Ingabe Kufanele Ugweme Izinhlanzi Ngenxa Yemercury?

-Delile

• Kungani iMercury Iyinkinga
• Ezinye Izinhlanzi Ziphezulu Kakhulu eMercury
• Ukuqoqwa Kwenhlanzi Nabantu
• Imiphumela Emibi Yezempilo
• Abanye Abantu Basengozini Enkulu
• Okusemqoka

Inhlanzi kungenye yokudla okunempilo kakhulu ongakudla.

Lokho kungenxa yokuthi kungumthombo omuhle wamaprotheni, ama-micronutrients, namafutha anempilo.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zingaqukatha amazinga aphezulu e-mercury, anobuthi.

Eqinisweni, ukuvezwa kwe-mercury kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.

Le ndatshana ikutshela ukuthi kufanele ugweme izinhlanzi ngaphezu kokungcoliswa okungaba khona kwe-mercury.

Kungani iMercury Iyinkinga

IMercury iyinsimbi esindayo etholakala ngokwemvelo emoyeni, emanzini nasemhlabathini.

Ikhishwe emvelweni ngezindlela eziningana, kufaka phakathi ngezinqubo zezimboni njengokushisa amalahle noma imicimbi yemvelo njengokuqhuma.

Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zikhona - i-elemental (metallic), i-inorganic, ne-organic ().

Abantu bangachayeka kulo shevu ngezindlela eziningi, njengokuphefumula umphunga we-mercury ngesikhathi semayini nasezimbonini.

Ungadalulwa futhi ngokudla izinhlanzi nezimbaza ngoba lezi zilwane zimunca ukugxila okuphansi kwe-mercury ngenxa yokungcola kwamanzi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-methylmercury - ifomu eliphilayo - lingagxila emizimbeni yabo.

I-Methylmercury inobuthi obukhulu, idala izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo lapho ifinyelela emazingeni athile emzimbeni wakho.

IMercury iyinsimbi esindayo eyenzeka ngokwemvelo. Ingakha emzimbeni wezinhlanzi ngendlela ye-methylmercury, enobuthi kakhulu.

Ezinye Izinhlanzi Ziphezulu Kakhulu eMercury

Inani le-mercury ezinhlanzini nakwezinye izilwane zasolwandle lincike ezinhlotsheni nakumazinga okungcoliswa kwemvelo yawo.

Ucwaningo olulodwa kusuka ku-1998 kuya ku-2005 lwathola ukuthi ama-27% ezinhlanzi ezivela emifudlaneni engama-291 azungeze i-United States aqukethe ngaphezu komkhawulo onconyiwe (2).

Olunye ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zezinhlanzi ezibanjwe ogwini lwaseNew Jersey zinamazinga e-mercury aphezulu kunezingxenye ezi-0.5 kwisigidi ngasinye (ppm) - okuyizinga elingadala izinkinga zempilo kubantu abadla le nhlanzi njalo ().

Kukonke, izinhlanzi ezinkudlwana neziphila isikhathi eside zivame ukuqukethe i-mercury kakhulu ().

Lokhu kufaka phakathi ushaka, i-swordfish, i-tuna entsha, i-marlin, i-king mackerel, i-tilefish evela eGulf of Mexico, ne-pike esenyakatho ().

Izinhlanzi ezinkulu zivame ukudla izinhlanzi eziningi ezincane, eziqukethe inani elincane le-mercury. Njengoba kungakhishwa kalula emizimbeni yabo, amazinga aqoqeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Le nqubo yaziwa ngokuthi yi-bioaccumulation ().

