Ukuqonda Ukutholakala Kwesifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2

-Delile

• Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa
• Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala
• Thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2
• Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• Odokotela bathola kanjani uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin (A1C) okumanzi
• Ukuzama ukuhlolwa kwe-plasma glucose
• Ukuhlolwa okungahleliwe kwe-plasma glucose
• Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelelana kwe-glucose ngomlomo
• Ukuthola umbono wesibili
• Ngabe imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingabe ingalungile yini?
• Ukuhlela ukwelashwa
• Umbono

Ukuhlonza isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Thayipha isimo sesifo sikashukela esingalawuleka. Uma usutholakele, ungasebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa ukuze uhlale uphilile.

Isifo sikashukela sihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. Izifo ezivame ukutholakala yisifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kanye nohlobo 2 sikashukela.

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa

Mhlawumbe unomngani otshelwe ukuthi banesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lolu hlobo lwesimo lubizwa ngokuthi yisifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Ingakhula phakathi ne-trimester yesibili noma yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngokuvamile siyaphela ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane.

Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala

Kungenzeka ube nomngane osemncane onesifo sikashukela obefanele aphuze i-insulin nsuku zonke. Lolo hlobo lubizwa ngokuthi yi-type 1 diabetes. Isikhathi esiphakeme sokuqala kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela maphakathi nentsha. Ngokusho kwe-, uhlobo 1 lwakha amaphesenti amahlanu kuzo zonke izimo zesifo sikashukela.

Thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2

Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esingu-2 lwenza amaphesenti angama-90 kuye kwangama-95 azo zonke izifo ezitholakele ezinesifo sikashukela, ngokwe-CDC. Lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi isifo sikashukela esivela kubantu abadala. Yize kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2 esivame kakhulu kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-45.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungaba nesifo sikashukela, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela olungalawulwa olungalawulwa lungadala izinkinga ezinkulu, njenge:

• ukunqunywa kwemilenze nezinyawo
• ubumpumputhe
• Isifo senhliziyo
• isifo sezinso
• unhlangothi

Ngokusho kweCDC, isifo sikashukela siyimbangela yesikhombisa yokufa kwabantu e-United States. Imiphumela eminingi emibi yesifo sikashukela ingagwenywa ngokwelashwa. Yingakho ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kangaka.

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Abanye abantu batholakala benesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ngoba banezimpawu ezibonakalayo. Izimpawu zokuqala zingafaka:

• ukwanda noma ukuvama ukuchama
• ukoma okwandisiwe
• ukukhathala
• ukusikeka noma izilonda ezingapholi
• ukungaboni kahle

Imvamisa, abantu batholakala ngokuhlolwa okujwayelekile. Ukuhlolwa njalo kwesifo sikashukela kuqala lapho uneminyaka engama-45. Ungadinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha uma:

• zikhuluphele ngokweqile
• phila impilo yokuhlala phansi
• unomlando womndeni wohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• unomlando wesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa noma ubelethe ingane enesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-9
• bangabokudabuka e-Afrika-baseMelika, boMdabu baseMelika, baseLatino, base-Asia noma basePacific Island
• unezinga eliphansi le-cholesterol enhle (i-HDL) noma ileveli ephezulu ye-triglyceride

Odokotela bathola kanjani uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 zivame ukukhula kancane kancane. Ngoba ungaba nezimpawu noma ungabi nazo, udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwakho. Lezi zivivinyo, ezibalwe lapha, zilinganisa inani likashukela (i-glucose) egazini lakho:

• ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin (A1C) ye-glycated
• ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwe-plasma glucose
• ukuhlolwa okungahleliwe kwe-plasma glucose
• ukuhlolwa kokubekezelelana kweglucose ngomlomo

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza okukodwa noma okuningi kwalokhu kuhlolwa kaningi ngaphezu kwesisodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin (A1C) okumanzi

Ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin (A1C) ye-glycated kuyindlela yesikhathi eside yokulawulwa kukashukela egazini. Ivumela udokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi isilinganiso sakho sikashukela egazini besibe yini ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ezedlule.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala iphesenti likashukela egazini elihlanganiswe ne-hemoglobin. IHemoglobin yiprotheni ethwala umoya-mpilo emangqamuzaneni akho abomvu egazi. Ukuphakama kwe-A1C yakho, kukhuphuka amazinga kashukela egazi wakamuva.

