I-lipidogram (ukuhlolwa kwe-lipid profile): kuyini nokuthi kukhombisa ini

-Delile

• 1. I-cholesterol ye-LDL
• 2. I-cholesterol ye-HDL
• 3. I-cholesterol ye-VLDL
• 4. I-cholesterol engeyona eye-HDL
• 5. Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol
• 6. AmaTriglycerides
• Lapho kukhonjiswa ukuhlolwa kwephrofayela ye-lipid
• Okufanele ukwenze lapho kushintshwa

I-lipidogram ukuhlolwa kwelebhu okucelwe ngudokotela ukuze aqinisekise iphrofayili yomuntu, okungukuthi, inani le-LDL, i-HDL, i-VLDL, i-triglycerides kanye ne-cholesterol ephelele, okuthi uma inamanani angajwayelekile, iveze ingozi enkulu yokuthuthuka izifo zenhliziyo, njenge-angina, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi noma i-venous thrombosis, isibonelo.

Ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-lipid kuyacelwa ngudokotela ukuze abone ubungozi balezi zifo futhi kusize ukuhola ukwelashwa okufanelekile komuntu ngamunye, njengendlela yokuvimbela izinkinga zempilo. Ukunquma iphrofayili ye-lipid, kuyadingeka ukuqoqa isampula yegazi elabhorethri, engenziwa ngokuzila noma ngaphandle kokuzila. Isidingo sokuzila amahora angu-12 kufanele siboniswe udokotela ngokomlando wezokwelapha walowo muntu.

Ekuhlolweni kwephrofayili ephelele ye-lipid, kungenzeka ukugcina amanani we:

1. I-cholesterol ye-LDL

LDL, noma i-cholesterol ephansi kakhulu, yaziwa kakhulu njenge-cholesterol embi ngoba uma isezingeni eliphezulu ihlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yezifo zenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, i-LDL ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba, njengoba ibamba iqhaza ekwakheni ama-hormone amaningi.

Ngokufanelekile, amazinga e-LDL cholesterol kufanele abe ngaphansi kuka-130 mg / dl, kepha-ke, kwabanye abantu, kudingeka izilawuli eziqinile ezinjengaphansi kuka-100, 70 noma 50 mg / dl, kuya ngezimo ezinjengendlela yokuphila, umlando wezifo noma ubukhona bezinye izici zobungozi benhliziyo. Bona okuningi nge-LDL nokuthi ungenzani ukuyilawula.

2. I-cholesterol ye-HDL

HDL, noma i-cholesterol ephakeme kakhulu, yaziwa kakhulu njenge-cholesterol enhle futhi kubalulekile ukuthi inyuswe ekusakazeni kwegazi, njengoba imele ukuvikelwa okukhulu kwenhliziyo. Kunconywa ukuthi inani lalo lingaphezu kwama-40 mg kwabesilisa nabesifazane, njengendlela yokuvimbela ubungozi bezifo zenhliziyo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kukhonjiswa ukwenza umsebenzi womzimba futhi kube nokudla okunothe ngamafutha amahle nemicu, ekhona inhlanzi, uwoyela womnqumo, imifino kanye nembewu, isibonelo.

3. I-cholesterol ye-VLDL

I-VLDL uhlobo lwe-cholesterol enomsebenzi wokuhambisa ama-triglycerides ne-cholesterol ezicutshini zomzimba, futhi iyingxenye yeqembu elingeyona i-HDL cholesterol, ngakho-ke, kufanele ligcinwe ngamanani aphansi, futhi akunconywa ukuthi amanani angaphezu kwama-30 mg / dL. Funda kabanzi ngokulimala kwe-cholesterol ephezulu ye-VLDL.

4. I-cholesterol engeyona eye-HDL

Yisibalo sazo zonke izinhlobo ze-cholesterol, ngaphandle kwe-HDL futhi, njenge-cholesterol ye-LDL iyodwa, kubhekwa nodokotela njengeyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu engcupheni yezifo zenhliziyo, futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukuqapha nokuqondisa ukwelashwa.

I-cholesterol engeyona ye-HDL kufanele ibe kumazinga angama-30 mg / dl ngaphezulu kwalokho okubhekwa njengokufanelekile nge-LDL, ngakho-ke uma inani eliphakeme kakhulu le-LDL lomuntu liyi-130 mg / dl, i-cholesterol engeyona ye-HDL ibhekwa njengejwayelekile uma ifinyelela ku-160 mg / dl.

5. Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol

Kuyisamba se-HDL, i-LDL ne-VLDL, futhi kuyinto efiselekayo ukuba nenani elingaphansi kwe-190 mg / dL, ngoba uma liphakeme libuye lenyuse ingozi yezifo ezinjengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, i-angina noma i-pancreatitis, ngokwesibonelo . Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma i-cholesterol enhle (i-HDL) iphakeme kakhulu, ingakhuphula inani eliphelele le-cholesterol, ngakho-ke kubalulekile njalo ukuqhathanisa amanani wephrofayili ephelele ye-lipid.

6. AmaTriglycerides

Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-triglycerides, lawa ma-molecule amafutha angumthombo obalulekile wamandla omzimba nemisipha, kepha-ke, lapho ephakanyiswa egazini, angakwazi ukuqoqa ukuqoqwa kwamafutha emithanjeni yegazi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Inani elifiselekayo le-triglyceride esivivinyweni sephrofayili se-lipid lingaphansi kuka-150 mg / dl, futhi uma liphakama inani lalo, maningi amathuba okuba nezinkinga. Ngaphezu kwesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ama-triglycerides aphezulu ngokweqile angadala ne-pancreatitis.

Nakhu okufanele ukwenze ukwehlisa ama-triglycerides.

Lapho kukhonjiswa ukuhlolwa kwephrofayela ye-lipid

Ngokuvamile, i-lipidogram dosing yenziwa kubantu abadala njalo eminyakeni engu-5, noma kunjalo, uma kunengozi enkulu yesifo senhliziyo noma uma i-cholesterol iguqulwa kolunye uvivinyo, lesi sikhathi kufanele sibe sifushane.

Yize lokhu kuhlolwa kungavame ukucelwa izingane nentsha, kungenziwa kulabo abanethuba eliphezulu lokuthola isifo senhliziyo, njengalezo ezinezifo zofuzo ze-cholesterol, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ukukhuluphala, ngokwesibonelo.

Okufanele ukwenze lapho kushintshwa

Lapho iphrofayli ye-lipid iguqulwa, kubalulekile ukwenza ukwelashwa, okuholwa ngudokotela futhi, okungcono, ngokulandelwa ngongoti wokudla. Izindlela eziyinhloko zokubhekana nalezi zinguquko zifaka:

• Izinguquko zokudla: ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, njengokudla okuthosiwe noma inyama enamafutha, kanye nama-carbohydrate amaningi ngokweqile kufanele kugwenywe. Kodwa-ke, umuntu akumele akhohlwe ukuthi indlela yokudla kufanele ilinganiselwe, futhi nenani elifanele lezakhamzimba kumuntu ngamunye, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi ulandele isazi sokudla, ukuze wazi ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani ukudla okuhle kakhulu nenani elifanele ;
• Imikhuba yokuphila enempilo: ukwehlisa i-cholesterol embi nokwandisa i-cholesterol enhle, kunconywa ukwenza imikhuba ejwayelekile yomzimba, okungenani ama-3 kuye kwayisithupha ngeviki, ngokwesilinganiso semizuzu eyi-150 yokuzivocavoca. Kubalulekile futhi ukuyeka ukubhema, ngoba lo mkhuba unomthelela ekwehleni kwe-cholesterol enhle;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi: ezimweni eziningi udokotela uzoncoma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol ne-triglyceride, kanti ezinye zazo eziyinhloko zifaka ama-statins ukwehlisa i-cholesterol, njenge-simvastatin, i-atorvastatin noma i-rosuvastatin, ngokwesibonelo, noma ama-fibrate ukwehlisa i-triglycerides, efana I-Ciprofibrato noma i-Bezafibrato, isibonelo. Yazi izinketho zemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nesifo senhliziyo, kubalulekile futhi ukulawula ezinye izinto eziyingozi, njengokulawula amazinga eglucose egazini, umfutho wegazi nokuncipha, njengoba zonke lezi zinto zifaka isandla ekwakheni i-atherosclerosis emithanjeni yegazi futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo.

Bheka ividiyo elandelayo yokuthi ungaluqonda kanjani uvivinyo nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ukulawula amazinga we-cholesterol: