Yini Ebangela ukuthi i-Anus ibe nzima? Izimbangela kanye Ukwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbungu ezinzima
• Ama-hemorrhoids angaphandle
• I-Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa (HS)
• I-hematoma yePerianal
• Izinsumpa zangasese
• I-Molluscum contagiosum
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Umdlavuza wendunu
• Into yangaphandle
• Isigaxa esinzima endunu futhi kungekho buhlungu
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-anus enzima
• Ukwelashwa kanzima kwendunu
• Ama-hemorrhoids angaphandle
• I-Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa (HS)
• I-hematoma yePerianal
• Izinsumpa zangasese
• I-Molluscum contagiosum
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Umdlavuza wendunu
• Into yangaphandle
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Isigaxa esinzima endunu

Indunu ukuvuleka engxenyeni engezansi yomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Ihlukaniswe ne-rectum (lapho kugcinwa khona indle) yi-anal sphincter yangaphakathi.

Lapho indle igcwalisa i-rectum, imisipha ye-sphincter iyakhululeka, ivumela indle ukuthi idlule kwi-anus nangaphandle komzimba. I-anal sphincter yangaphandle ivala i-anus lapho isitokisi sesidlulile.

Izigaxa ezakhele ezungeze ingquza - ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene - zingayenza izizwe inzima. Kungase kube nokuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, nokukhishwa.

Izimbungu ezinzima

I-anus iqukethe izicubu zesikhumba nezangaphakathi zamathumbu, eziqukethe izindlala zamafinyila, imithambo yegazi, ama-lymph node, neziphetho zezinzwa ezibucayi. Lapho lezi zinto zicasulwa, zitheleleka noma zivimbekile, izigaxa zingakheka, zenze ukuthi indunu izizwe inzima.

Ezimweni eziningi, izigaxa zangemuva azisongeli impilo, kepha zisadinga ukuhlolwa. Bheka udokotela ngokushesha, noma kunjalo, uma ubona ukopha okungapheli noma ubuhlungu bendunu buya bubi kakhulu, busakazeke noma bube nomkhuhlane.

Ezinye izimbangela zobulukhuni bendunu noma izigaxa zifaka:

Ama-hemorrhoids angaphandle

Ama-hemorrhoids yimithambo yegazi ehlanjululwayo eyakha ulwelwesi lwendunu futhi ingavela njengezigaxa.

Zijwayelekile - empeleni, ngokwe-American College of Gastroenterology, amaphesenti angama-50 amaMelika azobe eseneminyaka yobudala engama-50.

Ama-hemorrhoids abangelwa ingcindezi ephezulu odongeni lomkhumbi, olungenzeka ngokukhulelwa, ukuhlunga ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwamathumbu, noma ukuphakamisa okunzima. Izimpawu zifaka:

• ukuvuvukala, isibumbu esikhulu
• ubuhlungu
• ukulunywa
• ukopha

I-Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa (HS)

I-Perianal HS yisifo sokuvuvukala esikhunjeni esithinta izinwele nezindlala zomjuluko endunu.

Kokunye ukuhlola okushicilelwe ephephabhukwini i-Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery, yabantu ababenayo kwakungabesilisa, nabesilisa base-Afrika nabaseMelika besengozini enkulu.

I-Perianal HS ibonakala njengezigaxa ezibuhlungu ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Bona:

• yakha ubomvu nephunga lapho kukhanywa
• khiqiza izibazi
• ahlotshaniswa nezifo ezivuthayo, njengesifo sikaCrohn, esidala ukuvuvukala kwendlela yokugaya ukudla

I-hematoma yePerianal

I-hematoma ye-perianal iyisitsha segazi esifundeni se-anal esiye saqhuma, imvamisa ngenxa yokuzama ukuhamba kwamathumbu, ukukhwehlela ngamandla, noma ukuphakamisa okunzima. Izimpawu yilezi:

• ubuhlungu
• ivuvukile, i-purplish bulge ezungeze indunu, engaba nkulu njenge-baseball

Izinsumpa zangasese

Ebizwa nangokuthi i-condyloma acuminata, ama-war war, avela ngaphakathi nangaseduze kwendunu, abangelwa yigciwane le-human papilloma virus (HPV). I-HPV ivame ukudluliswa ngokuya ocansini, yize ingatholwa nangoketshezi lomzimba lomuntu onegciwane.

Lezi zigaxa ezithambile, ezimanzi, ezinemibala yesikhumba zinga:

• ukulunywa
• khiqiza amafinyila
• wopha
• ziyehluka ngosayizi (zingaqala ngosayizi wepiki zikhule zimboze yonke indunu)

I-Molluscum contagiosum

Lokhu ukutheleleka kwesikhumba okubangelwa igciwane le-molluscum contagiosum. Izilonda zingavela noma kuphi emzimbeni lapho isikhumba sihlangane naleli gciwane.

Leli gciwane lingadlulela endunu ngokuxhumana ngokocansi, ngokuthinta indunu yakho ngemuva kokuthinta isilonda kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho, noma ngokwabelana ngamashidi noma amathawula atheleleke ngomunye.

Izilonda yilezi:

• imvamisa incane, kusuka kusayizi wekhanda lephini kuya kusisuli sepensela
• obomvana, onombala wenyama, noma omhlophe, futhi ophakanyiswe ngomgodi phakathi
• kwesinye isikhathi iyaluma futhi iyavuvukala
• imvamisa ayinabungozi

Izilonda zingathatha kusuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya eminyakeni emihlanu ukuthi ziphele.

Ukuqunjelwa

Ukuba nokuhamba kwamathumbu okungapheli noma ukudlula kanzima, indle eyomile kungadala ukugcwala endaweni yakho yangasese engakunika umbono wokuba nedidi elinzima. Ukuqunjelwa kuvame ukubangelwa ukudla ukudla okune-fiber encane nokungaphuzi uketshezi olwanele. Kuchazwa ngobuchwepheshe njenge:

• ukudlula ngaphansi kwendle kathathu ngesonto
• ukuhlunga ukudlula indle
• enezihlalo ezilukhuni nezinamaqhuqhuva

Umdlavuza wendunu

Umdlavuza we-anal awuvamile, uthinta umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-500, ngokusho kwe-American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Ngokuqhathanisa, u-1 kwabangu-22 uzoba nomdlavuza wekoloni. Kodwa-ke, izehlakalo zomdlavuza wangemva ziyakhula.

Ingcuphe enkulu yokuba ne-HPV, kepha ezinye izinto ezandisa amathuba akho okuthola umdlavuza wesitho sangasese ukubhema, ukuba nabalingani abaningi ocansini, nokuba nesikhumba esingapheli, esivuthayo esizungeze indunu. Izimpawu zomdlavuza wendunu zifaka:

• mass eduze noma endunu
• ubuhlungu
• ukopha ezimpundu
• ukulunywa kwendunu
• izinguquko zokuhamba kwamathumbu

Into yangaphandle

Izinto ezinjengamathambo agwinyiwe, amathiphu we-enema, ama-thermometer, namathoyizi ocansi ngokunganaki angabambeka endunu, kubangele ingcindezi nomuzwa onzima.

Isigaxa esinzima endunu futhi kungekho buhlungu

Akuwona wonke amaqhubu kanye nesigaxa esizokhiqiza ubuhlungu. Ezinye ngokuvamile ezingekho:

• izinsumpa zendunu
• i-molluscum contagiosum
• amanye ama-hemorrhoids

Ukuxilongwa kwe-anus enzima

Odokotela banamathuluzi ahlukahlukene atholakalayo okusiza ukuxilonga izifo zangasese, kufaka phakathi izigaxa zangasese.

Ama-hemorrhoids, ama-anal warts, ne-molluscum contagiosum angabonakala noma azwakale ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba. Udokotela angafaka umunwe ovalwe emgodleni wakho, obizwa nge-digital test, ukuzwa ukukhula.

Ku-anoscopy, insimbi eqinile, ekhanyisiwe ivumela odokotela ukuthi babheke indunu yakho nengxenyeni yakho.

Uma udokotela wakho efuna ukubheka ngaphezulu umgudu wakho wokugaya ukudla futhi akhiphe izinto ezifana nomdlavuza wekoloni, bangancoma enye yalezi zinqubo:

• i-barium enema, empeleni eyi-X-ray yekholoni
• sigmoidoscopy, inqubo esebenzisa ithubhu ende, eguquguqukayo enokukhanya nekhamera ukubona ngeso lengqondo umgudu wakho wamathumbu ongezansi
• colonoscopy, lapho udokotela wakho esebenzisa idivayisi ekhanyisiwe ebizwa nge-colonoscope ukubuka ikholoni yakho futhi ubheke izinto ezifana nezilonda nokukhula

Ukwelashwa kanzima kwendunu

Ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo esithinta indunu yakho.

Ama-hemorrhoids angaphandle

• ukudambisa izinhlungu kwasetafuleni (OTC)
• ukucindezela okubandayo
• izindawo zokugeza ze-sitz
• okhilimu be-hemorrhoid, aqukethe i-agent ekindishayo ukudambisa izinhlungu
• usika ngokuhlinzwa i-hemorrhoid, ikakhulukazi uma iqukethe igazi
• ukubopha, lapho udokotela abopha khona ibhande elincane lenjoloba phansi kwesisekelo se-hemorrhoid ukuze anqume ukunikezwa kwegazi lakhe futhi alivumele linciphe
• i-sclerotherapy, okubandakanya ukujova i-hemorrhoid ngekhemikhali eliyishisayo (futhi liyinciphise ngempumelelo)

Ngokuya ngocwaningo olushicilelwe kulo magazini, i-hemorrhoid elashwa nge-sclerotherapy inethuba elingamaphesenti angama-30 lokuphinda livele kungakapheli iminyaka emine.

I-Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa (HS)

• ama-antibiotics ukulwa nokuvuvukala nanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka
• i-cortisone ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokucasuka
• adalimumab (Humira) ukuthulisa impendulo yomzimba yokuvuvukala

I-hematoma yePerianal

• Ubuhlungu be-OTC buyadambisa
• ukucindezela okubandayo
• ukukhipha ukuhlinzwa uma ubuhlungu bunzima noma buqhubeka

Izinsumpa zangasese

Njengoba igciwane elibanga izinsumpa zangasese lingahlala lilele emzimbeni, ukuphindaphinda akuvamile. Ungadinga izinqubo eziphindiwe njengoba kuvela izinsumpa ezintsha.

• i-cryosurgery, okubandakanya ukujova izinsumpa nge-nitrogen engamanzi ukuze iqhwale futhi inciphise
• ukususwa kokuhlinzwa (imvamisa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthetic yendawo ngokuya esibhedlela)
• ukugcwaliswa (usebenzisa amandla kagesi asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu ukushisa insumpa)
• i-podophyllin, i-trichloroacetic acid, ne-bichloroacetic acid (uma izinsumpa zincane futhi zangaphandle)

I-Molluscum contagiosum

• ukhilimu kadokotela oqukethe imiquimod, umuthi osiza amasosha omzimba ukulwa negciwane elibanga lezi zilonda ezinjengezinsumpa

Ukuqunjelwa

• Ama-laxatives nezitulo ezithambisa izitho
• i-lubiprostone (Amitiza), engeza amanzi endle yakho, okwenza kube lula ukudlula
• ukudla i-fiber eningi (kuhlose ama-25 kuye kuma-35 amagremu) ngokungeza ukudla okufana nezithelo ezintsha, imifino, nezinhlamvu ezigcwele ekudleni kwakho
• ukuphuza amanzi amaningi

Umdlavuza wendunu

• ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwesimila
• imisebe
• ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Into yangaphandle

Izinto ezinamanga zingasuswa ngensimbi efana ne-forceps. Izinto ezingasuswa kalula ngesandla zingadinga ukuhlinzwa. Ukuhlanjululwa kwe-anal ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile kuvame ukwenziwa.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Ubulukhuni obuzungeze ingquza kuvame ukubangelwa izigaxa ezingekho umdlavuza nokukhula. Kodwa ngoba lezi zigaxa zingaba buhlungu futhi zikhathazeke, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuzikhipha. Ungalibali ukuthola ukwelashwa uma une:

• ukopha okungayeki
• ubuhlungu obubonakala buya ngokuya buba bukhulu noma busabalala kwezinye izindawo zomzimba wakho
• izinguquko ekuhambeni kwakho kwamathumbu
• ubuhlungu bendunu noma ukopha okuhambisana nomkhuhlane

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ubulukhuni be-anal bungahambisana nobuhlungu, izigaxa, nokukhishwa kwegazi - izimpawu ezikhathazayo kunoma ngubani. Kepha iningi lezimbangela zobunzima be-anal alinomdlavuza futhi liyelapheka ngemithi, izinqubo zokuhlinza, kanye namakhambi asekhaya.