Uhlolo lwe-A1C aluzweli njengokuhlolwa kwe-plasma yokuzila ukudla noma ukuhlolwa kokubekezela ushukela ngomlomo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikhomba izimo ezimbalwa zesifo sikashukela. Udokotela wakho uzothumela isampula yakho elabhorethri eqinisekisiwe ukuze ihlolwe. Kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuthola imiphumela kunokuhlolwa okwenziwe ehhovisi likadokotela wakho.

Inzuzo yokuhlolwa kwe-A1C kulula. Awudingi ukuzila ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa. Isampuli yegazi ingaqoqwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Futhi, imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa ayithintwa yingcindezi noma ukugula.

Udokotela wakho uzokubhekela imiphumela yakho. Nakhu imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwe-A1C ingasho:

• I-A1C yamaphesenti ama-6.5 noma ngaphezulu = isifo sikashukela
• I-A1C phakathi kuka-5.7 no-6.4 wamaphesenti = ama-prediabetes
• I-A1C ingaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-5.7 = ejwayelekile

Lolu hlobo lokuhlola lungasetshenziswa futhi ukuqapha ukulawulwa ushukela egazini lakho ngemuva kokutholakala kwakho. Uma unesifo sikashukela, amazinga akho e-A1C kufanele ahlolwe izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka.

Ukuzama ukuhlolwa kwe-plasma glucose

Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa kwe-A1C akuvumelekile. Isibonelo, ngeke isetshenziselwe abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abantu abanokuhlukahluka kwe-hemoglobin. Ukuhlolwa kokuzila ushukela egazini kungasetshenziswa esikhundleni salokho. Kulesi sivivinyo, kuzothathwa isampula legazi lakho ngemuva kokuzila ukudla ubusuku bonke.

Ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kwe-A1C, ukuhlolwa kwe-plasma glucose okusheshayo kukala inani likashukela egazini lakho ngesikhathi esisodwa. Amanani kashukela egazini akhonjiswa ngama-milligram nge-desilitha (mg / dL) noma ngama-millimoles ngelitha ngalinye (mmol / L). Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi imiphumela yakho ingathinteka uma ucindezelekile noma ugula.

Udokotela wakho uzokubhekela imiphumela yakho. Nakhu ukuthi imiphumela yakho ingasho ukuthini:

• ukuzila ushukela wegazi we-126 mg / dL noma ngaphezulu = isifo sikashukela
• inzilo yegazi yokuzila ka-100 kuye ku-125 mg / dL = ama-prediabetes
• ukuzila ushukela wegazi ngaphansi kuka-100 mg / dL = okujwayelekile

Ukuhlolwa okungahleliwe kwe-plasma glucose

Ukuhlolwa ushukela wegazi okungahleliwe kusetshenziswa kubantu abanezimpawu zesifo sikashukela. Ukuhlolwa kashukela okungahleliwe kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Ukuhlolwa kubheka ushukela wegazi ngaphandle kokubheka ukudla kwakho kokugcina.

Akunandaba ukuthi ugcine nini ukudla, ukuhlolwa kweshukela okungahleliwe okungama-200 mg / dL noma ngaphezulu kusikisela ukuthi unesifo sikashukela.Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma usuvele unezimpawu zesifo sikashukela.

Udokotela wakho uzokubhekela imiphumela yakho. Nakhu imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa ingasho:

• ushukela wegazi ongahleliwe we-200 mg / dL noma ngaphezulu = isifo sikashukela
• Izinga likashukela egazini okungahleliwe phakathi kuka-140 no-199 mg / dL = ama-prediabetes
• ushukela wegazi okungahleliwe ngaphansi kuka-140 mg / dL = okujwayelekile

Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelelana kwe-glucose ngomlomo

Njengokuhlolwa kokuzila ukudla kwe-plasma glucose, ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela ushukela ngomlomo futhi kudinga ukuthi uzile ukudla ubusuku bonke. Uma ufika lapho kubekiwe khona, uzothatha ukuhlolwa koshukela wegazi osheshayo. Ngemuva kwalokho uzophuza uketshezi olunoshukela. Uma usuqedile, udokotela wakho uzohlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngezikhathi ezithile amahora amaningi.

Ukulungiselela lokhu kuhlolwa, iNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) incoma ukuthi udle okungenani amagremu ayi-150 ama-carbohydrate ngosuku izinsuku ezintathu eziholela esivivinyweni. Ukudla okufana nesinkwa, okusanhlamvu, ipasta, amazambane, izithelo (ezintsha nezisemathinini), nomhluzi ocacile konke kuqukethe ama-carbohydrate.

Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukucindezeleka noma ukugula obhekene nakho. Qiniseka ukuthi udokotela wakho uyazi ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo. Ingcindezi, ukugula, kanye nemithi konke kungathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-glucose yomlomo.

Udokotela wakho uzokubhekela imiphumela yakho. Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelelana kwe-glucose yomlomo, nakhu imiphumela yakho ingasho:

• ushukela egazini lika-200 mg / dL noma ngaphezulu ngemuva kwamahora amabili = isifo sikashukela
• ushukela egazini phakathi kuka-140 no-199 mg / dL ngemuva kwamahora amabili = ama-prediabetes
• ushukela egazini ongaphansi kuka-140 mg / dL ngemuva kwamahora amabili = okujwayelekile

Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelelana kwe-glucose nakho kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ukuthola umbono wesibili

Kufanele uhlale uzizwa ukhululekile ukuthola umbono wesibili uma unanoma ikuphi ukukhathazeka noma ukungabaza ngokutholakala kwakho.

Uma ushintsha odokotela, uzofuna ukucela izivivinyo ezintsha. Amahhovisi odokotela ahlukene asebenzisa ama-laboratories ahlukene ukucubungula amasampuli. I-NIDDK ithi kungadukisa ukuqhathanisa imiphumela evela kumalebhu ahlukene. Khumbula ukuthi udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuphinda noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwakho.

Ngabe imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingabe ingalungile yini?

Ekuqaleni, imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa ingahluka. Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kukashukela egazini kungakhombisa ukuthi unesifo sikashukela kepha ukuhlolwa kwe-A1C kungakhombisa ukuthi awunaso. I-reverse nayo ingaba yiqiniso.

Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu? Kungasho ukuthi usesigabeni sokuqala sikashukela, futhi amazinga kashukela egazi wakho kungenzeka angabi phezulu ngokwanele ukuthi angabonisa kukho konke ukuhlolwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-A1C kungalungile kwabanye abantu befa lase-Afrika, iMedithera, noma iSoutheast Asia. Ukuhlolwa kungaba phansi kakhulu kubantu abane-anemia noma ukuphuma kwegazi okunzima, futhi kuphezulu kakhulu kubantu abane-anemia yokushoda nge-iron. Ungakhathazeki - udokotela wakho uzophinda izivivinyo ngaphambi kokwenza ukuxilongwa.

Ukuhlela ukwelashwa

Lapho usukwazi ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, ungasebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olulungele wena. Kubalulekile ukulandela konke ukuqashwa kwakho nokuqokwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuhlola igazi lakho njalo nokulandelela izimpawu zakho yizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa impilo yesikhathi eside.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngomgomo wakho kashukela. INational Diabetes Education Programme ithi inhloso yabantu abaningi yi-A1C engaphansi kuka-7. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele uhlolwe kangaki ushukela wegazi lakho.

Dala uhlelo lokuzinakekela ukuphatha isifo sikashukela. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi izinguquko zokuphila njengokudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuyeka ukubhema nokuhlola ushukela wegazi lakho.

Kukho konke ukuvakasha, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi uhlelo lwakho lokuzinakekela lusebenza kanjani.

Umbono

Alikho ikhambi elivele likhona lesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo silawuleka kakhulu ngezindlela eziningi zokwelashwa eziphumelelayo.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuxilonga nokuqonda imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa. Ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwakho, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuphinda eyodwa noma eziningi zalezi zivivinyo: i-A1C, i-glucose yegazi yokuzila ukudla, i-glucose yegazi engahleliwe, noma ukubekezelelana ngomlomo kwe-glucose.

Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, yakha uhlelo lokuzinakekela, usethe umgomo kashukela egazini, bese uxhumana nodokotela wakho njalo.