I-Hyperthyroidism

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-hyperthyroidism?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism?
• Odokotela bayihlola kanjani i-hyperthyroidism?
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol
• T4, T4 yamahhala, T3
• Ukuhlolwa kwezinga le-thyroid lokuvuselela i-thyroid
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Triglyceride
• Ukuskena nokutholwa kwendlala yegilo
• I-Ultrasound
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-CT noma kwe-MRI
• Ungayelapha kanjani i-hyperthyroidism
• Imithi
• Iodine enemisebe
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ongakwenza ukuthuthukisa izimpawu
• Umbono
• Q:
• A:

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Kuyini i-hyperthyroidism?

I-Hyperthyroidism yisimo se-thyroid. Indlala yegilo iyindlala encane emise okwevemvane etholakala ngaphambili entanyeni yakho. Ikhiqiza i-tetraiodothyronine (T4) ne-triiodothyronine (T3), okungama-hormone amabili ayinhloko alawula ukuthi amaseli akho awasebenzisa kanjani amandla. Indlala yakho yegilo ilawula imetabolism yakho ngokukhululwa kwala mahomoni.

I-Hyperthyroidism yenzeka lapho i-thyroid yenza i-T4, T3, noma zombili kakhulu. Ukuxilongwa kwe-thyroid engasebenzi ngokweqile nokwelashwa kwesizathu esiyimbangela kunganciphisa izimpawu futhi kuvimbele izinkinga.

Yini ebangela i-hyperthyroidism?

Izimo ezahlukahlukene zingadala i-hyperthyroidism. Isifo se-Graves, isifo se-autoimmune, yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu se-hyperthyroidism. Kubangela amasosha omzimba ukukhuthaza i-thyroid ukuthi ikhiphe ama-hormone amaningi. Isifo samathuna senzeka kaningi kubantu besifazane kunasemadodeni. Kuvame ukugijima emindenini, okuphakamisa ukuxhumana kofuzo. Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho uma izihlobo zakho zibe nalesi simo.

Ezinye izimbangela ze-hyperthyroidism zifaka:

• iodine eyeqile, isithako esiyinhloko ku-T4 naku-T3
• i-thyroiditis, noma ukuvuvukala kwe-thyroid, okubangela ukuthi i-T4 ne-T3 zivuze endlaleni
• izimila zamaqanda noma amasende
• izicubu ezinobungozi ze-thyroid noma i-pituitary gland
• amanani amaningi we-tetraiodothyronine athathwe ngezithako zokudla noma ngemithi

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism?

Inani eliphakeme le-T4, T3, noma zombili zingadala isilinganiso semethabolikhi ephakeme ngokweqile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hypermetabolic state. Uma usesimweni se-hypermetabolic, ungahle uhlangane nesilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, nokuthuthumela kwesandla. Ungase ujuluke kakhulu futhi uhlakulele ukubekezelela okuphansi kokushisa. I-Hyperthyroidism ingadala ukunyakaza kwamathumbu kaningi, ukwehla kwesisindo, futhi, kwabesifazane, imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile.

Ngokusobala, indlala yegilo uqobo ingakhukhumala ibe yi-goiter, engaba ngokulingana noma ngohlangothi olulodwa. Amehlo akho angavela futhi ngokugqamile, okuwuphawu lwama-exophthalmos, isimo esihlobene nesifo se-Graves.

Ezinye izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism zifaka:

• ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla
• uvalo
• ukungahlaliseki
• ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo
• ubuthakathaka
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• ubunzima bokulala
• izinwele ezinhle, ezinamahloni
• ukulunywa
• ukulahleka kwezinwele
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• ukukhula kwamabele emadodeni

Izimpawu ezilandelayo zidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• isiyezi
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
• okusheshayo, okungajwayelekile ukushaya kwenhliziyo

I-Hyperthyroidism nayo ingadala i-atrial fibrillation, i-arrhythmia eyingozi engaholela ekushayweni unhlangothi, kanye nasekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo okucinana.

Odokotela bayihlola kanjani i-hyperthyroidism?

Isinyathelo sakho sokuqala sokuxilongwa ukuthola umlando ophelele wezokwelapha nokuhlolwa komzimba. Lokhu kungaveza lezi zimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-hyperthyroidism:

• ukuncipha komzimba
• ishayela ngokushesha
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• amehlo aphumile
• indlala yegilo eyandisiwe

Olunye uvivinyo lungenziwa ukuze uqhubeke nokuhlola ukuxilongwa kwakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

Ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol

Udokotela wakho angadinga ukuhlola amazinga akho e-cholesterol. I-cholesterol ephansi ingaba uphawu lokuphakama komzimba, lapho umzimba wakho uvutha khona nge-cholesterol ngokushesha.