Amazinga ezinhlanzi ezinhlanzini alinganiswa njengezingxenye ngesigidi ngasinye (ppm). Nawa amazinga aphakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinhlanzi nezilwandle, kusuka phezulu kuya phansi ():

• I-swordfish: 0.995 ngomzuzu
• Ushaka: 0.979 ngomzuzu
• King mackerel: 0.730 ngomzuzu
• I-tuna ye-Bigeye: 0.689 ngomzuzu
• UMarlin: 0.485 ngomzuzu
• I-tuna ekheniwe: 0.128 ngomzuzu
• Ikhodi: 0.111 ngomzuzu
• I-lobster yaseMelika: 0.107 ngomzuzu
• Inhlanzi emhlophe: 0.089 ppm
• I-herring: 0.084 ngomzuzu
• Hake: 0.079 ppm
• Ithrawuthi: 0.071 ngomzuzu
• Udoti: 0.065 ppm
• IHaddock: 0.055 ppm
• Ukwenza mhlophe: 0.051 ipm
• I-Atlantic mackerel: 0.050 ppm
• Isikhuphashe: 0.035 ppm
• I-Pollock: 0.031 ppm
• Inhlanzi eyikati: 0.025 ppm
• I-squid: 0.023 ppm
• Uhlobo lwenhlanzi: 0.022 ppm
• Ama-anchovies: 0.017 ngomzuzu
• Ama-sardine: 0.013 ppm
• Ama-Oysters: 0.012 ppm
• Ama-Scallops: 0,003 ppm
• Imfene: 0,001 ppm

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinhlanzi nezinye izilwane zasolwandle ziqukethe amanani e-mercury ahlukahlukene. Izinhlanzi ezinkulu neziphila isikhathi eside zivame ukuba namazinga aphezulu.

Ukuqoqwa Kwenhlanzi Nabantu

Ukudla izinhlanzi kanye ne-shellfish kungumthombo omkhulu wokuchayeka kwe-mercury kubantu nasezilwaneni. Ukuvezwa - noma ngabe ngamanani amancane - kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo (,).

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amanzi olwandle aqukethe kuphela izingxenyana ze-methylmercury.

Kodwa-ke, izitshalo zasolwandle ezinjenge-algae ziyayimunca. Izinhlanzi bese zidla ulwelwe, zimunce futhi zigcine i-mercury. Izinhlanzi ezinkulu, ezidlayo bese ziqoqa amazinga aphezulu ekudleni izinhlanzi ezincane (,).

Eqinisweni, izinhlanzi ezinkulu, ezidlayo zingaqukatha izingxube ze-mercury kuze kube izikhathi eziphindwe kalishumi kunezinhlanzi ezizidlayo. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-biomagnification (11).

Izinhlangano zikahulumeni wase-U.S. Zincoma ukuthi ugcine amazinga e-mercury egazi akho ngaphansi kuka-5.0 mcg ilitha (12).

Ucwaningo olulodwa lwase-U.S. Kubantu abangama-89 luthole ukuthi amazinga e-mercury ayesukela ku-2.0-89.5 mcg ngelitha ngalinye, ngokwesilinganiso. I-whopping 89% ibinamazinga aphakeme kunaleyo ebekiwe ().

Ngokwengeziwe, ucwaningo luye lwasho ukuthi ukudliwa kwezinhlanzi okuphezulu kwakuxhunyaniswe namazinga aphezulu e-mercury.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundo eziningi zinqume ukuthi abantu abadla njalo izinhlanzi ezinkulu - njenge-pike ne-perch - banamazinga aphezulu e-mercury (,).

Ukudla izinhlanzi eziningi - ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezinkulu - kuxhunyaniswa namazinga aphezulu e-mercury emzimbeni.

Imiphumela Emibi Yezempilo

Ukuvezwa kwe-mercury kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ().

Kokubili kubantu nasezilwaneni, amazinga aphezulu e-mercury ahlotshaniswa nezinkinga zobuchopho.

Ucwaningo olwenziwe kubantu abadala abayi-129 baseBrazil luthole ukuthi amazinga aphezulu ezinwele ze-mercury ahlotshaniswa nokwehla kwamakhono emoto amahle, ubuhlakani, inkumbulo, nokunaka ().

