Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okusiza ekutholeni igciwane leZika

-Delile

• Yini okufanele uyenze uma uZika esolwa
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ungazi kanjani ukuthi ngabe ingane yakho ineZika
• Yelashwa kanjani

Ukuze kwenziwe ukuxilongwa okulungile kokutheleleka ngegciwane le-Zika kubalulekile ukuthi wazi izimpawu ezivame ukuvela ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngemuva kokulunywa umiyane nokuthi, ekuqaleni, zifaka imfiva engaphezu kuka-38ºC namabala abomvu esikhunjeni sobuso. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuguqukela kwezinye izimpawu ezicace kancane njengoku:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingabi ngcono;
• Umphimbo obuhlungu;
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokukhathala ngokweqile.

Imvamisa, lezi zimpawu zihlala kuze kube yizinsuku ezinhlanu futhi zingadidaniswa nezimpawu zomkhuhlane, udenga noma i-rubella, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo lapho izimpawu ezingaphezu kwezingu-2 zibonakala zibonwa udokotela ukuthola ukuthi inkinga, ukuqala ukwelashwa okufanele. Funda ngezinye izimpawu ezibangelwa igciwane leZika nokuthi ungalikhulula kanjani.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma uZika esolwa

Lapho kunokusola ngokuba neZika, kunconywa ukuthi uye esibhedlela ngokushesha ukuze udokotela abheke izimpawu futhi ahlole ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi zibangelwa igciwane leZika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela futhi anga-oda ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi asikho esinye isifo esingahle sidale izimpawu ezifanayo. Kodwa-ke, ngezikhathi zobhadane, odokotela bangasola lesi sifo futhi abaceli ukuhlolwa ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa okukhomba ubukhona begciwane le-Zika kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa okusheshayo, ukuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana nokwelashwa komzimba futhi kufanele kwenziwe, okungcono, ngesikhathi sesifo, okuyilapho kunethuba elikhulu lokuthola leli gciwane, uma kukuxinana okuphansi.

Ukuhlolwa okusetshenziswa kakhulu ekutholeni igciwane le-Zika yi-RT-PCR, okuwukuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana okungenziwa kusetshenziswa igazi, umchamo noma i-placent njengesampuli, uma kwenziwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Yize ukuhlaziywa kwegazi kuyikho okuvame kakhulu, umchamo uqinisekisa ukuthi kunamathuba amaningi okutholwa, ngaphezu kokuthi kulula ukuwaqoqa. Ngokusebenzisa i-RT-PCR, ngaphezu kokukhomba ubukhona noma ukungabi bikho kwaleli gciwane, kungenzeka ukubheka ukuthi igciwane likhona kuphi, lolu lwazi lusizo kudokotela ukuthola ukwelashwa okuhle kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana, kuyenzeka futhi kwenziwe ukuxilongwa nge-serological, lapho kutholakala khona ukutholakala kwama-antigen kanye / noma ama-antibodies angakhombisa ukutheleleka. Lolu hlobo lokuxilongwa luvame ukwenziwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ezine-microcephaly, futhi zingenziwa ngegazi, umbilical cord noma isampula le-CSF.

Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kusetshenziswa kaningi njengendlela yokuhlola, futhi umphumela kufanele uqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana noma kwe-serological. Kukhona nokuhlolwa kwe-immunohistochemical, lapho kuthunyelwa khona isampula ye-biopsy elabhorethri ukuze iphenywe ngokuba khona kwama-antibody alwa naleli gciwane, kepha-ke lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kuphela ezinganeni ezizalwe zingenampilo noma ezisuswayo ekukhipheni izisu ze-microcephaly.

Ngenxa yokufana phakathi kwezimpawu zeZika, iDengue neChikungunya, kukhona nokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana okuvumela ukwahlukaniswa kwamagciwane amathathu, okuvumela ukuxilongwa okulungile kanye nokuqala kokwelashwa, kepha lolu vivinyo alutholakali wonke amayunithi ezempilo, avame ukutholakala kumalabhorethri ocwaningo nawo athola amasampula okwenza ukuxilongwa.

Ungazi kanjani ukuthi ngabe ingane yakho ineZika

Endabeni yengane, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuthola izimpawu zeZika. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abazali banake izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukukhala kakhulu;
• Ukungahlaliseki;
• Ukubukeka kwamabala abomvu esikhunjeni;
• Imfiva engaphezu kuka-37.5ºC;
• Amehlo abomvu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye besifazane bangatheleleka ngegciwane le-Zika ngisho nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okungaphazamisa ukukhula kwemithambo futhi kuholele ekuzalweni kwengane nge-microcephaly, lapho ikhanda nengqondo yengane kuncane kunokujwayelekile ngeminyaka. Funda ukuthi ungayibona kanjani i-microcephaly.

Uma kusolwa uZika, ingane kufanele iyiswe kudokotela wezingane ukuze ihlolwe ukuxilongwa ngakho-ke, kungaqalwa ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwegciwane le-Zika kuyefana nokwelashwa kukadenga, futhi kufanele kuqondiswe udokotela ojwayelekile noma isifo esithathelwanayo. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa kuphela ngokulawulwa kwezimpawu, ngoba ayikho i-antiviral ethile yokulwa nokutheleleka.

Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngokuphumula ekhaya izinsuku ezingaba ngu-7 nokusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi ezinhlungu namakhambi omkhuhlane, njengeParacetamol noma iDipyrone, ngokwesibonelo, ukukhulula izimpawu nokululama ngokushesha. Izidakamizwa zokulwa nokungezwani komzimba kanye nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala nayo ingakhonjiswa ukulawula ezinye zezimpawu.

Kwabanye abantu, ukutheleleka ngeZika Virus kungakhathaza ukukhula kweGuillain-Barré Syndrome, isifo esibucayi okuthi, uma singelashwa, singashiya isiguli singakwazi ukuhamba nokuphefumula, okungabulala. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlangabezana nobuthakathaka obuqhubekayo emilenzeni nasezingalweni zakho, kufanele ngokushesha uye esibhedlela. Abantu abatholakale benale syndrome babike ukuthi babe nezimpawu zeZika cishe ezinyangeni ezimbili ngaphambili.

Bona kuvidiyo engezansi ukuthi ungadla kanjani ukuze ululame kuZika ngokushesha: