Izilonda zikaMarjolin

-Delile

• Ikhula kanjani?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Ilashwa kanjani?
• Ingabe ziyavikeleka?
• Ukuhlala nesilonda seMarjolin

Siyini isilonda iMarjolin?

Isilonda iMarjolin uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba ongajwayelekile futhi onolaka okhula ngokusha, izibazi noma amanxeba angapholi kahle. Ikhula kancane, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ingasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, kufaka phakathi ubuchopho bakho, isibindi, amaphaphu noma izinso.

Ezigabeni zokuqala, indawo eyonakele yesikhumba izoshisa, ilume, bese iba namabhamuza. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzokwakhiwa isilonda esisha esivulekile esigcwele izigaxa ezinzima ezizungeze indawo elimele. Ezimweni eziningi, izilonda zeMarjolin ziyizicaba ezinemiphetho ephakanyisiwe.

Ngemuva kwamafomu abuhlungu, ungaqaphela futhi:

• ubomvu olunuka kabi
• ubuhlungu obukhulu
• ukopha
• uqweqwe

Izilonda zeMarjolin zingavalwa ziphinde zivuleke kaninginingi, futhi zingaqhubeka nokukhula ngemuva kwamafomu okuqala abuhlungu.

Ikhula kanjani?

Izilonda zeMarjolin zikhula kusuka esikhunjeni esonakele, imvamisa endaweni yesikhumba esishisiwe. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti amabili ezibazi zokusha akhula nezilonda zeMarjolin.

Bangabuye bathuthuke kusuka ku:

• ukutheleleka kwamathambo
• izilonda ezivulekile ezibangelwa ukunganeli kwemithambo yegazi
• izilonda zengcindezi ezibangelwa ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside
• izibazi zelupus
• isithwathwa
• iziphunzi zokunqunywa
• okuxhunywe esikhunjeni
• izindawo eziphathwa ngemisebe yesikhumba
• izibazi zokugoma

Odokotela abazi ukuthi kungani lezi zindawo ezilimaza isikhumba ziphenduka umdlavuza. Noma kunjalo, kunemibono emibili eyinhloko:

• Ukulimala kubulala imithambo yegazi nemithambo yama-lymphatic eyingxenye yokuphendula komzimba wakho, okwenza kube nzima ngesikhumba sakho ukulwa nomdlavuza.
• Ukucasuka isikhathi eside kudala ukuthi amangqamuzana esikhumba azilungise njalo. Phakathi nale nqubo yokuvuselela, amanye amangqamuzana esikhumba aba nomdlavuza.

Abesilisa banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuba nesilonda iMarjolin, ngokusho kocwaningo olukhona. Izilonda zeMarjolin nazo zivame kakhulu kubantu abaseminyakeni yabo yama-50 noma abahlala emazweni asathuthuka abangatholi kahle ukunakekelwa kwamanxeba.

Lokhu kubuyekeza kwango-2011 kutholakale nokuthi izilonda zeMarjolin zivame ukukhula emilenzeni nasezinyaweni. Zingavela nasentanyeni nasekhanda.

Izilonda eziningi zeMarjolin zingumdlavuza weseli omubi. Lokho kusho ukuthi akha amangqamuzana angama-squamous ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zesikhumba sakho. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kuyizicubu zeseli ze-basal, ezakha izingqimba ezijulile zesikhumba sakho.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Izilonda zeMarjolin zikhula kancane kakhulu, zivamise ukuthatha zibe ngumdlavuza. Kwezinye izimo, kungathatha iminyaka engaba ngu-75 ukukhula. Kuthatha kuphela isilonda esisodwa seMarjolin ukwenza umonakalo emzimbeni.

Uma unesilonda noma isibazi esingapholanga ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kudokotela wesikhumba ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwesikhumba sakho. Uma udokotela wesikhumba ecabanga ukuthi isilonda singaba nomdlavuza, kungenzeka benze i-biopsy. Ukuze benze lokhu, bazosusa isampula lezicubu ezincane enxebeni bese behlolela umdlavuza.

Bangase futhi basuse i-lymph node eduzane nesilonda bese beyihlolela umdlavuza ukuze babone ukuthi isakazekile yini. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Ngokuya ngemiphumela ye-biopsy, udokotela wakho angahle asebenzise ukuskena kwe-CT noma ukuskena kwe-MRI ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akusakazekanga emathanjeni akho noma kwezinye izitho.

Ilashwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukufaka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angasebenzisa izindlela ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukene zokwenza lokhu, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuzijabulisa. Le ndlela ifaka phakathi ukusika isimila kanye nezinye izicubu ezisizungezile.
• Mohs ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngezigaba. Okokuqala, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzosusa ungqimba lwesikhumba futhi asibuke ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ngenkathi ulindile. Le nqubo iyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho kungekho maseli omdlavuza asele.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, uzodinga ukufakelwa kwesikhumba ukumboza indawo lapho kukhishwe khona isikhumba.

Uma umdlavuza usakaze ezindaweni eziseduze, ungadinga futhi:

• ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• ukunqunywa

Ngemuva kokwelashwa, kuzodingeka ulandele udokotela wakho njalo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi umdlavuza awubuyanga.

Ingabe ziyavikeleka?

Uma unesilonda esikhulu esivulekile noma usha kanzima, qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Lokhu kungasiza ekwehliseni ubungozi bokuba nesilonda seMarjolin noma ukutheleleka okungathi sína. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izilonda noma ukusha okungabonakali kuphulukisa ngemuva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.

Uma unesibazi esidala sokusha esiqala ukuba nesilonda, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungadinga ukufakelwa kwesikhumba ukuvimbela indawo ekuthuthukiseni isilonda seMarjolin.

Ukuhlala nesilonda seMarjolin

Izilonda zeMarjolin zibucayi kakhulu futhi zidala ukufa kwezinye izimo. Umphumela wakho uncike ngosayizi wesimila sakho nokuthi unolaka kangakanani. Izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu le-Marjolin ulcer zokhahlamba lisuka. Lokho kusho ukuthi amaphesenti angama-40 kuye kwangamaphesenti angama-69 abantu abatholwe benesilonda iMarjolin basaphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemuva kokutholakala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilonda zeMarjolin zingabuya, noma sezisusiwe. Uma wake waba nesilonda seMarjolin phambilini, qiniseka ukuthi ulandela njalo udokotela wakho futhi ubatshele nganoma yiziphi izinguquko ozibonayo endaweni ethintekile.