvela njengamabala abomvu esikhunjeni, ukulimaza nokopha njalo emakhaleni noma ezinsinini ngokwesibonelo.

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini ezi-4 kuya kwezi-7 ngemuva kokulunywa umiyane otheleleke ngaleli gciwane futhi ziqala ngomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-38ºC, kodwa lokho ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu. Ngakho-ke, lapho kusolwa igazi, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa bese kuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, ngoba ezimweni ezinzima igciwane lodenga lingathinta isibindi nenhliziyo. Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga zodenga.

2. Ubufakazi beLuphu

Ukuhlolwa kogibe luhlobo lokuhlolwa okusheshayo okuhlola ubucayi bemithambo yegazi nokuthambekela kokopha, futhi kuvame ukwenziwa uma kwenzeka kusolwa udenga lwakudala noma olopha kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuqukethe ukuphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi engalweni nokubona ukuvela kwamachashazi abomvu amancane, nengozi enkulu yokopha kakhulu inani lamachashazi abomvu abonwayo.

Naphezu kokuba yingxenye yezivivinyo ezikhonjiswe yi-World Health Organisation yokuxilongwa kodenga, ukuhlolwa kogibe kunganikeza imiphumela engamanga lapho umuntu esebenzisa imishanguzo efana ne-Aspirin noma iCorticosteroids noma usesigabeni sokuqala noma sokuyeka ukuya esikhathini, ngokwesibonelo. Qonda ukuthi ukuhlolwa kogibe kwenziwa kanjani.

3. Isivivinyo esisheshayo sokuxilonga udenga

Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kokukhomba udenga kuyasetshenziswa ngokwengeziwe ukuthola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi litheleleke ngegciwane, njengoba kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwengu-20 ukukhomba ukuthi ngabe igciwane belikhona yini emzimbeni nokuthi isikhathi esingakanani ngenxa yokutholwa kwama-antibodies, I-IgG ne-IgM. Ngaleyo ndlela, kungenzeka uqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kodwa-ke, isivivinyo esisheshayo futhi asikhombisi ubukhona bezinye izifo ezidluliswa umiyane weDengue, njengeZika noma iChikungunya, ngakho-ke, udokotela angayalela ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile ukukhomba ukuthi ngabe ungenwe yini nalawa magciwane. Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kumahhala futhi kungenziwa ezikhungweni zezempilo eBrazil yinoma ngubani nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngoba akudingeki ukuzila ukudla.

4. Ukuhlukaniswa kwegciwane

Lokhu kuhlola kuhlose ukukhomba igciwane elisemgudwini wegazi futhi kutholakale ukuthi iyiphi i-serotype, evumela ukuxilongwa okwehlukile kwezinye izifo okubangelwa ukulunywa umiyane ofanayo futhi onezimpawu ezifanayo, ngaphezu kokuvumela udokotela ukuthi aqale ukwelashwa okuqondile.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwenziwa ngokuhlaziya isampula segazi, okumele liqoqwe ngokushesha lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala. Lesi sampuli segazi sithunyelwa elabhorethri futhi, kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuxilonga zamangqamuzana, njenge-PCR, ngokwesibonelo, kungenzeka ukukhomba ubukhona begciwane lodenga egazini.

5. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Serological

Ukuhlolwa kwe-serological kuhlose ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngokuhlushwa kwama-immunoglobulin e-IgM nase-IgG egazini, okungamaprotheni okushintshwa kokuhlushwa kwawo ezimeni zokutheleleka. Ukuhlungwa kwe-IgM kuyanda ngokushesha nje lapho umuntu exhumana negciwane, kuyilapho i-IgG inyuka ngemuva kwalokho, kepha isisesigabeni esibucayi sesifo, futhi ihlala inenani eliphakeme egazini, ngakho-ke, liyimpawu yesifo , ngoba icacisa uhlobo ngalunye lokutheleleka. Funda kabanzi nge-IgM ne-IgG.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Serological kuvame ukucelwa njengendlela yokugcwalisa ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegciwane futhi igazi kufanele liqoqwe cishe ezinsukwini eziyisithupha ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu, ngoba lokhu kwenza ukuthi kubekeke ukubheka ngokunembile ukugxilwa kwe-immunoglobulin.

6. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Isibalo segazi kanye ne-coagulogram nakho ukuhlolwa okucelwe ngudokotela ukuthola umkhuhlane wodenga, ikakhulukazi umkhuhlane wodenga owophayo. Ukubalwa kwegazi kuvame ukukhombisa inani elihlukile lama-leukocyte, futhi kungahle kube ne-leukocytosis, okusho ukwanda kwenani lama-leukocyte, noma i-leukopenia, okuhambelana nokwehla kwenani lama-leukocyte egazini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwenani lama-lymphocyte (i-lymphocytosis) kuvame ukubonwa ngokutholakala kwama-lymphocyte e-atypical, ngaphezu kwe-thrombocytopenia, okuyilapho amaplatelet angaphansi kuka-100000 / mm³, lapho inani lesethenjwa liphakathi kuka-150000 no-450000 / mm³. Yazi amanani wesithenjwa sesibalo segazi.

I-coagulogram, okuwukuhlolwa okuhlola ikhono lokuvala kwegazi, kuvame ukucelwa uma kwenzeka kusolwa ukuthi udenga lwe-hemorrhagic kanye nokwanda kwesikhathi se-prothrombin, i-thromboplastin ngokwengxenye nesikhathi se-thrombin, ngaphezu kokwehla kwe-fibrinogen, prothrombin, VIII ne-factor XII , okukhombisa ukuthi i-heestasis ayenzeki ngendlela efanele, eqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kolu dengue olopha igazi.

7. Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kwamakhemikhali okuceliwe ukukalwa kwe-albhamuin ne-enzyme yesibindi i-TGO ne-TGP, okukhombisa izinga lokukhubazeka kwesibindi futhi kukhombisa isigaba esithuthuke kakhulu sesifo lapho le mingcele.

Imvamisa, lapho udenga seluvele lusezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, kungenzeka ukubona ukwehla kokuhlushwa kwe-albin egazini nokuba khona kwe-albin emchameni, ngaphezu kokunyuka kokugxila kwe-TGO ne-TGP ku igazi, okukhombisa ukulimala kwesibindi.