Kuyini ukukhubazeka kwengqondo

-Delile

• Ungayibona kanjani
• Izimbangela eziyinhloko
• Okufanele ngikwenze

Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kuhambelana nokubambezeleka kokukhula kwengqondo yezinye izingane, ezingabonakala ngobunzima bokufunda, ukuxhumana okuncane nabanye abantu nokungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi elula nefanele yobudala babo.

Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, okubizwa nangokuthi i-DI, kuyisifo sokukhula esithinta izingane ezibalelwa ku-2 kuya ku-3% futhi singenzeka ngenxa yezimo eziningana, kusuka ezinkingeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma sokubeletha, kuya ekuguqulweni kwezakhi zofuzo, njenge-Down Syndrome ne-X syndrome ethambile, ngokwesibonelo . Thola ukuthi yiziphi izici zesifo se-X esibuthaka.

Lesi sifo singabonwa ngabazali noma nguthisha esikoleni, noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe yithimba lezemfundo elihlukahlukene elenza inhloso yokukhuthaza yonke imisebenzi yokuqonda, ukuxhasa inqubo yokufunda nobudlelwano nabanye abantu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ingane ibe nokuqapha okuqondile futhi okungaguquguquki okwenziwa ngudokotela wezingane, owelapha ukukhuluma, owokufundisa kanye nodokotela wezifo zengqondo, isibonelo.

Ungayibona kanjani

Kungenzeka ukukhomba ukukhubazeka kwengqondo ngokubuka indlela yokuziphatha kwengane nsuku zonke. Imvamisa, akakhombisi isimilo esifanayo nezinye izingane zobudala obufanayo, futhi njalo kuyadingeka ukuthi umuntu omdala noma ingane endala ibe khona ukusiza ekwenzeni isenzo, ngokwesibonelo.

Imvamisa izingane ezinokukhubazeka kwengqondo zine:

• Kunzima ekufundeni nasekuqondeni;
• Kunzima ukuzivumelanisa nanoma iyiphi imvelo;
• Ukungabi nentshisekelo emisebenzini yansuku zonke;
• Ukuhlukaniswa nomndeni, osebenza nabo noma uthisha, isibonelo;
• Kunzima ukusebenzisana nokuhlushwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi ingane inezinguquko kokudla, ukwesaba ngokweqile futhi kungenzeka ingakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ebingayenza phambilini.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokukhubazeka kwengqondo ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, njenge-Down syndrome, i-X entekenteke, uPrader-Willi, u-Angelman noWilliams, isibonelo. Wonke lawa ma-syndromes ayenzeka ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ku-DNA, okungaholela, phakathi kwezinye izimpawu, ekukhubazekeni kwengqondo. Ezinye izimbangela zokukhubazeka kwengqondo yilezi:

• Izinkinga zokubeletha, okuyizinto ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengokukhubazeka kombungu, isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, ukubhema, ukuphuza ngokweqile, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kanye nezifo, njenge-syphilis, rubella kanye ne-toxoplasmosis;
• Izinkinga zokubeletha, okwenzeka kusukela ekuqaleni kokubeletha kuze kube yinyanga yokuqala yokuphila kwengane, njengokuncipha kokuphakelwa komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni, ukungondleki kahle, ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi kanye ne-jaundice esanda kuzalwa;
• Ukungondleki kahle nokoma okukhulu emzimbeni, okungenzeka kuze kube sekupheleni kobusha futhi kuholele ekukhubazekeni kwengqondo;
• Ubuthi noma ukudakwa ngemithi noma izinsimbi ezisindayo;
• Izifo ngesikhathi sobuntwana okungaholela ekukhubazekeni kwe-neuronal, ukwehla kwekhono lokuqonda, njenge-meningitis, isibonelo;
• Izimo ezinciphisa ukunikezwa komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni, okungaholela ekukhubazekeni kwengqondo. Yazi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-hypoxia ebuchosheni.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimbangela, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kungenzeka emaphutheni angokwemvelo we-metabolism, okuyizinguquko zofuzo ezingenzeka ekuguqulweni kwengane futhi kuholele ekwakhekeni kwezinye izifo, njenge-congenital hypothyroidism ne-phenylketonuria. Qonda kangcono ukuthi yini i-phenylketonuria.

Okufanele ngikwenze

Uma kutholakala ukutholakala kokukhubazeka kwengqondo, kubalulekile ukuthi amandla engqondo okuqonda nawengqondo avuselelwe njalo, futhi ukuqapha okwenziwa yithimba elinamakhono amaningi kubalulekile.

Esikoleni, isibonelo, kubalulekile ukuthi othisha basiqonde isidingo somfundi sobunzima futhi bathuthukise uhlelo oluthile lokufunda lwengane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukugcina kuhlanganisiwe futhi kukhuthaze ukuxhumana kwakho nokuxhumana nabanye abantu, okungenziwa ngemidlalo yebhodi, amapuzzli kanye ne-mime, isibonelo. Lo msebenzi, ngaphezu kokukhuthaza ukuxhumana nomphakathi, uvumela ingane ukuthi igxile kakhudlwana, okumenza afunde ngokushesha okungatheni.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uthisha ahloniphe ijubane lokufunda kwengane, abuyele ezifundweni ezilula noma emisebenzini uma kudingeka. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhuthaza ukufunda, kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uthisha akhombe indlela ingane engenisa ngayo ulwazi nokuqukethwe okungcono, kungaba ngokusebenzisa izinto ezibukwayo noma zokuzwa, ngokwesibonelo, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kusungulwe uhlelo lwezemfundo olususelwa empendulweni enhle kakhulu yengane.