Izifundo zakamuva zixhumanisa nokuchayeka kuzinsimbi ezisindayo - njenge-mercury - nezimo ezinjenge-Alzheimer's, iParkinson's, i-autism, ukudangala, kanye nokukhathazeka ().

Noma kunjalo, kudingeka izifundo eziningi ukuqinisekisa lesi sixhumanisi.

Ukwengeza, ukuvezwa kwe-mercury kuhambisana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ingozi eyengeziwe yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, kanye ne-cholesterol "ye-LDL" embi ",",,,).

Ucwaningo olulodwa emadodeni ayi-1 800 lwathola ukuthi labo abanezinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-mercury babesengozini ephindwe kabili yokufa ngezinkinga ezihlobene nenhliziyo kunamadoda anamazinga aphansi ().

Noma kunjalo, izinzuzo zokudla okunomsoco kwezinhlanzi kungenzeka zidlule izingozi zokuvezwa yi-mercury - inqobo nje uma ulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwezinhlanzi eziphezulu ze-mercury ().

Amazinga aphezulu e-mercury angalimaza ukusebenza kobuchopho nempilo yenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo zezempilo zokudla izinhlanzi zingadlula lezi zingozi inqobo nje uma unciphisa ukungenisa kwakho izinhlanzi ezine-mercury ephezulu.

Abanye Abantu Basengozini Enkulu

Imercury ezinhlanzini ayithinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Ngakho-ke, abantu abathile kufanele banakekele ngokwengeziwe.

Abantu abasengozini bahlanganisa nabesifazane abakhulelwe noma abangakhulelwa, omama abancelisayo, nezingane ezincane.

Imibungu nezingane zisengcupheni yokuthola ubuthi be-mercury, futhi i-mercury ingadluliselwa kalula embungwini womama okhulelwe noma usana lukamama oncelisayo.

Ucwaningo olulodwa lwesilwane lwembula ukuthi ukuvezwa kwamanani aphansi we-methylmercury phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala eziyi-10 zokukhulelwa kungasebenzi kahle kumagundane amadala ().

Olunye ucwaningo luveze ukuthi izingane zivezwe i-mercury ngenkathi zisesibelethweni zilwa nokunakwa, inkumbulo, ulimi, nokusebenza kwemoto (,).

Ngokwengeziwe, ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi amaqembu athile ezinhlanga - kubandakanya aboMdabu baseMelika, abase-Asiya, kanye neziQhingi zasePacific - banengozi enkulu yokuchayeka kwe-mercury ngenxa yokudla okujwayelekile okunezinhlanzi ().

Abesifazane abakhulelwe, omama abancelisayo, izingane ezincane, nalabo abadla njalo inqwaba yezinhlanzi basengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezihlobene nokuchayeka kwe-mercury.

Okusemqoka

Sekukonke, akufanele wesabe ukudla izinhlanzi.

Izinhlanzi ziwumthombo obalulekile wama-omega-3 fatty acids futhi zinikeza ezinye izinzuzo eziningi.

Eqinisweni, kunconywa ukuthi abantu abaningi badle okungenani izinhlinzeko ezimbili zezinhlanzi ngesonto.

Kodwa-ke, i-Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yeluleka abantu abasengozini enkulu yobuthi be-mercury - njengabesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo - ukugcina izincomo ezilandelayo engqondweni ():

• Yidla ama-servings ama-2-3 (227-340 amagremu) ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi masonto onke.
• Khetha izinhlanzi nezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezise-mercury ephansi, njenge-salmon, imfanzi, i-cod namasardadi.
• Gwema izinhlanzi ze-mercury ephakeme, njenge-tilefish evela eGulf of Mexico, ushaka, i-swordfish, ne-king mackerel.
• Lapho ukhetha izinhlanzi ezintsha, bheka izeluleko zezinhlanzi zaleyo mifudlana noma amachibi.

Ukulandela lezi zeluleko kuzokusiza ukwandise izinzuzo zokudla izinhlanzi ngenkathi unciphisa ubungozi bokuchayeka kwe-mercury.