T4, T4 yamahhala, T3

Lezi zivivinyo zilinganisa ukuthi ingakanani i-hormone yegilo (T4 ne-T3) esegazini lakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwezinga le-thyroid lokuvuselela i-thyroid

IHormone evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) iyi-pituitary gland hormone evuselela indlala yegilo ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone. Lapho amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid ejwayelekile noma ephakeme, i-TSH yakho kufanele ibe ngaphansi. I-TSH ephansi ngokungajwayelekile ingaba uphawu lokuqala lwe-hyperthyroidism.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Triglyceride

Izinga lakho le-triglyceride lingahlolwa futhi. Ngokufana ne-cholesterol ephansi, ama-triglycerides aphansi angaba uphawu lwezinga eliphakeme lokunciphisa umzimba.

Ukuskena nokutholwa kwendlala yegilo

Lokhu kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ukuthi ngabe i-thyroid yakho isebenza ngokweqile. Ikakhulu, ingaveza ukuthi ngabe yonke i-thyroid noma indawo eyodwa kuphela yendlala ibangela ukungasebenzi kakhulu.

I-Ultrasound

Ama-Ultrasound angalinganisa ubukhulu bayo yonke indlala yegilo, kanye nanoma yiziphi izixuku ezingaphakathi kuyo. Odokotela bangasebenzisa futhi ama-ultrasound ukuthola ukuthi isisindo siqinile noma siyi-cystic.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-CT noma kwe-MRI

I-CT noma i-MRI ingakhombisa ukuthi ngabe kukhona i-pituitary tumor edala isimo.

Ungayelapha kanjani i-hyperthyroidism

Imithi

Imithi ye-Antithyroid, efana ne-methimazole (Tapazole), imisa i-thyroid ekwenzeni ama-hormone. Ziyindlela yokwelashwa ejwayelekile.

Iodine enemisebe

Iodine enemisebe inikezwa amaphesenti angaphezu kwama-70 abantu abadala base-U.S. Abane-hyperthyroidism, ngokusho kwe-American Thyroid Association. Iqeda ngempumelelo amaseli akhiqiza ama-hormone.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ifaka umlomo owomile, amehlo omile, umphimbo obuhlungu, nezinguquko ekunambithekeni. Izinyathelo zokuqapha zingadinga ukuthathwa isikhashana ngemuva kokwelashwa ukuvimbela ukusakazeka kwemisebe kwabanye.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ingxenye noma yonke indlala yakho yegilo ingasuswa ngokuhlinzwa. Kuzodingeka ukuthi uthathe izithasiselo zehomoni yegilo ukuvimbela i-hypothyroidism, eyenzeka lapho une-thyroid engasebenzi kahle ekhipha i-hormone encane kakhulu. Futhi, ama-beta-blocker anjenge-propranolol angasiza ukulawula ukushaya ngamandla, ukujuluka, ukukhathazeka nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Iningi labantu lisabela kahle kulokhu kwelashwa.

Ongakwenza ukuthuthukisa izimpawu

Ukudla ukudla okufanele, kugxilwe kwi-calcium ne-sodium, kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ekuvimbeleni i-hyperthyroidism. Sebenza nodokotela wakho ukudala imihlahlandlela enempilo yokudla kwakho, izithako zokudla okunempilo, nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

I-Hyperthyroidism nayo ingadala ukuthi amathambo akho abe ntekenteke futhi abe mancane, okungaholela ekuthweni kwamathambo. Ukuthatha izengezo zikavithamini D kanye ne-calcium ngesikhathi nangemuva kokwelashwa kungasiza ekuqiniseni amathambo akho. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi ungakanani uvithamini D ne-calcium ongayithatha usuku ngalunye. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinzuzo zezempilo zikavithamini D.

Umbono

Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela ku-endocrinologist, ogxile ekwelapheni ama-hormone system. Ukucindezeleka noma izifo kungadala isiphepho segilo. Isiphepho se-thyroid senzeka lapho kukhishwa inani elikhulu le-hormone yegilo futhi liholela ekuwohlokeni kwezimpawu ngokungazelelwe. Ukwelashwa kubalulekile ukuvimbela isiphepho se-thyroid, i-thyrotoxicosis, nezinye izinkinga.

Umbono wesikhathi eside we-hyperthyroidism uncike embangela yawo. Ezinye izimbangela zingaphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Abanye, njengesifo se-Graves, baya ngokuya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Izinkinga zesifo se-Graves zingasongela impilo futhi zithinte ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila yesikhathi eside. Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwezimpawu kusenesikhathi kuthuthukisa umbono wesikhathi eside.

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