Umbala wobumpumputhe: uyini, ungawukhomba kanjani futhi uwuphathe kanjani

-Delile

• Ungayibona kanjani impumputhe yombala
• Injani impatho
• 1.Engeza uhlelo ukukhomba imibala
• 2. Faka izibuko eziyimpumputhe

Ubumpumputhe bombala, obaziwa nangokuthi i-dyschromatopsia noma i-dyschromopsia, ushintsho kumbono lapho umuntu engeke akwazi ukuhlukanisa eminye imibala, ikakhulukazi eluhlaza okombala obomvu. Lolu shintsho ezimweni eziningi lufuzo, kepha lungavela futhi ngenxa yomonakalo esakhiweni samehlo noma i-neurons ebhekele umbono.

Umbala wobumpumputhe awunalo ikhambi, noma kunjalo, indlela yokuphila yomuntu ingashintshwa ukuze abe nempilo esondele kokujwayelekile futhi ngaphandle kobunzima, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezibuko zokungaboni umbala, ngokwesibonelo, kungakhonjiswa ngudokotela wamehlo. Ukutholakala kwalolu shintsho kungenziwa ngokuhlolwa okuvumela ukuhlola amandla omuntu wokuhlukanisa imibala. Bona ukuthi izivivinyo zikuqinisekisa kanjani ukungaboni kombala.

Ungayibona kanjani impumputhe yombala

Ukutholakala kobumpumputhe bombala kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa okungenziwa ekhaya, esikoleni noma ngesikhathi sokubonisana nodokotela wezifo zamehlo futhi okuqukethe izinombolo ezikhomba noma izindlela ezikhona ezithombeni ezinamaphethini wemibala ehlukene. Ngakho-ke, ngokwamandla omuntu okuthola okuqukethwe ezithombeni, udokotela wezifo zamehlo angaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi akhombise uhlobo lobumpumputhe bombala umuntu analo, okungukuthi:

• Ubumpumputhe bombala we-Achromatic: okwaziwa nangokuthi i-monochromatic, uhlobo olungajwayelekile lobumpumputhe bombala, lapho umuntu abona khona kokumnyama, okumhlophe nokumpunga, engaboni eminye imibala;
• Ubumpumputhe bombala we-Dichromatic: umuntu akanaso isamukeli sombala ngakho-ke, akakwazi ukukhomba imibala ebomvu, eluhlaza noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;

• Ubumpumputhe bombala we-Trichomatic: uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, lapho umuntu eba nobunzima obuncane bokuhlukanisa imibala kwazise umuntu unawo wonke ama-receptors wemibala kodwa awasebenzi kahle. Imibala evame ukuthinteka ibomvu, iluhlaza okotshani futhi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngemibala yayo ehlukene.

Izinhlobo zobumpumputhe bombala zihlukaniswa ngokobunzima bokubona imibala ethile, futhi kufanele njalo zihlolwe ngudokotela wezifo zamehlo.

Injani impatho

Ubumpumputhe bombala abunalo ikhambi, kepha ukwelashwa okukhonjiswe ngudokotela wamehlo kungathuthukisa impilo yomuntu, futhi kunganconywa:

1.Engeza uhlelo ukukhomba imibala

Ukufunda uhlelo lokuhlonza imibala olubizwa nge-ADD kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuphila nobumpumputhe bombala. Lolu hlelo lubala umbala ngamunye ngophawu, lusiza umbala ongaboni ukuthi 'babone' imibala, ngendlela elula, kwandise ukuzethemba kwabo futhi bathuthukise nezinga lempilo yabo.

Yize lolu hlelo lungekaphoqelekile, ongakwenza ukucela usizo kumuntu ongeyena umbala oyimpumputhe ukuze asize ukubhala uphawu olufanele kumalebula wezingubo nezicathulo, kanye namapeni namapensela anemibala ukuze kuthi lapho i-colorblind ibona izimpawu ziyakwazi ukukhomba umbala wazo.

Uhlelo lokufaka amakhodi lwe-ADD luyafana nolimi lweBraille kulabo abangaboni kahle futhi selusetshenzisiwe kwamanye amazwe.

2. Faka izibuko eziyimpumputhe

Indlela enhle yokuphila nobumpumputhe bombala ukuthenga izibuko ezikhethekile zobumpumputhe bombala, ezivumelanisa imibala ukuze umbala oyimpumputhe ubone imibala njengoba injalo.

Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zamalensi, olunye lwazo lukhonjiswa abantu abangayiboni imibala ebomvu, okuyimodeli yeCx-PT, kanti olunye kulabo abangakwazi ukubona okuluhlaza, okuyimodeli yeCx-D. Kodwa-ke, ingilazi yamehlo engakhonjiswa labo abangayikhombi yonke imibala ayikenziwa.